711 results match your criteria: "Delta State University[Affiliation]"

RNA interference (RNAi) is a primordial biological process that protects against external intrusion. SiRNA has the potential to selectively silence disease-related genes in a sequence-specific way, thus offering a promising therapeutic approach. The efficacy of siRNA-based therapies in cancer treatment has gained significant recognition due to multiple studies demonstrating its ability to effectively suppress cancer cells' growth and multiplication.

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Alzheimer's disease is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. One of the key pathological features of Alzheimer's disease is oxidative stress, which is characterized by an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species and the body's ability to neutralize them with antioxidants. In recent years, there has been growing interest in the potential role of antioxidant supplementation in mitigating oxidative stress markers in Alzheimer's disease.

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Chitosan and its derivatives: A novel approach to gut microbiota modulation and immune system enhancement.

Int J Biol Macromol

December 2024

Operational Research Centre in Healthcare, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Medical Diagnostic Imaging, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates.

Chitosan, a biopolymer derived from the deacetylation of chitin found in crustacean shells and certain fungi, has attracted considerable attention for its promising health benefits, particularly in gut microbiota maintenance and immune system modulation. This review critically examines chitosan's multifaceted role in supporting gut health and enhancing immunity, beginning with a comprehensive overview of its sources, chemical structure, and its dual function as a dietary supplement and biomaterial. Chitosan's prebiotic effects are highlighted, with a focus on its ability to selectively stimulate beneficial gut bacteria, such as Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus, while enhancing gut barrier integrity and inhibiting the growth of pathogenic microorganisms.

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Taurine, an essential amino acid, attenuates rotenone-induced Parkinson's disease in rats by inhibiting alpha-synuclein aggregation and augmenting dopamine release.

Behav Brain Res

December 2024

DELSU Joint Canada-Israel Neuroscience and Biopsychiatry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria.

Reducing antioxidant levels exacerbates the generation of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species, leading to alpha-synuclein aggregation and the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. These play a key role in the onset of Parkinson's disease (PD), for which effective treatment remains elusive. This study examined the neuroprotective effects of taurine, an essential β-amino acid with antioxidant and antiinflammation properties, in Swiss male mice exposed to rotenone-induced PD.

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Glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase-like protein (QPCTL) is a newly discovered enzyme that has sparked interest owing to its possible role in cancer genesis and progression. Initially discovered as a post-translational modification regulator of protein maturation, QPCTL has emerged as a key participant in cancer biology. Recent research has linked QPCTL to numerous essential cancer-related processes, including cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis.

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Exploring the modulation of TLR4 and its associated ncRNAs in cancer immunopathogenesis, with an emphasis on the therapeutic implications and mechanisms underlying drug resistance.

Hum Immunol

December 2024

College of Pharmacy, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; College of Pharmacy, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; College of Pharmacy, The Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • * The interaction between TLR4 and certain ncRNAs contributes to processes that promote tumors, such as immune cell suppression and resistance to chemotherapy.
  • * The findings suggest that targeting TLR4 and its ncRNA regulators could lead to new strategies for predicting treatment responses and improving cancer therapies in the future.
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  • In Nigeria, violence against healthcare workers (HCWs) is prevalent, significantly impacting healthcare access and workers' well-being, particularly in conflict and violent situations.
  • A study surveyed 1,218 HCWs and found that 16.7% experienced physical violence, while 62.4% faced psychological violence, with common forms including verbal abuse and pushing.
  • Major consequences included low job satisfaction, decreased confidence, and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, primarily influenced by patient-related issues and hospital working conditions.
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Adolescence is a phase of life characterized by several reproductive health challenges that require support to navigate. However, access to adolescent and youth-friendly health service (AYFHS) centers to provide this support is limited. Perspective of healthcare workers (HCW) towards understanding the challenges to service provision has not been systematically documented.

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The traditional medicinal value of (turmeric) and its potential relevance in modern healthcare suggests that traditional remedies and natural products can provide valuable solutions to contemporary challenges, such as combating biofilms and antibiotic-resistant pathogens, potentially offering new strategies for addressing health and safety issues in the fields of food and medicine. This study assessed the antibiofilm and antibacterial characterization of Curcuma longa rhizome extract against antibiotic-resistant foodborne pathogens. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analysis were determined to check for the compounds, functional groups, and constituents of the plant extract.

