A scoping review and expert consensus on digital determinants of health.

Objective: To map how social, commercial, political and digital determinants of health have changed or emerged during the recent digital transformation of society and to identify priority areas for policy action.

Methods: We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase and Web of Science on 24 September 2023, to identify eligible reviews published in 2018 and later. To ensure we included the most recent literature, we supplemented our review with non-systematic searches in PubMed® and Google Scholar, along with records identified by subject matter experts.

Health workers' adoption of digital health technology in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the facilitators of and barriers to the acceptance and use of digital health technology by health workers in low- and middle-income countries.

Methods: We searched several databases for relevant articles published until 25 April 2024. We extracted data on four unified theories of acceptance and use of technology factors (performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence and facilitating conditions) and six additional factors (attitude, habit, incentive, risk, trust and self-efficacy); how these affected the outcomes of behavioural intention and actual use; and the strength of association if reported.

Randomized controlled trials of digital health interventions for rheumatic disease management: a systematic review.

Objective: To evaluate the adoption, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of digital health interventions for rheumatic disease management.

Methods: Between 25 May 2024 and 2 June 2024, we systematically searched PubMed®, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov, the Global Observatory for eHealth and the World Bank Open Knowledge Repository for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating digital health interventions for rheumatic disease management.

Implementation of digital HIV services in Guangzhou's primary health-care system, China.

Objective: To describe changes in access to voluntary human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) counselling and testing services following the implementation of a mini-application (app) at primary health-care facilities across Guangzhou, China.

Methods: In 2018, the Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention and the Lingnan Community Support Center co-developed WellTest, a mini-app within the WeChat environment, to address voluntary counselling and testing service needs. The mini-app provides on-demand information for clients, links them to health services, and allows users to provide feedback on health-care quality and share test results with partners.

Peer-to-peer tele-consultative services for critical care, Afghanistan, Kenya, Pakistan, United Republic of Tanzania.

Objective: To develop a tele-intensive care service providing peer-to-peer teleconsultation for physicians in remote and resource-constrained health-care settings for treatment of critically ill patients, and to evaluate the outcomes of the service.

Methods: The Aga Khan University started the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) tele-intensive care unit in 2020. A central command centre used two-way audiovisual technology to connect experienced intensive care specialists to clinical teams in remote hospital settings.

Artificial intelligence, recessionary pressures and population health.

Economic and labour policies have a considerable influence on health and well-being through direct financial impacts, and by shaping social and physical environments. Strong economies are important for public health investment and employment, yet the rapid rise of generative artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to reshape economies, presenting challenges beyond mere temporary market disruption. Generative AI can perform non-routine cognitive tasks, previously unattainable though traditional automation, creating new efficiencies.

Efficacy of rituximab as second-line therapy for autoimmune encephalitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Approximately 20%-50 % of individuals with autoimmune encephalitis (AE) demonstrate suboptimal responses to first-line therapies, leading to persistent neurological deficits and the need for second-line interventions. Although rituximab has shown potential as an alternative treatment in AE, the existing evidence remains insufficient. This study systematically evaluated and meta-analyzed the efficacy of rituximab in AE patients who either failed or exhibited inadequate responses to first-line treatments, aiming to refine and optimize therapeutic strategies for AE.

Determination of the degree of sulfonation in cross-linked and non-cross-linked Poly(ether ether ketone) using different analytical techniques.

The degree of sulfonation (DS) is a key property of sulfonated polymers, as it significantly influences their swelling behaviour, conductivity and mechanical properties. Accurately determining the DS is essential for optimizing these materials for various applications. In this work, the DS of sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) was evaluated using a combination of analytical techniques, including titration, back titration, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Ultra-Violet (UV) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H NMR) spectroscopies, Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Rutherford backscattering (RBS) and particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) analysis.

Safety and efficacy of sugammadex in management of patients with myasthenia gravis undergoing general anesthesia: A systematic review.

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze available evidence on efficacy and safety of sugammadex in reversing neuromuscular blockades in patients with Myasthenia Gravis (MG), thereby providing a comprehensive understanding of its potential benefits and risks in this specific patient population.

Methods: We performed a systematic search for studies from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Sources were screened using Rayyan, following predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria focusing on English articles published from 2010 to 2024 on MG patients under general anesthesia.

Application of the modified RIAM method in assessing the environmental impact of municipal solid waste management scenarios (A case study).

The rapid impact assessment matrix (RIAM) is a widely utilized tool for evaluating environmental impacts in municipal solid waste management. However, the traditional RIAM (T-RIAM) method includes ambiguities in its scoring classification, which can hinder decision-making accuracy. This study introduces a modified RIAM approach, enhancing classification precision by refining impact categories, making it particularly valuable for projects constrained by time and resources.

Investigation of sexual life and perceived spousal support in female recipients after kidney transplantation.

Introduction: End-stage renal failure has negative effects on sexual life, and solid kidney transplantation helps to recovery in sexuality. However, recovery in sexual life progresses slowly, and female recipients may need spousal support during this process. To examine the perceived spousal support and sexual lives of female kidney recipients in the aim of this study.

Feeding disruptions lead to a significant increase in disease modules in adult mice.

Feeding disruption is closely linked to numerous diseases, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms remain an important but unresolved issue at the molecular level. We hypothesize that, at the network level, dietary disruptions can alter gene co-expression patterns, leading to an increase in disease-associated modules, and thereby elevating the likelihood of disease occurrence. Here, we investigate this hypothesis using transcriptomic data from a large cohort of adult mice subjected to feeding disruptions.

