A Pilot Study Using a Standardized Trauma Assessment Tool After Tactical Combat Casualty Care Course: A Comparison of the United States and Ghana.

Introduction: Assessment, monitoring, and evaluation have been a required part of Global Health Engagement but difficult to accomplish. The current assessment, monitoring, and evaluation frameworks require implementation at the start of the project and are not designed to use for already existing programs. Tactical Combat Casualty Care (TCCC) is a standardized course now offered in 89 countries, but there has not been a standardized method of evaluating the quality across programs.

Evaluating Team Characteristics for Health Engagements in Three Countries in Central America: 2012-2017.

Background: The U.S. DoD is a multidimensional agency of the government that employs health engagement activities within partner nations for medical operations, humanitarian assistance, threat reduction, and improved health outcomes toward sustainable global health and security.

Developing the Prototype Embedded Health Engagement Team.

Small, well prepared, culturally competent, and embedded health engagement teams (EHET) tailored to work within a partner health system, rather than outside of it, will achieve greater mutual benefit, desired military objectives, and better health outcomes for the United States Department of Defence and its partners. EHETs have significant advantages over traditional methods of choice for health security cooperation and humanitarian assistance missions. These advantages include enhanced capability and capacity building, greater trust through intentional cultural expertise, a ready platform for enduring relationships, enhanced host nation legitimacy, and flexibility to target specific issues with greater fidelity.

An Embedded Health Engagement Team Pilot Test.

Introduction: As an innovative test of an alternative health engagement method during CONTINUING PROMISE 2011 a joint embedded health engagement team (EHET) was created and executed. EHETs may serve as US military alternatives for improved outcomes in global health engagement activities.

Materials And Methods: The EHET concept was to integrate into the host nation's public health system to collaborate in direct patient care, contribute to comprehensive preventive health, and achieve intellectual exchange between professionals of similar disciplines.

Dissemination of the Look AHEAD Intensive Lifestyle Intervention in the United States Military: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: The purpose of this study, "Fit Blue," was to compare a translation of the Look AHEAD (Action for Heath in Diabetes) intensive lifestyle intervention with a self-paced version of the same intervention among active duty military personnel.

Methods: Active duty military personnel (N = 248; 49% male, 34% racial minority) with overweight or obesity were randomized to 12-month distance-based (i.e.

Characteristics Associated With Participation in a Behavioral Weight Loss Randomized Control Trial in the U.S. Military.

Introduction: Effective recruitment and subsequent enrollment of diverse populations is often a challenge in randomized controlled trials, especially those focused on weight loss. In the civilian literature, individuals identified as racial and ethnic minorities, men, and younger and older adults are poorly represented in weight loss interventions. There are limited weight loss trials within military populations, and to our knowledge, none reported participant characteristics associated with enrollment.

Performance of the inFLUenza Patient-Reported Outcome (FLU-PRO) diary in patients with influenza-like illness (ILI).

Background: The inFLUenza Patient Reported Outcome (FLU-PRO) measure is a daily diary assessing signs/symptoms of influenza across six body systems: Nose, Throat, Eyes, Chest/Respiratory, Gastrointestinal, Body/Systemic, developed and tested in adults with influenza.

Objectives: This study tested the reliability, validity, and responsiveness of FLU-PRO scores in adults with influenza-like illness (ILI).

Methods: Data from the prospective, observational study used to develop and test the FLU-PRO in influenza virus positive patients were analyzed.

Cause-specific mortality in the Kombewa health and demographic surveillance systems site, rural Western Kenya from 2011-2015.

Background: The vast majority of deaths in the health and Kombewa demographic surveillance system (HDSS) study area are not registered and reported through official systems of vital registration. As a result, few data are available regarding causes of death in this population.

Objectives: To describe causes of death among residents of all ages in the Kombewa HDSS, located in rural Western Kenya.

Reliability, Validity, and Responsiveness of InFLUenza Patient-Reported Outcome (FLU-PRO©) Scores in Influenza-Positive Patients.

Objectives: To assess the reliability, validity, and responsiveness of InFLUenza Patient-Reported Outcome (FLU-PRO©) scores for quantifying the presence and severity of influenza symptoms.

Methods: An observational prospective cohort study of adults (≥18 years) with influenza-like illness in the United States, the United Kingdom, Mexico, and South America was conducted. Participants completed the 37-item draft FLU-PRO daily for up to 14 days.

Management of Acute Diarrheal Illness During Deployment: A Deployment Health Guideline and Expert Panel Report.

Background: Acute diarrheal illness during deployment causes significant morbidity and loss of duty days. Effective and timely treatment is needed to reduce individual, unit, and health system performance impacts.

Methods: This critical appraisal of the literature, as part of the development of expert consensus guidelines, asked several key questions related to self-care and healthcare-seeking behavior, antibiotics for self-treatment of travelers' diarrhea, what antibiotics/regimens should be considered for treatment of acute watery diarrhea and febrile diarrhea and/or dysentery, and when and what laboratory diagnostics should be used to support management of deployment-related travelers' diarrhea.

Service Member Completion of Laboratory Follow-Up After Emergency Transfusion With Freshly Collected Blood Products.

Background: Transfusion of freshly collected blood products (FCBP) is sometimes necessary to save service member (SM) lives in austere deployed environments. Recipients of FCBPs are administratively tracked and offered serial serologic testing via the Armed Services Blood Program "Blood Look Back" (BLB) program to assure early detection of post-transfusion infections.

Objectives: This study evaluates demographic and clinical features influencing SM completion of recommended BLB laboratory follow-up after transfusion with FCBPs.

Epidemiologic, clinical, and virologic characteristics of human rhinovirus infection among otherwise healthy children and adults: rhinovirus among adults and children.

Background: human rhinovirus (HRV) is a major cause of influenza-like illness (ILI) in adults and children. Differences in disease severity by HRV species have been described among hospitalized patients with underlying illness. Less is known about the clinical and virologic characteristics of HRV infection among otherwise healthy populations, particularly adults.

Dissemination of the Look AHEAD intensive lifestyle intervention in the United States Air Force: study rationale, design and methods.

Background: Despite an increase in overweight and obesity similar to the civilian population, there have been few randomized controlled trials examining behavioral weight management interventions in the military settings.

Purpose: This paper describes the design, intervention development and analysis plan of the Fit Blue study, a randomized controlled behavioral weight loss trial taking place in the United States Air Force.

Design: This study compares two adapted versions of the efficacious Look AHEAD Intensive Lifestyle Intervention (ILI), a counselor-initiated condition and a self-paced condition.