Evaluating HPV Vaccination-Related Content on a Burgeoning Social Media Platform: Insufficient Quality of TikTok.

Objective: Assessing the quality of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination-related content on TikTok is crucial due to its popularity among adolescents. We assessed these videos while comparing the content and quality of videos with and without physician involvement.

Study Design: Cross-sectional cohort analysis.

Estimating net bone formation relative to resorption using reference bone turnover markers.

Context: Individually, bone resorption or formation markers do not reflect bone balance.

Objective: 1) Combine reference bone resorption (collagen type I C-telopeptide, CTX) and formation (procollagen type I propeptide, PINP) markers to estimate balance by creating a bone balance index (BBI); 2) Examine associations of BBI, CTX, or PINP with bone mineral density (BMD) change.

Design: Mixed effects linear regression quantified associations of BBI, CTX, or PINP with BMD change rate.

The Global Kidney Patient Trials Network and the CAPTIVATE Platform Clinical Trial Design: A Trial Protocol.

Importance: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health priority affecting almost 1 billion people. New therapeutic options and clinical trial innovations such as adaptive platform trials provide an opportunity to efficiently test combination therapies.

Objective: To describe the design and baseline results of the Global Kidney Patient Trials Network (GKPTN) and the design and structure of the global adaptive platform clinical trial Chronic Kidney Disease Adaptive Platform Trial Investigating Various Agents for Therapeutic Effect (CAPTIVATE) to find new therapeutic options and treatments for people with kidney disease.

Surgical Timing for Patients with Thyroid Eye Disease Treated with Teprotumumab: A Collaborative Multicenter Study.

Purpose: To compare regression rates, characteristics, and surgical outcomes of thyroid eye disease patients who underwent orbit, strabismus, or eyelid surgery at various times during or after teprotumumab treatment.

Design: Multicenter, retrospective, observational cohort study.

Participants: Adult patients (age >18) with a minimum of 4 infusions of teprotumumab treatment for thyroid eye disease who had had eye surgery during or after treatment.

Corticostriatal maldevelopment in the R6/2 mouse model of juvenile Huntington's disease.

There is a growing consensus that brain development in Huntington's disease (HD) is abnormal, leading to the idea that HD is not only a neurodegenerative but also a neurodevelopmental disorder. Indeed, structural and functional abnormalities have been observed during brain development in both humans and animal models of HD. However, a concurrent study of cortical and striatal development in a genetic model of HD is still lacking.

RELAY: Final Overall Survival for Erlotinib Plus Ramucirumab or Placebo in Untreated, EGFR-Mutated Metastatic NSCLC.

Introduction: RELAY, a global double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study (NCT02411448) found statistically significant improvement in progression-free survival (primary end point) for ramucirumab (RAM) plus erlotinib (ERL) (RAM + ERL) in patients with untreated EGFR-mutated metastatic NSCLC (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.59, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.46-0.

Antimicrobial susceptibilities of oral Neisseria from men on HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis in Hanoi, Vietnam.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Neisseria gonorrhoeae (N. gonorrhoeae) is an urgent global health concern. Commensal Neisseria species in the oropharynx are an important reservoir of AMR genes that are transferred to N.

Surgical management of chronic orchialgia after inguinal hernia repair.

Background: Orchialgia is a rare but significant complication experienced after open and minimally invasive inguinal hernia repairs with or without mesh. Causes have been theorized to include trauma to the spermatic cord, mesh-induced inflammation, vascular insult, fibrosis or mesh scarring of the cord, and neuropathic injury to the autonomic paravasal nerve fibers supplying the testicle. Though less frequently described than inguinodynia, orchialgia can be severely debilitating.

A Novel Machine Learning Model to Predict Revision ACL Reconstruction Failure in the MARS Cohort.

Background: As machine learning becomes increasingly utilized in orthopaedic clinical research, the application of machine learning methodology to cohort data from the Multicenter ACL Revision Study (MARS) presents a valuable opportunity to translate data into patient-specific insights.

Purpose: To apply novel machine learning methodology to MARS cohort data to determine a predictive model of revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (rACLR) graft failure and features most predictive of failure.

Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

pSTAT3 Expression is Increased in Advanced Prostate Cancer in Post-Initiation of Androgen Deprivation Therapy.

Background: The transcription factor Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) plays a role in carcinogenesis and is involved in processes, such as proliferation, differentiation, drug resistance and immunosuppression. STAT3 can be activated by phosphorylation of tyrosine at position 705 (pSTAT3) or serine at 727 (pSTAT3). High expression levels of pSTAT3 are implicated in advanced stages of prostate cancer (PCa) and are known to interact with the androgen receptor signaling pathway.

Alleviation of COVID-19 Symptoms and Reduction in Healthcare Utilization Among High-Risk Patients Treated With Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir (NMV/R): A phase 3 randomized trial.

Background: Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (NMV/r) is an oral antiviral treatment for mild to moderate COVID-19.

Methods: This phase 2/3, double-blind, randomized (1:1) study assessed oral NMV/r 300 mg/100 mg versus placebo every 12 hours for 5 days in high-risk, unvaccinated, nonhospitalized, symptomatic adults with COVID-19 from 343 sites across 21 countries. In testing the primary endpoint of COVID-19‒related hospitalization and all-cause deaths and key secondary endpoints including symptom duration and COVID-19‒related medical visits, Type I error was controlled with prespecified sequential testing and the Hochberg procedure.

Multidimensional Healthcare Access Barriers to Prostate-Specific Antigen Testing: A Nation-Wide Panel Study in the United States From 2006 to 2020.

Background: Rising metastatic prostate cancer incidence has renewed debate regarding benefits of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening. Identifying barriers to accessing screening for individuals at high risk of lethal prostate cancer may slow this rise. We examined associations of access barriers with receipt of PSA testing, stratified by sociodemographic factors.

Race/Ethnic Differences in In-Hospital Mortality after Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Introduction: Stroke mortality has declined, with differential changes by race; stroke is now the 5th leading cause of death overall, but 2nd leading cause of death in Black individuals. Little is known about recent race/ethnic and sex trends in in-hospital mortality after acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and whether system-level factors contribute to possible differences.

Methods: Using the National Inpatient Sample, adults (≥18 years) with a primary diagnosis of AIS from 2006 to 2017 (n = 643,912) were identified.

Temporal Trends in Knowledge of Human Papillomavirus and Associated Oropharyngeal Cancer Following Expanded Vaccination Eligibility.

Objective: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a significant driver of elevated risk for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). In 2018, HPV vaccination eligibility was expanded to men and women aged 27 to 45. We evaluated changes in awareness of HPV, its association with OPSCC, and HPV vaccination among all US adults between 2018 and 2020, focusing on those aged 27 to 45.

Tau seeds catalyze fibril-type structures from GFP tau biosensor cells.

Fibril-type aggregates of tau occur in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dozens of tauopathies. Fibrils catalyze aggregation by prion-like seeding, which in part underlies disease progression. Seeding by recombinant and brain-derived tau fibrils is measured using biosensor cells that express aggregation-prone tau mutants fused with fluorescent reporter proteins.