Educational Exposure to Transgender Patient Care in Otolaryngology Training.

Objective: Gender dysphoria is estimated to occur in over 1 million people in the United States. With decreasing stigma regarding the transgender population, it is likely more patients will seek medical and surgical gender transition as parts of their treatment. However, otolaryngologists may lack training in gender-confirming surgery.

Gallium incorporation into phosphate based glasses: Bulk and thin film properties.

The osteogenic ions Ca, P, Mg, and antimicrobial ion Ga were homogenously dispersed into a 1.45 µm thick phosphate glass coating by plasma assisted sputtering onto commercially pure grade titanium. The objective was to deliver therapeutic ions in orthopaedic/dental implants such as cementeless endoprostheses or dental screws.

Porous calcium phosphate glass microspheres for orthobiologic applications.

Unlabelled: Orthobiologics is a rapidly advancing field utilising cell-based therapies and biomaterials to enable the body to repair and regenerate musculoskeletal tissues. This paper reports on a cost-effective flame spheroidisation process for production of novel porous glass microspheres from calcium phosphate-based glasses to encapsulate and deliver stem cells. Careful selection of the glass and pore-forming agent, along with a manufacturing method with the required processing window enabled the production of porous glass microspheres via a single-stage manufacturing process.

Surgical Complications after Right Hepatectomy for Live Liver Donation: Largest Single-Center Western World Experience.

The authors assessed the incidence, management, and risk factors for postoperative complications after right lobe (RL) live donor hepatectomy in a high-volume center in North America. All donors undergoing an RL live donor hepatectomy between 2000 and 2017 at our institution were included. The primary outcome was the development of complications (both medical and surgical).

Behind the scenes: A medical natural language processing project.

Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) capabilities in medicine can help address many pressing problems in healthcare. However, AI research endeavors in healthcare may not be clinically relevant, may have unrealistic expectations, or may not be explicit enough about their limitations. A diverse and well-functioning multidisciplinary team (MDT) can help identify appropriate and achievable AI research agendas in healthcare, and advance medical AI technologies by developing AI algorithms as well as addressing the shortage of appropriately labeled datasets for machine learning.

Comparing deep learning and concept extraction based methods for patient phenotyping from clinical narratives.

In secondary analysis of electronic health records, a crucial task consists in correctly identifying the patient cohort under investigation. In many cases, the most valuable and relevant information for an accurate classification of medical conditions exist only in clinical narratives. Therefore, it is necessary to use natural language processing (NLP) techniques to extract and evaluate these narratives.

Autologous Fat Grafting in the Treatment of Cleft Lip Volume Asymmetry.

Background: The goal of cleft lip repair is a symmetrical balanced lip with minimal scar. Fat grafting is an established procedure in cosmetic and reconstructive surgery for restoration or correction of contour deformity, volume loss, and improved tissue characteristics. In this study, we evaluated the use of fat grafting in correction of cleft lip volume asymmetry.

Yale school of public health symposium on lifetime exposures and human health: the exposome; summary and future reflections.

The exposome is defined as "the totality of environmental exposures encountered from birth to death" and was developed to address the need for comprehensive environmental exposure assessment to better understand disease etiology. Due to the complexity of the exposome, significant efforts have been made to develop technologies for longitudinal, internal and external exposure monitoring, and bioinformatics to integrate and analyze datasets generated. Our objectives were to bring together leaders in the field of exposomics, at a recent Symposium on "Lifetime Exposures and Human Health: The Exposome," held at Yale School of Public Health.

A collaborative approach to adopting/adapting guidelines - The Australian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for the early years (Birth to 5 years): an integration of physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep.

Background: In 2017, the Australian Government funded the update of the National Physical Activity Recommendations for Children 0-5 years, with the intention that they be an integration of movement behaviours across the 24-h period. The benefit for Australia was that it could leverage research in Canada in the development of their 24-h guidelines for the early years. Concurrently, the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) working group published a model to produce guidelines based on adoption, adaption and/or de novo development using the GRADE evidence-to-decision framework.

Defining Benchmarks in Liver Transplantation: A Multicenter Outcome Analysis Determining Best Achievable Results.

Unlabelled: : This multicentric study of 17 high-volume centers presents 12 benchmark values for liver transplantation. Those values, mostly targeting markers of morbidity, were gathered from 2024 "low risk" cases, and may serve as reference to assess outcome of single or any groups of patients.

Objective: To propose benchmark outcome values in liver transplantation, serving as reference for assessing individual patients or any other patient groups.

Workload of Team Leaders and Team Members During a Simulated Sepsis Scenario.

Objectives: Crisis resource management principles dictate appropriate distribution of mental and/or physical workload so as not to overwhelm any one team member. Workload during pediatric emergencies is not well studied. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration-Task Load Index is a multidimensional tool designed to assess workload validated in multiple settings.

Causes for Pauses During Simulated Pediatric Cardiac Arrest.

Objectives: Pauses in cardiopulmonary resuscitation negatively impact clinical outcomes; however, little is known about the contributing factors. The objective of this study is to determine the frequency, duration, and causes for pauses during cardiac arrest.

Design: This is a secondary analysis of video data collected from a prospective multicenter trial.

Hepatic Hemodynamics and Portal Flow Modulation: The A2ALL Experience.

Objective: A principal aim of the Adult-to-Adult Living Donor Liver Transplantation Cohort Study was to study hepatic blood flow and effect of portal flow modulation on graft outcomes in the setting of increasing use of smaller and left lobe grafts.

