Establishing criterion validity for the Revised Critical Nutrition Literacy Tool in U.S. college students.

Background: Critical nutrition literacy (CNL) plays an important role in how college students make everyday decisions about nutrition choices. Increasing CNL is an aim of many introductory nutrition courses, but there are limited instruments measuring this construct. This study aimed to assess the changeability of CNL and the relationship between CNL and markers of diet quality in young adults.

Dyadic Analysis of a Self-report Physical Activity Measure for Adult-Youth Dyads.

Adult physical activity levels influence youth physical activity levels, but the nature of this relationship is still unknown. Most research focusing on this topic has been conducted with accelerometers, which are ideal since self-report physical activity measures can be biased. However, self-report measures for physical activity are useful to include in studies to gather information at low-cost.

Glandular Trichome-Derived Mono- and Sesquiterpenes of Tomato Have Contrasting Roles in the Interaction with the Potato Aphid Macrosiphum euphorbiae.

Secondary metabolites produced in glandular trichomes of tomato are involved in interactions with herbivores. In cultivated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) glandular trichomes accumulate a blend of abundant monoterpenes and smaller amounts of a few sesquiterpenes. These mono- and sesquiterpenes are synthesized by three terpene synthases, TPS20 as well as TPS9 and TPS12, respectively.

The Stockman's Scorecard: quantitative evaluation of beef cattle stockmanship.

An animal's action, or inaction, is the direct result of a stockman's action or inaction. The Stockman's Scorecard is a novel observation instrument that has been proven to be a valid and reliable tool to measure the quality of beef cattle stockmanship. Specific handler actions have been weighted based on their perceived negative relationship to cattle stress from handling.

The occurrence and transport of microplastics: The state of the science.

Microplastic (MP) particles have been observed in most environments and concentrations are expected to increase over the coming decades given continued and increased production of synthetic polymer products. The expected increase in plastic pollution (including MPs) may elevate the risk posed by these synthetic particles to both environmental and human health. The purpose of this review is to provide a review of the state of knowledge regarding the occurrence and transport of MPs in and across three of the Earths subsystems, specifically, the lithosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere.

Glandular trichome-derived sesquiterpenes of wild tomato accessions (Solanum habrochaites) affect aphid performance and feeding behavior.

Glandular trichomes of tomato produce a number of secondary metabolites including terpenes that contribute to host plant resistance against pests. While glandular trichomes of cultivated tomato Solanum lycopersicum primarily accumulate a monoterpene blend, those of wild tomato species like Solanum habrochaites produce various sesquiterpenes. Previous studies have shown that glandular trichome derived terpenes in cultivated and wild tomato species have repellent and toxic activity against multiple biting-chewing herbivores.

Accuracy of self-reported BMI using objective measurement in high school students.

Self-reported measures for body mass index (BMI) are considered a limitation in research design, especially when they are a primary outcome. Studies have found some populations to be quite accurate when self-reporting BMI; however, there is mixed research on the accuracy of self-reported measurements in adolescents. The aim of this study is to examine the accuracy of self-reported BMI by comparing it with measured BMI in a sample of U.

Successful weight loss after bariatric surgery in Appalachian state regardless of food access ranking score.

Background: Following bariatric surgery, an explicit dietary regimen is required to facilitate and maintain successful weight loss. Without adequate access to healthy foods, weight maintenance can be hindered.

Objective: Examine influence degree of food access has on Appalachian bariatric surgery patient weight loss outcomes.

Food Insecurity Is Associated with Increased Risk of Obesity in US College Students.

Background: Food insecurity affects millions of Americans and college students are especially vulnerable. Little is known about the relation of food insecurity with weight status and dietary intake during this critical phase of emerging adulthood.

Objectives: We aimed to examine the sex-specific associations of food insecurity with obesity and dietary intake among college students.

Experiential Application of a Culinary Medicine Cultural Immersion Program for Health Professionals.

Nutrition is a key factor in preventing and treating long-term disease. Patients should be advised to follow evidence-based dietary patterns, such as the Mediterranean diet, which has shown success in preventing or managing a variety of long-term diseases. All health professionals can play a role in providing nutrition advice to patients; however, many have shown an overall low nutrition knowledge and self-efficacy in counseling patients.

Rapid Dissemination of College Food Insecurity Findings in A Multi-Institutional Study Using the eB4CAST Approach.

The sharing of college food insecurity data with higher education administrators and stakeholders is essential to increase awareness of campus-specific food insecurity outcomes. This study utilized the evidence-Based forecast C-capture, A-assemble, S-sustain, T-timelessness (eB4CAST) approach to develop campus-specific food insecurity reports for researchers involved in a multi-institutional food insecurity study. eB4CAST reports were developed for each higher education institution ( = 22).

Behavioral problems may be associated with multilevel lumbosacral stenosis in military working dogs.

Behavioral and spinal problems have been reported to be important causes of early retirement in military working dogs, however studies on possible relationships between these two problems are currently lacking. The aim of this retrospective, observational, cross-sectional study was to test associations between reported behavioral problems and computed tomographic (CT) diagnoses of lumbosacral (LS) stenosis in a sample of military working dogs. .

Using Immersive Virtual Environments (IVEs) to Conduct Environmental Design Research: A Primer and Decision Framework.

