Incredible use of plant-derived bioactives as anticancer agents.

Cancer is a major global concern. Despite considerable advancements in cancer therapy and control, there are still large gaps and requirements for development. In recent years, various naturally occurring anticancer drugs have been derived from natural resources, such as alkaloids, glycosides, terpenes, terpenoids, flavones, and polyphenols.

Managing Arrhythmias in Cardiogenic Shock: Insights Into Milrinone and Dobutamine Therapy.

Shock is a state of inadequate perfusion that affects vital organs. Cardiogenic shock (CS) predisposes patients to various arrhythmias. The adverse effect depends on intervention and pharmacogenomics.

Oral Dydrogesterone Versus Oral Micronized Progesterone in Threatened Miscarriage: Protocol Paper for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Threatened miscarriage is a common complication of early pregnancy characterized by symptoms of vaginal bleeding with/without abdominal cramps/pain in the first trimester. Progestogens are often administered for management of this condition. Presented herein is the protocol of an ongoing, multicentric clinical trial to investigate the efficacy and safety of micronized progesterone (natural progestogen) compared to dydrogesterone (synthetic isomer of progesterone).

Orofacial Cleft and Its Association with Consanguineous Marriage and Other Risk Factors: A Case-control Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Jammu Province.

Background: Orofacial cleft is among the most common craniofacial malformations. It presents a complex and multifactorial etiology that involves genetic and environmental factors. One of the etiological factors is consanguinity (marriage between blood relatives).

Gender bias in acute myocardial infarction care in India: Nationwide retrospective study of 41832 patients.

Background: Various studies have documented gender differences in the management and outcomes of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in developed countries. Gender differences in the management of AMI in India is not known.

Objectives: To document the gender differences in the management and outcomes of AMI in India.

The Reality of Evaluating Urine Spot Sodium and Urine Spot Sodium Creatinine Ratio in Furosemide Stress Test as a New Biomarker in Diagnosing Progressive AKI in Critically Ill.

Chatterjee R, Gupta L. The Reality of Evaluating Urine Spot Sodium and Urine Spot Sodium Creatinine Ratio in Furosemide Stress Test as a New Biomarker in Diagnosing Progressive AKI in Critically Ill. Indian J Crit Care Med 2024;28(12):1089-1090.

Bone and Joint Involvement in Beta Thalassemic Patients: A Cross-sectional Study.

Purpose: There is paucity of guidelines with inadequate data available about the extent and prevention of bone and joint disease in beta-thalassemic patients in Indian population. This study aims to determine bone and joint involvement in beta-thalassemic patients. It evaluates serum biochemical parameters of bone formation and resorption and correlates with the symptomatology in these patients.

GLP-1, GIP/GLP-1, and GCGR/GLP-1 receptor agonists: Novel therapeutic agents for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.

The global prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is estimated at 32.4%, reflecting its growing clinical significance. MASLD, which includes MASLD and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) has been linked to increased metabolic, cardiovascular, and malignant morbidity.

Balancing bleeding, thrombosis and myocardial injury: A call for balance and precision medicine for aspirin in neurosurgery.

Perioperative management of antiplatelet therapy involves a delicate balancing of the risk of periprocedural blood loss with the cardiovascular and thrombotic risk to the patient. Due to the unique nature of neurosurgery, perioperative bleeding may have devastating consequences and cause major morbidity and mortality. The recommendation to discontinue aspirin prior to major neurosurgical procedures rests upon conventional practice, expert consensus with priority given to avoidance of any major bleed.

Transition from point A to volume based image guided brachytherapy across a network of centers in India through workshop and mentoring.

Aim: To demonstrate how workshop and mentoring across a network of radiotherapy centers helped in transitioning from point A to volume-based image guided brachytherapy in carcinoma cervix.

Materials And Methods: Based on discussion with different centers across the network, the lapses in cervical cancer treatment were identified and a workshop was designed to change the practice pattern. The main focus of the workshop was to streamline EBRT dose prescription protocols and implement volume based image guided brachytherapy through mentoring and hands on training.

The Hygienic Significance of Microbiota and Probiotics for Human Wellbeing.