Methods: Recipients of 274 living donor liver transplant were enrolled in the Adult-to-Adult Living Donor Liver Transplantation Cohort Study, including 233 (85.0%) right lobes, 40 (14.

Stereotactic body radiotherapy vs. TACE or RFA as a bridge to transplant in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. An intention-to-treat analysis.

Background & Aims: There is limited information on the use of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) as a bridge to liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma and no study comparing its efficacy to transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA). We aimed to ascertain the safety and efficacy of SBRT on an intention-to-treat basis compared with TACE and RFA as a bridge to liver transplantation in a large cohort of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Methods: Outcomes between groups were compared from the time of listing and from the time of transplant.

Liver Transplantation is a Preferable Alternative to Palliative Therapy for Selected Patients with Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background: Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) beyond the traditional criteria (advanced HCC) are typically offered palliation, which is associated with a 3-year survival rate lower than 30%. This study aimed to describe the outcomes for a subset of patients with advanced HCC who satisfied the Extended Toronto Criteria (ETC) and were listed for liver transplantation (LT).

Methods: All patients listed in the Toronto liver transplantation program with HCC beyond both the Milan and University of California, San Francisco criteria were included in this study.

In vivo bone tunnel evaluation of nanoparticle-grafts using an ACL reconstruction rabbit model.

Acellular human gracilis tendons conjugated with gold nanoparticles (AuNP) and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nano-HAp) were used as a graft in an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction rabbit model. The ACLs of 11 New Zealand rabbits were reconstructed using grafts conjugated without nanoparticles, with AuNP only, and with both AuNP and nano-HAp. Semi-quantitative histological scoring of bone tunnel portion of grafts was performed after 14 weeks.

Eight-Hour Continuous Normothermic Ex Vivo Kidney Perfusion Is a Safe Preservation Technique for Kidney Transplantation: A New Opportunity for the Storage, Assessment, and Repair of Kidney Grafts.

Background: Hypothermic kidney storage causes preservation injury and is poorly tolerated by renal grafts. We investigated whether static cold storage (SCS) can be safely replaced with a novel technique of pressure-controlled normothermic ex vivo kidney perfusion (NEVKP) in heart-beating donor kidney transplantation.

Methods: Right kidneys were removed from 30 kg Yorkshire pigs in a model of heart-beating donation and either preserved in cold histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate solution for 8 hours (n = 5), or subjected to 8 hours of pressure-controlled NEVKP (n = 5) followed by renal heterotopic autotransplantation.

Continuous Normothermic Ex Vivo Kidney Perfusion Improves Graft Function in Donation After Circulatory Death Pig Kidney Transplantation.

Background: Donation after circulatory death (DCD) is current clinical practice to increase the donor pool. Deleterious effects on renal graft function are described for hypothermic preservation. Therefore, current research focuses on investigating alternative preservation techniques, such as normothermic perfusion.

Defining Benchmarks for Major Liver Surgery: A multicenter Analysis of 5202 Living Liver Donors.

Objective: To measure and define the best achievable outcome after major hepatectomy.

Background: No reference values are available on outcomes after major hepatectomies. Analysis in living liver donors, with safety as the highest priority, offers the opportunity to define outcome benchmarks as the best possible results.

Patterns of Early Allograft Dysfunction in Adult Live Donor Liver Transplantation: The A2ALL Experience.

Background: Early allograft dysfunction (EAD) after living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) has often been attributed to inadequate graft size, and termed small-for-size syndrome. Early allograft dysfunction definitions include a variable constellation of findings, including hyperbilirubinemia, coagulopathy, encephalopathy, and ascites formation. Among putative causes of EAD after LDLT are excessive portal pressure and/or flow.

Canadian Association of General Surgeons position statement: recommendations for surgeons with blood-borne communicable diseases.

The potential for transmission of hematogenously transmitted pathogens during exposure-prone procedures is a clinically important concern to both patients and surgeons. There is inconsistency among regulatory bodies in Canada regarding the management of infection risk among surgeons, particularly with regard to screening and the postexposure management of infected surgeons. The Canadian Association of General Surgeons commissioned a task force to review the evidence regarding the management of blood-borne pathogens and transmission risk during surgical procedures.

Variability in quality of chest compressions provided during simulated cardiac arrest across nine pediatric institutions.

Aim: The variability in quality of CPR provided during cardiac arrest across pediatric institutions is unknown. We aimed to describe the degree of variability in the quality of CPR across 9 pediatric institutions, and determine if variability across sites would be affected by Just-in-Time CPR training and/or visual feedback during simulated cardiac arrest.

Methods: We conducted secondary analyses of data collected from a prospective, multi-center trial.

Defining long-term outcomes with living donor liver transplantation in North America.

Objectives: To compare long-term survival of living donor liver transplant (LDLT) at experienced transplant centers with outcomes of deceased donor liver transplant and identify key variables impacting patient and graft survival.

Background: The Adult-to-Adult Living Donor Liver Transplantation Cohort Study is a prospective multicenter National Institutes of Health study comparing outcomes of LDLT and deceased donor liver transplant and associated risks.

Methods: Mortality and graft failure for 1427 liver recipients (963 LDLT) enrolled in the Adult-to-Adult Living Donor Liver Transplantation Cohort Study who received transplant between January 1, 1998, and January 31, 2014, at 12 North American centers with median follow-up 6.