An experimental comparison and user evaluation of three different dried plasma products.

Background And Objectives: Access to blood components in pre-hospital bleeding resuscitation is challenging. Dried plasma is a logistically superior alternative, and new products are emerging. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate laboratory and practical differences in three differently produced dried plasma products.

Evading Antivirus Detection Using Fountain Code-Based Techniques for Executing Shellcodes.

In this study, we propose a method for successfully evading antivirus detection by encoding malicious shellcode with fountain codes. The Meterpreter framework for Microsoft Windows 32-bit and 64-bit architectures was used to produce the shellcode used in this investigation. The experimental results proved that detection rates were substantially decreased.

Students as key allies in combating school bullying: Leveraging peer perspectives to recognize victimization in high-risk groups.

Bullying in schools remains a critical issue, and teachers often struggle to identify students at risk of victimization. This study explores the prevalence of various forms of bullying among high-risk groups in Taiwanese schools, using peer perspectives to gain insight. A total of 1,732 students (734 males and 998 females) participated in a survey that measured 10 common types of bullying, assessing both students' perceptions and the actual frequency of occurrences over the past 6 months.

Aggression in crime and sports: a study on prisoners and amateur combat athletes in Türkiye.

Background: This research focuses on examining and comparing the aggression levels of prisoners incarcerated for intentional injury and amateur combat athletes. The study aims to explore the differences in aggression levels among these groups to understand the impact of incarceration and sports participation on aggression.

Methods: The participants included in the analysis consist of prisoners (n = 363) housed in Marmara No.

Denture Care Behavior and Lifespan of Removable Partial Dentures in Indonesian Military Personnel: An Approach Using the Theory of Planned Behavior.

Objectives:  In the context of military health, removable partial acrylic dentures (RPADs) are crucial for the quality of life and performance of Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) soldiers. Given the demanding and unpredictable military environment, RPADs provide a solution for soldiers experiencing tooth loss. This research aims to identify behavioral factors influencing the lifespan of RPADs among TNI soldiers.

Clinical Trial of Autologous Dendritic Cell Administration Effect on Water Molecule Diffusion and Anti-Inflammatory Biomarkers in Diabetic Kidney Disease.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) significantly increases mortality, with patients facing a fourfold risk of death within ten years. Chronic inflammation, marked by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) activity, contributes to kidney damage and fibrosis. This study investigates the effect of autologous dendritic cells on inflammation and kidney function, focusing on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), TGF-β, and ICAM-1 levels.

Assessing the Overall Technical Efficiency, Pure Technical Efficiency, and Scale Efficiency of United States Department of Defense Hospitals.

Introduction: This study aims to evaluate US Department of Defense hospital efficiency.

Methods: Drawing on the American Hospital Association's annual survey data, the study employs data envelopment analysis, slack analysis, and the Malmquist Productivity Index to identify the differences in hospital efficiency between Air Force, Army, and Navy hospitals as well as the trends of their efficiency from 2010 to 2021.

Results: US Department of Defense hospitals operated inefficiently from 2010 to 2021, although the average technical efficiency of all DOD hospitals increased slightly during this period.

Mindfulness and resilience as serial mediators of links between childhood psychological maltreatment and substance misuse.

Substance misuse is a seriously risky behavior in young adulthood. To protect and support the psychological health of university students, the risk factors and protective factors related to substance misuse should be examined. This study aims to examine the serial mediating role of mindfulness and resilience in the relationship between childhood psychological maltreatment and substance misuse.

Enhanced magnetoresistance properties of K-site deficient LaK□MnO manganites synthesized sol-gel, wet-mixing, and solid-state reaction methods.

The effect of synthesis methods on the structural, magnetic, electrical transport, and magnetoresistance (MR) properties of K-deficient LaK□MnO (LKMO) materials has been investigated. The compounds were synthesized sol-gel (SG), wet-mixing (WM), and solid-state (SS) reaction. The resulting ceramics were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and four point probe (FPP) techniques to evaluate their crystal structure, morphologies, elemental composition, electrical transport properties, and magnetoresistance (MR) behavior.

AI-Based Analysis of Ziehl-Neelsen-Stained Sputum Smears for as a Screening Method for Active Tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis is the primary cause of death due to infection in the world. Identification of in sputum is a diagnostic test, which can be used in screening programs-especially in countries with a high incidence of tuberculosis-to identify and treat those persons with the highest risk of disseminating the infection. We previously developed an algorithm which is able to automatically detect mycobacteria on tissue; in particular, our algorithm identified acid-fast bacilli on tissue with 100% specificity, 95.

α-GalCer sp-iminoglycolipid analogs as CD1d-dependent iNKT modulators: Evaluation of their immunotherapeutic potential in murine models of asthma and autoimmune hepatitis.

Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are a subset of innate T cells displaying powerful immunomodulatory functions. Despite extensive preclinical research on the use of iNKT agonist and antagonist for various diseases, translating these findings into successful clinical applications has proven challenging, leaving no approved treatments to date. Efforts to optimize therapeutic outcomes by developing alternative glycolipids to α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer or KRN7000), the prototypical iNKT antigen, have shown improved preclinical results.

The total joint arthroplasty care patterns in China during the COVID-19 pandemic: a multicenter cohort study.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly affected the care practices of total joint arthroplasty (TJA) throughout the world. However, the impact of the pandemic on TJA care practices has not yet been studied in China.