Firsthand report on solid waste management practice in the major town of Addis Ababa-Adama economic corridor, Ethiopia.

Rapid population growth and economic development in Ethiopia have led to increased solid waste generation due to heightened consumption and a throwaway mentality. This has resulted in overcrowding, informal settlements, poor waste management, public health concerns, and environmental issues. Collecting accurate data on solid waste generation and composition in Ethiopia is challenging because of its limited scope and inconsistencies across the country.

Prevalence and risk factors for long COVID among cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: The prevalence of long COVID among cancer patients remains unknown. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of long COVID and explore potential risk factors among cancer patients.

Methods: A systematic search was performed on PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase from database inception until 21 March 2024, to identify studies that reported long COVID in cancer patients.

Corrigendum: New model to predict survival in advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients by measuring GGT and LDH levels and monocyte count.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.

MRI-based intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics for assessing deep myometrial invasion in patients with early-stage endometrioid adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics models for predicting deep myometrial invasion (DMI) of early-stage endometrioid adenocarcinoma (EAC).

Methods: The data of 459 EAC patients from three centers were retrospectively collected. Radiomics features were extracted separately from the intratumoral and peritumoral regions expanded by 0 mm, 5 mm, and 10 mm on unimodal and multimodal MRI.

The Representation of Wellness Programs in Plastic Surgery Residency.

Background: Plastic surgery residency comprises a significant portion of early adulthood. The difficulties of residency are well documented, particularly with the impact on wellness and risk of burnout. Structured wellness programs, mentorship, social support, and autonomy can decrease residency burnout.

"Leaving no one behind": digital empathy and inclusive media literacy education for young adults on the autism spectrum.

The paper advocates for the necessity of inclusive media literacy education (MLE) and equal opportunities for young adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which is in alignment with the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD) 2008 and the Sustainable Development Goal 4 Quality Education (SDG, 2030). It underscores the commitment to 'leaving no one behind', a core tenet of the SDGs, by focusing on developing digital empathy and inclusive MLE for young adults with ASD in the digital age. The study aims to empower young adults with ASD in Chennai, India, with media literacy and digital empathy through a one-day hands-on workshop and to assess the impact of this educational intervention on their understanding and application of media literacy in their daily lives.

Recent 5‑year trends in biliary tract cancer survival rates: An analytical big data survey.

Biliary tract cancer (BTC), also known as cholangiocarcinoma, is a relatively rare type of cancer with a poor prognosis. Despite the combination of chemotherapy and advances in targeted therapy, which have potentially improved the prognosis of patients with BTC, research on outcomes remains inadequate. The present study thus analyzed the survival trends of patients with BTC.

The Global Burden of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Women of Reproductive Age: Findings from the GBD 2019 Study.

Purpose: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder and the primary cause of anovulatory infertility among women aged 15-49 years. Despite its significance, it has been largely overlooked in global health discussions, with persistently high prevalence and incidence rates. This public health challenge necessitates attention both domestically and internationally.

Application of the 2021 AAPOS Guidelines in Clinics with Revision and Validation of SPOT Referral Criteria.

Purpose: This study aims to validate and revise the Spot Vision Screener referral criteria for detecting amblyopia risk factors (ARFs), visually significant refractive error (VSRE), and amblyopia.

Methods: In clinics, we gathered data from children aged 12 months to 7 years. The validity of the cut-off values was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, with cycloplegic retinoscopy serving as a reference.

Evaluating the effectiveness of genicular radiofrequency ablation for chronic knee pain using the patient-reported outcomes measurement information system (PROMIS) global health-physical health domain: Results of a cross-sectional cohort study.

Objective: Evaluate the effectiveness of genicular nerve radiofrequency ablation (GNRFA) for chronic knee pain using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Global Health, Physical Health score (PROMIS-GH-PH).

Methods: Patients who underwent GNRFA at a tertiary academic center were identified by CPT code query and contacted for consent. Demographic, clinical, and procedural characteristics were collected from the electronic medical record of participants with baseline PROMIS-GH-PH scores.

Value contribution of leniolisib in the Treatment of Activated PI3Kδ syndrome (APDS) in Spain using Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA).

Background: Activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) δ Syndrome (APDS) is an ultra-rare, potentially life-threatening disease that lacks approved treatments in Spain. This study aimed to apply Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) to assess the value of the first pharmacological treatment for APDS in Spain.

Methods: A multidisciplinary group of 8 experts evaluated the selective PI3Kδ inhibitor leniolisib against Standard of Care (SoC).

Protocol of the Nutritional, Psychosocial, and Environmental Determinants of Neurodevelopment and Child Mental Health (COINCIDE) study.

Background: Over 250 million children are developing sub-optimally due to their exposure to early life adversities. While previous studies have examined the effects of nutritional status, psychosocial adversities, and environmental pollutants on children's outcomes, little is known about their interaction and cumulative effects.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the independent, interaction, and cumulative effects of nutritional, psychosocial, and environmental factors on children's cognitive development and mental health in urban and rural India.

A study of Filipina migrant workers' subjective health in Hong Kong and an assessment of eight scoring methods for the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12).

Objectives: The SF-12 version 2 is a survey instrument for collecting data on subjective health. The US-based scoring method is the recommended standard for measuring subjective health with data collected with this instrument. The inadequacy of the US-based scoring method of the SF-12 version 2 instrument for non-US populations is widely documented.