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  • Doxorubicin (DOX) can cause significant liver damage in both humans and animals, but the impact of lutein, a natural carotenoid, on liver toxicity caused by DOX is not well understood.
  • This study aimed to investigate how lutein protects against doxorubicin-induced liver damage in male Wistar rats through various treatment groups, including a control group and groups receiving either DOX, lutein, or both.
  • Results indicated that lutein significantly reduced harmful enzyme levels and oxidative stress markers while enhancing protective enzymes, restoring liver structure, and modulating key cellular pathways involved in inflammation and autophagy.
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Aims: The objective of this study is to compare the effectiveness and safety of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in the treatment of non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTE-ACS).

Methods: A literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, covering studies up to June 2024. Studies comparing PCI and CABG in patients with NSTE-ACS were included, focusing on clinical outcomes such as mortality, myocardial infarction (MI), cerebrovascular accidents (CVA), and the need for repeat revascularization.

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Article Synopsis
  • * RIF may result from imbalances in endometrial inflammatory responses, indicating that the female immune system is vital for successful implantation.
  • * Recent research explores how long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) influence immune responses, suggesting that dysfunctional lncRNAs might contribute to RIF by affecting protein interactions and inflammatory processes.
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Introduction/background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia. The AF Atrial Fibrillation Registry, which commenced in June 2023, was designed to provide clinical epidemiological data on patients with AF in the country.

Objective(s): The objective is to describe the rationale, design, and early findings from the registry.

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Article Synopsis
  • Chronic heart failure (CHF) presents distinct gender-specific factors that impact patient care, yet women are underrepresented in related studies, highlighting a need for more focused research.
  • This study examines 1,290 CHF patients to analyze gender differences in causes, comorbidities, treatment, and one-year mortality rates.
  • Findings reveal that men, who made up 55.8% of the study group, generally had worse health outcomes, prevalent comorbidities, and higher mortality rates compared to women, suggesting significant gender disparities in CHF profiles.
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Annual outbreaks of Lassa fever have resulted in a public health threat in Nigeria and other endemic countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. While the Lassa Virus (LASV) is endemic in rodent populations, zoonotic spillover to humans causes annual outbreaks. This study reviewed the burden of Lassa fever (LF) in Nigeria between 2020 and 2023 and conducted a cross-sectional survey of Nigerians to evaluate their risk perceptions of LF.

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  • The study evaluated the toxicity of aqueous and methanol extracts from a plant's roots in albino rats, focusing on both acute and sub-acute effects and some biochemical parameters.
  • Findings showed that both extracts were non-toxic at doses up to 3000 mg/kg, but higher doses (5000 mg/kg) led to liver toxicity indicators.
  • The extracts may have antioxidant properties, as they did not cause lipid peroxidation or significant changes in lipid profiles at a lower dose of 200 mg/kg, supporting the plant's safe use in traditional medicine.
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  • A study was conducted in the Nkalagu community of Ebonyi State to assess levels of natural radioactivity from potassium (K), thorium (Th), and radium (Ra) in limestone and surface soil samples using gamma spectroscopic analysis.
  • The average activity concentrations for Ra, Th, and K were higher in limestone than in soil, with most values exceeding global averages set by the United Nations.
  • The findings indicate significant radiation exposure risks, leading to a recommendation against using the limestone for construction, especially in residential buildings where people spend considerable time.
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  • Natural killer (NK) cells are important immune cells in cancer therapy, with treatments aimed at enhancing their anti-cancer functions in the body.
  • NK cell-derived exosomes (NDEs) are safe, easily modified, and can boost the effectiveness of various cancer therapies while minimizing side effects.
  • The review discusses the potential and challenges of different NK cell therapies, the impact of tumor exosomes on NK cells, and the future role of NDEs in improving cancer immunotherapy outcomes.
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The concentrations of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were evaluated in snails from different locations in the Niger Delta of Nigeria to provide data about their sources and possible risk to humans from the consumption of snails. The OCP and PBDE concentrations in snail samples ranged from 0.31 to 12.