Methods: This retrospective multicenter cohort included patients aged 18 years or older who underwent TJA between January 2019 and December 2019 (prepandemic period) and January 2020 to December 2021 (pandemic period).

Undetected falls among older adults attending medical clinics in four tertiary care centres in Sri Lanka; the need of a comprehensive geriatric assessment.

Objective: Falls take a high priority among the prevalent medical conditions in old age. Despite this, a history of falls or the risk of future falls is not routinely assessed or properly managed in medical clinics in Sri Lanka. This study was done to evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with falls and recurrent falls among older adults attending medical clinics in four selected tertiary care centres in the country.

Ultra high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry: Development and validation of an analytical method for N2-Ethyl-2'-deoxyguanosine in dried blood spot.

In the body, ethanol is metabolized to acetaldehyde by alcohol dehydrogenase and CYP2E1. Acetaldehyde is the main carcinogen that forms DNA adducts, N2-Ethylidene-2'-deoxyguanosine (N2-Ethylidene-dG), which can cause DNA damage and lead to cancer. However, N2-Ethylidene-dG is an unstable form at the nucleoside level and is difficult to measure.

Environmental Scanning Model in Health System and Implementation Steps: A Scoping Review.

Background: Various studies have highlighted the usefulness of environmental scanning in assessing community needs and developing programs and policies. We aimed to find the most practical model of using such scanning in the healthcare literature.

Methods: We conducted a scoping review based on the PRISMA guideline to ensure a comprehensive and systematic approach in 2023.

Enhancing Hormonal Tablets Disintegration: The Role of Chitosan as an Alternative Disintegrant in Estradiol Tablet Formulation.

The vital regulatory role of estradiol in diverse physiological systems, encompassing the menstrual cycle, cardiovascular, neurologic, skeletal, and vascular systems, underscores its importance. Consequently, this compound is frequently incorporated into diverse pharmaceutical formulations, particularly those in tablet form. Typical inactive ingredients used in estradiol tablet formulations include lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, and sodium starch glycolate.

Biosecurity Assessments for Emerging Transdisciplinary Biotechnologies: Revisiting Biodefense in an Age of Synthetic Biology.

Introduction: Rapid advances in biotechnologies and transdisciplinary research are enhancing the ability to perform full-scale engineering of biology, contributing to worldwide efforts to create bioengineered plants, medicines, and commodities, which promise sustainability and innovative properties.

Objective: This rapidly evolving biotechnology landscape is prompting focused scrutiny on biosecurity frameworks in place to mitigate harmful exploitation of biotechnology by state and non-state actors. Concerns about biosafety and biosecurity of engineering biology research have existed for decades as views about how advances in this and associated fields might provide new capabilities to malicious actors.

Cosmetic Rhinoplasty and Nasal Obstruction: What I Look for, How Do I Evaluate the Patient.

The airway must not be ignored in cosmetic rhinoplasty operations, and it is important to address the 4 areas that restrict airflow namely the septum, the turbinates, the mid-vault, and the external nasal valve. Numerous techniques exist that treat these areas without any compromise in esthetic outcome. Techniques include lateral wall suture suspension methods, specialized sutures of the lateral crus, and articulated alar rim grafts.

The Potential of Anti-Inflammatory DC Immunotherapy in Improving Proteinuria in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

A typical consequence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a significant risk factor for end-stage renal disease. The pathophysiology of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is mainly associated with the immune system, which involves adhesion molecules and growth factors disruption, excessive expression of inflammatory mediators, decreased levels of anti-inflammatory mediators, and immune cell infiltration in the kidney. Dendritic cells are professional antigen-presenting cells acting as a bridge connecting innate and adaptive immune responses.

Aquaporin4-IgG seropositivity significantly increases the risk of comorbid autoimmune diseases in NMOSD patients: population-based registry data.

Background: The aim of our study was to estimate the frequency of autoimmune comorbidities, in NMOSD patients from the national Serbian NMOSD Registry.

Methods: Our study comprises 136 patients with NMOSD, diagnosed according to the NMOSD criteria 2015. At the time of the study, in the Registry were collected demographic and clinical data, including those related to the coexisting comorbidities and pathogenic autoantibodies.

Biocompatibility and corrosion resistance of drug coatings with different polymers for magnesium alloy cardiovascular stents.

Recently, advances in enhancing corrosion properties through various techniques, and the clinical application of biodegradable cardiovascular stents made from magnesium (Mg) alloys face challenges to corrosion resistance, blood compatibility, and biocompatibility. Drug-eluting stents (DES) offer a solution to enhance the corrosion resistance of Mg alloys while simultaneously reducing the occurrence of restenosis. In this study, WE43 Mg alloy was pretreated using electropolishing technology, and different polymers (PEG and PLLA) were used as drug-polymer coatings for the Mg alloy.

The Mediating Role of Psychological Resilience in the Relationship of Adverse Childhood Experiences With Academic Achievement.

In this study, the mediating role of psychological resilience in the relationship between negative childhood experiences and academic achievement was examined. The sample of the study consists of 405 participants who graduated from state universities in Turkey in the spring semester of 2022-2023. In the study, the Adverse Childhood Experiences Scale, the Brief Psychological Resilience Scale, and the general weighted grade point average in the university graduation transcripts of the participants were used as data collection tools.