The human body can be viewed as a combination of ecological niches inhabited by trillions of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites, all united by the microbiota concept. Human health largely depends on the nature of these relationships and how they are built and maintained. However, personal hygiene practices have historically been focused on the wholesale elimination of pathogens and "hygiene-challenging microorganisms" without considering the collateral damage to beneficial and commensal species.

Role of intestinal glucagon-like peptide-1 in impaired counter-regulatory responses to hypoglycemia.

Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) experience multiple episodes of hypoglycemia, resulting in dysfunctional counter-regulatory responses with time. The recent experimental study by Jin explored the role of intestinal glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in impaired counter-regulatory responses to hypoglycemia. They identified intestinal GLP-1 along with GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) as the new key players linked with impaired counter-regulatory responses to hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetic mice.

Proposed Algorithm for the Diagnosis and Management of Functional Dyspepsia in India.

Disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI), formerly known as functional bowel disorders, encompass a diverse array of conditions and symptoms that may manifest in different parts of the gastrointestinal tract. Some of the most prevalent DGBIs include functional dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome, functional constipation, functional diarrhea, and functional bloating and distension. Around 80% of patients with dyspepsia have no identifiable organic cause and are labeled as functional dyspepsia.

Synthesis, characterization, biological activities, and computational studies of pyrazolyl-thiazole derivatives of thiophene.

This study reports the synthesis, characterization, and biological evaluation of a series of pyrazolyl-thiazole derivatives of thiophene. Seven compounds were synthesized and characterized using NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The antimicrobial activities of these derivatives were evaluated against various bacterial (, , , ) and fungal strains (, , , ), demonstrating significant inhibition zones and low minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC).

Evaluation of efficacy of two bag-mask ventilation techniques by novice airway providers: Two-handed CE versus dominant-hand CE-non-dominant-hand thenar eminence techniques - A randomised controlled trial.

Background And Aims: The conventional CE clamp technique may not effectively provide bag-mask ventilation (BMV) in the hands of inexperienced providers. Hence, we compared the efficacy of two-handed CE versus a hybrid technique.

Methods: One hundred thirty-two American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I-II adult patients were randomised into groups A and B.

Unveiling the Involvement of Herpes Simplex Virus-1 in Alzheimer's Disease: Possible Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications.

Viruses pose a significant challenge and threat to human health, as demonstrated by the current COVID-19 pandemic. Neurodegeneration, particularly in the case of Alzheimer's disease (AD), is significantly influenced by viral infections. AD is a neurodegenerative disease that affects people of all ages and poses a significant threat to millions of individuals worldwide.

Improving process aspect of oral examination as assessment tool in undergraduate biochemistry by introducing structured oral examination: an observational study in India based on a survey among stakeholders.

Purpose: The traditional method of oral examination, though a good tool for assessing the depth and breadth of student's knowledge, has its shortcomings. A variable number of questions with variable difficulty levels by different examiners with different expectations can introduce bias in scores. The process aspect of oral examinations of first-year undergraduate medical students was improved by structuring them and by creating uniformity in the number, time, and difficulty level of questions for assessment, and feedback was taken regarding its acceptance as an improved tool of assessment.

Ethnopharmacological Perspective for Treatment of Epilepsy: An Updated Review.

Plants have been used as healing agents since humanity began. This review presents the plant profiles inhabiting the world regarding their traditional usage by various tribes/ethnic groups for the treatment of epilepsy. The bibliographic investigation was carried out by analyzing standard reference textbooks, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Scopus, Medline, Web of Science, and PubMed databases.

Dual-chamber pacing confers better myocardial performance and improves clinical outcomes compared to single-chamber pacing.

The deleterious effects of long term right ventricular pacing are increasingly being recognized today. Current clinical practice favors the implantation of dual-chamber permanent pacemaker which maintains atrioventricular synchrony and is associated with better quality of life. However, despite the popular belief and common sense surrounding the superiority of dual-chamber pacing over single chamber pacing, the same has never been conclusively verified in clinical trials.

Delirium due to any cause is associated with higher resource utilization in patients undergoing liver transplantation: analysis of the National Inpatient Sample.

Objective: The only curative treatment for patients with end-stage liver disease (ESLD) is liver transplantation (LT). Patients with ESLD can develop delirium due to multiple etiologies. In this study, we aimed to assess the prevalence and impact of delirium on outcomes and resource utilization among hospitalized patients undergoing LT.