Long-term safety of lentiviral or gammaretroviral gene-modified T cell therapies.

Long-term risks of gene therapy are not fully understood. In this study, we evaluated safety outcomes in 783 patients over more than 2,200 total patient-years of observation from 38 T cell therapy trials. The trials employed integrating gammaretroviral or lentiviral vectors to deliver engineered receptors to target HIV-1 infection or cancer.

Aboriginal Community Controlled Organisations Leading the Way in Child Health Research.

Historically, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander research in Australia has adhered to Western research paradigms and contributed to the adverse impacts of colonisation. However, recent developments driven by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people and scholars, and development of ethical guidelines for research, have promoted a more inclusive and collaborative research landscape. In this study, published papers and internal documents arising from a long-term partnership between Marninwarntikura Women's Resource Centre (MWRC) and the University of Sydney (USYD) from 2009 to 2023 were analysed using the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Quality Appraisal Tool and consultations with project partners.

Does a Simple Blood Gas Analysis and the Clinical Impression Predict Trauma-Induced Coagulopathy?

Objectives:  Trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC) is common in severely injured patients and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality.

Method:  The association of two parameters of blood gas analysis (hemoglobin [Hb], base excess [BE]) with standard coagulation tests (SCTs) and rotational thrombelastometry (ROTEM) using the database of the TraumaRegister DGU between 2015 and 2022 was studied. In a stepwise approach, the occurrence of a TIC, the correlations between Hb/BE levels and SCT, as well as ROTEM were calculated respectively.

Unleashing the innate ability of Escherichia coli to produce D-Allose.

D-allose is a rare monosaccharide, found naturally in low abundances. Due to its low-calorie profile and similar taste to sucrose, D-allose has the potential to become an ideal sugar substitute. D-allose also displays unique properties and health benefits that can be applied to various fields, including food and medicine.

Sacubitril/valsartan attenuates inflammation and myocardial fibrosis in Takotsubo-like cardiomyopathy.

Background: Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) primarily manifests as a cardiomyopathy induced by physical or emotional stress, remains a poorly understood condition with no established treatments. In this study, we investigated the potential of sacubitril/valsartan (sac/val) to increase the survival of TTS patients and reduce inflammation and myocardial fibrosis in experimental models.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate whether sac/val could improve survival rates in TTS patients, mitigate cardiac remodeling in vivo, and explore its anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic mechanisms in vitro.

Motives of Peer Volunteers Aged Over 50 in Physical Activity Programs: A Scoping Review.

Peer-volunteering schemes can facilitate health improvement via increasing physical activity levels. Understanding what motivates peer volunteers is valuable for the feasibility of volunteering schemes. This scoping review aims to explore the motivations of peer volunteers aged over 50 who participate in programs that promote physical activity.

Morphologic and immunohistochemical characterization of small and large duct cholangiocarcinomas in a Western cohort: A panel of pCEA, CRP, N-cadherin, and albumin in situ hybridization aids in subclassification.

Two morphologic subtypes of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA), small duct and large duct, are now recognized, and importantly, these subtypes are associated with distinct molecular pathways and therapeutic options. Initial studies demonstrated the feasibility of morphologic subclassification and helped characterize the immunoprofile of the subtypes. However, few studies have been undertaken in Western countries where incidence of the subtypes is likely distinct from that in the East.

Critical reproductive behaviors in Scaled Quail and Northern Bobwhite are affected by thermal variability and mean temperature.

Animals can respond differently to shifting thermal variability versus thermal averages, both of which are changing due to climate warming. How these thermal variables affect parental care behaviors can reveal the ability of parents to modify their behaviors to meet the competing demands of their offspring's thermal needs and self-maintenance, which becomes critical in suboptimal thermal conditions. Further, the time frame used to examine the interplay between temperature and behavioral shifts (e.

Efficacy and Safety of Sulforaphane Added to Antipsychotics for the Treatment of Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

There are few established treatments for negative symptoms in schizophrenia, which persist in many patients after positive symptoms are reduced. Oxidative stress, inflammation, and epigenetic modifications involving histone deacetylase (HDAC) have been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Sulforaphane has antioxidant properties and is an HDAC inhibitor.

Retrograde thrombosis of the superficial sylvian vein following liquid adhesive hemostat use during craniotomy: illustrative case.

Background: Intravascular injection of liquid adhesive hemostats is a rare but serious complication that can result in cerebral thromboembolism.

Observations: A 64-year-old female underwent orbitozygomatic craniotomy for posterior communicating artery aneurysm clipping with the routine use of a flowable hemostatic agent during extradural dissection. After placement of the aneurysm clip, flow was confirmed through the parent vessel and nearby branches.

D dopamine / mu opioid receptor interactions in operant conditioning assays of pain-depressed responding and drug-induced rate suppression, and a conditioned place preference procedure: assessment of therapeutic index in male Sprague Dawley rats.

Rationale And Objectives: In vivo receptor interactions vary as a function of behavioral endpoint, with key differences between reflexive and non-reflexive measures that assess the motivational aspects of pain and pain relief. There have been no assessments of D dopamine agonist / mu opioid receptor (MOR) agonist interactions in non-reflexive behavioral measures of pain. We examined the hypothesis that D/MOR mixtures show enhanced effectiveness in blocking pain depressed behaviors while showing decreased side effects such as sedation and drug reward.

