Food, nutrition and sustainability education in Australian primary schools: a cross-sectional analysis of teacher perspectives and practices.

Background: Healthy eating patterns from sustainable food systems are crucial for population and planetary health. Primary schools are opportune settings for teaching children about food, nutrition and sustainability (FNS) though little is known about the delivery of FNS education in this sector. This study aimed to analyse current approaches to FNS education in Australian primary schools.

Food consumption in Brazil: influence of beef on environmental impact and nutritional quality of the diet.

Objective: To estimate beef consumption and its influence on carbon and water footprints, as well as to improve the nutritional quality of the Brazilian diet.

Methods: The amount of beef and other foods consumed was evaluated by two 24-hour food records in a representative sample of the Brazilian population ≥ 10 years of age (n = 32,853) from 2008 to 2009. The environmental impact of the diet considered the coefficients of the carbon footprint (gCO2 and/kg) and the water footprint (liters/kg) of the foods, as well as their nutritional quality considering the nutrient composition of each food associated with the prevention of nutritional deficiencies or the increase/decrease in chronic disease risk.

Ultra-processed food intake and diet carbon and water footprints: a national study in Brazil.

Objective: To study the association between ultra-processed food consumption and carbon and water footprints of the Brazilian diet.

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis on data collected in 2008-2009 on a probabilistic sample of the Brazilian population aged ≥ 10 years (n = 32,886). Individual food intake was assessed using two 24-hour food records, on non-consecutive days.

Carbon footprint of the Brazilian diet.

Objective: To estimate the carbon footprint of the Brazilian diet and of sociodemographic strata of this population.

Methods: Carbon footprint of the diet was estimated based on data from two 24-hour diet records, obtained in 2008 and 2009, from a probabilistic sample of the Brazilian population aged 10 years and over (n = 34,003) and on environmental impact coefficients of food and culinary preparations consumed in Brazil (gCO2e/kg). Means with 95% confidence intervals of food consumption (kcal/person/day) and the carbon footprint of the diet (gCO2e/person/day and in gCO2e/2,000kcal) were calculated for the population as a whole and for strata according to sex, age, income, education, macro-regions and Federative Unit.

Identifying tobacco retailers in the absence of a licensing system: lessons from Australia.

Objectives: To estimate the proportion of retailers that sell tobacco in the absence of appropriate local government oversight, and to describe the characteristics by which they differ from those that can expect to receive such oversight.

Methods: A database of listed tobacco retailers was obtained from a regional Victorian local government. Potential unlisted tobacco retailers were added using online searches, and attempts to visit all retailers were undertaken.

Associations between dietary patterns and blood pressure in a sample of Australian adults.

Background: Investigating effects of whole diets on blood pressure (BP) can contribute to development of diet-based recommendations for health. Our aim was to assess the relationship between dietary patterns and BP in a sample of free-living Australian adults.

Methods: Usual dietary patterns of participants recruited to dietary intervention studies were assessed using factor analysis (two 24-h recalls).

Mediation Analysis as a Means of Identifying Dietary Components That Differentially Affect the Fecal Microbiota of Infants Weaned by Modified Baby-Led and Traditional Approaches.

The introduction of "solids" (i.e., complementary foods) to the milk-only diet in early infancy affects the development of the gut microbiota.