Purpose: We propose a methodological framework to use immersive virtual environments (IVEs) in head-mounted displays for environmental design research.

Background: IVEs offer researchers with experimental control and realistic representations of environments with high levels of ecological validity. IVEs are also increasingly being used to visualize proposed designs.

Life of a vegetarian college student: Health, lifestyle, and environmental perceptions.

To examine health behavior and environmental perception differences among vegetarian and nonvegetarian students. First-year university students (n = 1078) from eight United States universities. : Data were obtained from base 2015 and followup 2016 assessments.

UNDERSTANDING PROLACTIN REGULATION AND DETERMINING THE EFFICACY OF CABERGOLINE AND DOMPERIDONE TO MITIGATE PROLACTIN-ASSOCIATED OVARIAN CYCLE PROBLEMS IN ZOO AFRICAN ELEPHANTS ( ).

Perturbations in serum prolactin secretion, both over- and underproduction, are observed in zoo African elephants () that exhibit abnormal ovarian cycles. Similar prolactin problems are associated with infertility in other species. Pituitary prolactin is held under constant inhibition by a hypothalamic-derived neurotransmitter, dopamine; thus, regulation by exogenous treatment with agonists or antagonists may be capable of reinitiating normal ovarian cycles.

A comparison of wetland characteristics between Agricultural Conservation Easement Program and public lands wetlands in West Virginia, USA.

In West Virginia, USA, there are 24 conservation easement program wetlands enrolled in the Agricultural Conservation Easement Program (ACEP). These wetlands are located on private agricultural land and are passively managed. Due to their location within fragmented agricultural areas, wetlands enrolled in ACEP in West Virginia have the potential to add wetland ecosystem services in areas that are lacking these features.

Psychological Diagnoses and Weight Loss among Appalachian Bariatric Surgery Patients.

Background: The relationship between presurgical psychopathology and weight loss following bariatric surgery is complex; previous research has yielded mixed results. The current study investigates the relationship among presurgical mental health diagnoses, symptom severity, and weight loss outcomes in an Appalachian population, where obesity-related comorbidities are prominent.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on bariatric surgery patients in an accredited Appalachian centered academic hospital in northern West Virginia between 2013 and 2015 ( = 347).

Roles of Vegetable Surface Properties and Sanitizer Type on Annual Disease Burden of Rotavirus Illness by Consumption of Rotavirus-Contaminated Fresh Vegetables: A Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment.

Enteric viruses are often detected in water used for crop irrigation. One concern is foodborne viral disease via the consumption of fresh produce irrigated with virus-contaminated water. Although the food industry routinely uses chemical sanitizers to disinfect post-harvest fresh produce, it remains unknown how sanitizer and fresh produce properties affect the risk of viral illness through fresh produce consumption.

Learn first, practice second approach to increase health professionals' nutrition-related knowledge, attitudes and self-efficacy.

Health professionals generally have positive attitudes towards the role of nutrition in medicine, but limited knowledge and low self-efficacy for incorporating it into routine care. To assess the effectiveness of a "learn first, practice second" intervention on the nutrition-related knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy of multidisciplinary health professionals, the present approach consisted of 16 weeks of online education and 2 weeks of cultural immersion in Tuscany, Italy. Data was captured via online surveys at Baseline, Post-education, Post-immersion, and Follow Up.

Higher Education Food Insecurity Toolkit Development and Feedback.

Objective: Develop and gain feedback on a food insecurity toolkit for higher education institutions to provide food insecurity programming on campus that will promote a food-secure campus environment.

Methods: A search of the literature was completed by 2 researchers to develop the toolkit. The toolkit was assessed using an online 27 item open- and close-ended survey.

Incorporating Technology Into the iCook 4-H Program, a Cooking Intervention for Adults and Children: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Families who cook, eat, and play together have been found to have more positive health outcomes. Interventions are needed that effectively increase these health-related behaviors. Technology is often incorporated in health-related interventions but is not always independently assessed.

A Multi-Year Examination of Gardening Experience and Fruit and Vegetable Intake During College.

Gardening has been positively associated with fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption based on short-term studies among children, but long-term data among adolescents and young adults are lacking. This investigation sought to elucidate the association between gardening experience and FV intake among college students over a two-year period. Students ( = 593) from eight universities were assessed at the end of their freshman (Y1) and sophomore (Y2) years during the springs of 2016 and 2017, respectively.

Arabidopsis MATE45 antagonizes local abscisic acid signaling to mediate development and abiotic stress responses.

Anthocyanins provide ideal visual markers for the identification of mutations that disrupt molecular responses to abiotic stress. We screened mutants of ABC (ATP-Binding Cassette) and MATE (Multidrug And Toxic compound Extrusion) transporter genes under nutritional stress and identified four genes (,, and ) required for normal anthocyanin pigmentation. was previously demonstrated to encode a vascular-localized cellular exporter of abscisic acid (ABA).

Monetary Cost of the MyPlate Diet in Young Adults: Higher Expenses Associated with Increased Fruit and Vegetable Consumption.

Background: Cost is a commonly reported barrier to healthy eating. This is a secondary research analysis designed to examine the food expenditures of young adults on a university campus following the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) MyPlate guidelines for fruits and vegetables.

Methods: Meal receipts and dietary intake were recorded weekly.