Prospective Harmonization, Common Data Elements, and Sharing Strategies for Multicenter Pre-Clinical Traumatic Brain Injury Research in the Translational Outcomes Project in Neurotrauma Consortium.

Effective team science requires procedural harmonization for rigor and reproducibility. Multicenter studies across experimental modalities (domains) can help accelerate translation. The Translational Outcomes Project in NeuroTrauma (TOP-NT) is a pre-clinical traumatic brain injury (TBI) consortium charged with establishing and validating noninvasive TBI assessment tools through team science.

Breastfeeding Among First-Time Mothers Reporting Housing Insecurity and Food Insecurity.

Despite health benefits to both infants and mothers, many are not breastfeeding as recommended by national guidelines. Prior studies examining the effects of housing insecurity and food insecurity on breastfeeding intention and duration have been limited and yielded mixed findings. To assess the relationship among housing insecurity, food insecurity, and breastfeeding, we conducted a secondary analysis of a cohort of nulliparous U.

Analysis of Platelet Morphological Parameters as Clinical Risk Stratification in Acute Coronary Syndrome.

Background: Platelet activation plays a central role in the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Platelet morphological parameters, including MPV, PDW, and P-LCR, are emerging as biomarkers for predicting the severity of ACS and prognosis.

Aims: This study aims to assess the relationship between these parameters and coronary severity and to evaluate their predicting adverse outcomes.

Impacts of Weather Anomalies and Climate on Plant Disease.

Predicting the effects of climate change on plant disease is critical for protecting ecosystems and food production. Here, we show how disease pressure responds to short-term weather, historical climate and weather anomalies by compiling a global database (4339 plant-disease populations) of disease prevalence in both agricultural and wild plant systems. We hypothesised that weather and climate would play a larger role in disease in wild versus agricultural plant populations, which the results supported.

Retrospective evaluation of acid-base analysis in dogs and cats with diabetic ketosis (2017-2021): 96 cases.

Objective: To describe the acid-base balance of diabetic animals with ketosis and to identify underlying mechanisms of acid-base changes using semiquantitative analysis.

Design: Retrospective study.

Setting: University teaching hospital.

Determination of reference intervals of venous blood gas and acid-base parameters in clinically healthy awake cats.

Background: Venous blood gas and acid-base analysis is often performed in cats and requires appropriate reference intervals (RIs) for interpretation. The currently available RIs were created from small numbers of cats, while current guidelines suggest that a minimum number of 40 samples is required for the creation of an accurate/appropriate RI.

Key Findings: In 41 healthy awake cats, pH, PCO, PO, sodium, potassium, ionized calcium, chloride, glucose, and plasma lactate concentrations were measured, while bicarbonate, standardized base excess, and anion gap were calculated.

Testing an integrated approach for managing roof rats in citrus orchards.

Background: Roof rats (Rattus rattus) are a substantial pest throughout citrus crops, yet little is known about efficacious, cost-effective strategies to manage this rodent. Therefore, we developed two integrated pest management (IPM) programs that incorporated elevated bait stations containing diphacinone-treated oats and trapping, and we compared those programs to a bait-station only approach to determine which strategies were most practical for the management of roof rats in citrus orchards.

Results: Bait applications substantially reduced rat activity within orchards.

Do delayed responses introduce bias in ecological momentary assessment? Evidence from comparisons between self-reported and objective physical activity.

Introduction: Delayed responses are a common yet often overlooked aspect of participant compliance in ecological momentary assessment (EMA) research. This study investigated whether response delays introduce selection bias in the moments captured by EMA.

Methods: Participants ( = 339) self-reported their physical activity behaviors using EMA five times a day over 7 days while wearing a continuous physical activity monitor.

Challenges in estimating species' age from phylogenetic trees.

Aim: Species age, the elapsed time since origination, can give insight into how species longevity might influence eco-evolutionary dynamics, which has been hypothesized to influence extinction risk. Traditionally, species' ages have been estimated from fossil records. However, numerous studies have recently used the branch lengths of time-calibrated phylogenies as estimates of the ages of extant species.

Training T-shaped translational scientists.

Unlabelled: To evaluate the design of I-Corps@NCATS as a translational scientist training program, we mapped specific elements of the program's content and pedagogy to the characteristics of a translational scientist, as first defined by Gilliland et al. []: systems thinker, process innovator, boundary spanner, team player, and skilled communicator. Using a mixed-methods evaluation, we examined how the I-Corps@NCATS training program, delivered across twenty-two Clinical and Translational Science Award Hubs, impacted the development of these key translational scientist characteristics.

California provider and advocate perspectives about opportunities to optimize nutrition services and resources in the first 1000 days.

Background: Nutrition in the first 1000 days of life, from conception to age 2 years, plays a critical role in shaping offspring's physical and mental development, yet many families from underserved backgrounds suffer from nutrition inequity during this important stage of development. The objective of this study is to assess nutrition services and resources provided to families during the first 1000 days across diverse settings in California.

Methods: A semistructured survey was disseminated to healthcare and educational providers who offer services to pregnant and/or postpartum women and children up to age 2 years.