Role of interleukin-4 receptor α polymorphism in patients with asthma and its correlation with asthma severity.

Asthma is a heterogeneous disease characterized by chronic airway inflammation. It is defined by the history of respiratory symptoms such as wheeze, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and cough that vary over time and intensity, together with variable expiratory airflow limitation. A personal history or a family history of allergy is the factor most strongly associated with the development of asthma.

Parsing reward sensitivity reveals distinct relationships with energy intake, metabolic markers, physical activity and fitness.

Rewards are rewarding owing to their hedonic or metabolic value. Individual differences in sensitivity to rewards are predictive of mental health problems but may reflect variation in metabolic types. We have assessed the association of two distinguishable aspects of reward sensitivity, openness to rewards (the striving towards multiple rewards) and insatiability by reward (the strong pursuit and fixation to a particular reward), with measures of metabolism and activity in a longitudinal study of representative birth cohort samples.

The Effect of Dapagliflozin on Heart Function in Animal Models of Cardiac Ischemia, A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Introduction: In this study, a meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the therapeutic effect of Dapagliflozin (DAPA) on animals suffering from myocardial ischemia reperfusion compared to the group that did not receive treatment.

Methods: According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria two researchers performed the primary and secondary screening based on the title abstract and full text. After data extraction, meta-analysis was performed using STATA software.

It's Not Too Late: Physical and Social Activity Slow Cognitive Decline in Those Living With Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Current evidence concerning the effect of physical activity and social engagement on cognitive functioning in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is underdeveloped. Drawing upon cognitive reserve theory, we used linear mixed models to investigate the impact of physical activity and social engagement on cognitive functioning in older adults living with MCI utilizing 16 years of data from the Health and Retirement Study ( = 1462). The average cognitive score (sum of immediate and delayed word recall, serial seven subtraction test, counting backwards, range: 0-27) at baseline was 9.

Public and patient involvement (PPI) in the design, execution and dissemination of a trial: the BISTRO trial.

Background: For people receiving haemodialysis, a balance has to be struck between removing sufficient but not too much fluid during a treatment session and maintaining any remaining kidney function they might have. In the BISTRO trial, this study sought to establish if getting the balance right might be improved by the additional use of bioimpedance, a device that measures body fluid composition to help decide how much fluid to remove during dialysis. Designing and executing this trial, which incorporated complex and repeated trial procedures that would be dependent on participant engagement, presented challenges that demanded effective public and patient involvement.

Short Breaks During the Workday and Employee-Related Outcomes. A Diary Study.

In contemporary, high-speed work settings, ensuring the well-being of employees is of paramount importance. The current study builds on this concern about employee well-being and aims to explore the complex connection between workload (as a job demand), micro-breaks (as behavioral resources), and psychological capital (PsyCap; as a personal resource) to understand their impact on end-of-day well-being. A daily diary approach was employed, where employees provided data from Monday to Friday throughout a workweek.

The challenge of antimicrobial resistance in the Asia-Pacific: a pediatric perspective.

Purpose Of Review: The densely populated Asia Pacific region is home to 600 million children, and suffers from a significant burden of morbidity and mortality due to infections associated with antimicrobial resistance (AMR). We aimed to identify the drivers, challenges and potential opportunities to alter the burden of AMR within the region.

Recent Findings: Despite the high AMR burden borne by the Asia Pacific region, there are limited (and geographically imbalanced) published data to delineate the contemporary epidemiology of serious multidrug-resistant bacterial infections in children.

Validation of the Pangao PG-800B18 upper-arm blood pressure monitor according to the ISO 81060-2:2018+Amd 1:2020 protocol in the general population.

Objective: The study aimed to validate the Pangao PG-800B18 oscillometric upper-arm blood pressure monitor in the general population in accordance with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 81060-2:2018 and amendment (Amd) 1:2020 protocol.

Methods: Participants were recruited, and the same left-arm sequential method was used for blood pressure measurement in accordance with the protocol. Data validation and analysis were performed according to the protocol, and the Bland-Altman scatter plot was used to show the difference between the test device and reference results.

Experimental electronic structures of copper complexes with a biphenyldiimino dithioether - a model for blue copper proteins.

The experimental electron density distributions in two coordination compounds - one with a central Cu(I) atom and the other with Cu(II), coordinated by the same biphenyldiimino dithioether (bite) type of ligand - have been obtained from high-resolution X-ray reflection data to model the possible electron predisposition for the redox reaction in blue copper proteins. The bite ligand has been adapted to the conformation required by the central atom.

A novel ,,-coordinated organofluoroboron probe for amyloid detection: insight from experiment and theory.

This work presents the results of photophysical studies for a newly synthesized BF-based organoboron dye of D-A-D topology. The one- and two-photon properties of the dye are compared with the D-A parent compound and commercially available amyloid marker: methoxy-X04. We demonstrate that the new dye exhibits better optical properties upon binding to amyloids than methoxy-X04, including emission above 600 nm, higher values of 2PA cross section, broader excitation range and higher increment of emission intensity upon binding to amyloids.