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Background/objective: This study was necessary due to the increasing number of cases of natural disasters such as flood, air pollution, erosion, etc in Nigeria, particularly in the Abia state, as well as the accompanying psychological and health issues affecting individuals within families and society as a whole. The study aimed to examine the impact of rational emotive behavior therapy on farmers' post-traumatic stress (PTS) in Abia State, Nigeria.

Method: A randomized control trial was conducted in Abia state, with a sample size of 118 farmers with experiences of natural disasters.

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Bi- and Monoallelic Variants and Chronic Kidney Disease in West Africans.

N Engl J Med

October 2024

From the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham (R.A.G.), and the Departments of Medicine (B.I.F.) and Biochemistry (N.D.P.), Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem - both in North Carolina; the Department of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka (I.U.), the Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan (S. Ajayi, Y.R., A.D.A., A. Asinobi, O. Amodu, B.L.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Ilorin, Ilorin (T.O.), the Department of Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (F.A.), the Department of Medicine, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria (M. Mamven), the Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos (T.A.), the Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Lagos State University, Ojo (A.S., O. Awobusuyi), the Department of Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto (M. Makusidi), Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi (U.O.), Delta State University Teaching Hospital, Oghara (O.O.), and Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano (A. Abdu) - all in Nigeria; the Department of Medicine, University of Ghana Medical School (C.O., M. Matekole, V.A., V.B., D.A.), and Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana (A.N., A.G.), Accra, the Department of Medicine, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast (I.E.), and Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi (J.P.-R., S. Antwi) - all in Ghana; the Basic Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick (C.A.W.), the Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute (A.A.A.), and the Division of Kidney, Urologic and Digestive Disease, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive Kidney Diseases (P.L.K.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda - all in Maryland; the Departments of Human Genetics (D.B.), Medicine (M.K.), and Pathology (J.B.H.), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor; the Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health, Loyola University, Chicago (R.C., B.T.); the Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine (T.O.I.), the Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School (M.R.P.), and the Departments of Pathology (B.C.) and Medicine (W.W.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School - all in Boston; the Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson (F.C.B.); the Departments of Biostatistics and Data Science (M.P., J.S.) and Medicine (C.I.A., J.W., A.O.), University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; and the Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, Women's College Hospital, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto (R.S.P.).

Background: Apolipoprotein L1 gene () variants are risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD) among Black Americans. Data are sparse on the genetic epidemiology of CKD and the clinical association of variants with CKD in West Africans, a major group in the Black population.

Methods: We conducted a case-control study involving participants from Ghana and Nigeria who had CKD stages 2 through 5, biopsy-proven glomerular disease, or no kidney disease.

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In this work, we employed an attractive hybrid integral transform technique known as the natural transform decomposition method (NTDM) to investigate analytical solutions for the Noyes-Field (NF) model of the time-fractional Belousov-Zhabotinsky (TF-BZ) reaction system. The aforementioned time-fractional model is considered within the framework of the Caputo, Caputo-Fabrizio, and Atangana-Baleanu fractional derivatives. The NTDM couples the Adomian decomposition method and the natural transform method to generate rapidly convergent series-type solutions via an elegant iterative approach.

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Introduction: Teenage pregnancy is a major public health problem with huge consequences for maternal health and pregnancy outcomes. More than 90% of these live births are estimated to occur in developing countries. The objective of this review is to estimate the prevalence of teenage pregnancy and its associated factors in Uganda.

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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an idiopathic disease caused by a dysregulated immune response to host intestinal microflora. A hyperactive inflammatory and immunological response in the gut has been shown to be one of the disease's long-term causes despite the complexity of the clinical pathology of IBD. The innate immune system activator known as human gut inflammasome is thought to be a significant underlying cause of pathology and is closely linked to the development of IBD.

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Article Synopsis
  • * Acetylation affects the functioning of proteins like cytokine receptors and transcription factors, which play crucial roles in inflammatory responses.
  • * Some HDAC inhibitors are used as cancer treatments due to their ability to control cell growth and programmed cell death, and this review discusses their potential application in treating inflammatory diseases like arthritis and IBD.
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