Analysis of pediatric hand injuries in a tertiary care children's hospital.

Pediatric hand traumas are common injuries in childhood. The incidence and type of injury vary with age. In our country, there are only two publications in which only crush is examined in etiology.

Staged versus Simultaneous Surgery for Adult Spinal Deformity - A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Study Design: Systematic review and meta analysis.

Objective: To assess the safety and efficacy of staged versus same-day spinal fusion surgeries in Adult spinal deformity (ASD).

Background: ASD surgeries are associated with high complication rates, ranging from 10% to 40%.

The Correlation Between Gender, Age, Curvature, and Symptom-related Changes in C6 and C7 Slope in 10,000 Subjects.

Study Design: A cross-sectional analysis of 10,000 cervical spine X-rays.

Objective: This study investigates the variations in C6S and C7S across demographic factors (gender, age, cervical curvature, symptoms) and explores their correlation. Additionally, machine learning models are applied to improve the accuracy of C7S prediction.

Defining Substantial Clinical Benefits of PROMIS Pain Interference and Physical Function in Patients Undergoing Lumbar and Thoracolumbar Spine Surgery.

Study Design: Prospective cohort study.

Objective: This study aims to define Substantial Clinical Benefit (SCB) thresholds for PROMIS physical function (PF) and pain interference (PI) in lumbar or thoracolumbar spine surgery population.

Summary Of Background Data: Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are widely used in spine surgery to assess treatment efficacy.

KaMLs for Predicting Protein p Values and Ionization States: Are Trees All You Need?

Despite its importance in understanding biology and computer-aided drug discovery, the accurate prediction of protein ionization states remains a formidable challenge. Physics-based approaches struggle to capture the small, competing contributions in the complex protein environment, while machine learning (ML) is hampered by the scarcity of experimental data. Here, we report the development of p ML (KaML) models based on decision trees and graph attention networks (GAT), exploiting physicochemical understanding and a new experiment p database (PKAD-3) enriched with highly shifted p's.

Non-Traumatic Intracranial Hemorrhage and Risk of Incident Dementia in U.S. Medicare Beneficiaries.

To study the risk of incident dementia after a non-traumatic intracranial hemorrhage in a diverse US population, and evaluate if this risk is different for the subtypes of intracranial hemorrhage. We performed a retrospective cohort study using both inpatient and outpatient claims data on Medicare beneficiaries between January 1, 2008 and December 31, 2018. The exposure was a new diagnosis of non-traumatic intracranial hemorrhage, defined as a composite of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and subdural hemorrhage (SDH).

Prevalence and Incidence of Oral Benzodiazepine Use in Hospitalized Surgical Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of intrahospital oral benzodiazepine use in the surgical population of a tertiary care centre.

Summary Of Background Data: Oral benzodiazepines used for treating sleep disturbances and anxiety are widely used in the general population. Information regarding benzodiazepine use during hospitalization is scarce.

Impaired Exercise Capacity in High-Risk Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: The ARISE-HF Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing Subanalysis.

Background: Objective indices of functional capacity in patients with diabetic cardiomyopathy and stage B heart failure (HF) have not been comprehensively defined. We sought to characterize the cardiopulmonary exercise characteristics of individuals with diabetic cardiomyopathy at high risk for overt HF.

Methods: The relationships from cardiopulmonary exercise testing with clinical and laboratory characteristics of participants with diabetic cardiomyopathy were evaluated using baseline data from the ARISE-HF trial (Aldose Reductase Inhibition for Stabilization of Exercise Capacity in Heart Failure).

Impaired Resting State Functional Connectivity in CADASIL Mutant Mice.

Cerebral autosomal-dominant arteriopathy, subcortical infarcts, and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is the most prevalent monogenic inherited cause of cerebral small-vessel disease. Despite its prevalence, there is currently no proven therapy to prevent or reverse the progression of the disease. This study aimed to characterize the functional integrity of long white matter tracts in CADASIL transgenic mice, both with and without focal white matter lesions in the corpus callosum added on, utilizing optical resting-state functional connectivity imaging alongside behavioral examinations.

EXPRESS: A Megastudy of Lexico-semantic Effects in Single-word Shadowing.

Lexico-semantic effects in lexical decision and semantic categorization tasks have been investigated using the megastudy approach, but not with other traditional spoken word recognition tasks. To address this gap, the present megastudy, using words from the McRae et al. (2005) norms, examined the single-word shadowing task, where 96 native English speakers repeated aloud each word they heard as quickly and as accurately as possible.

Trends in Dupilumab-Related Payments to Physicians Across Five Specialties.

Background: Dupilumab was first approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration in 2017 for atopic dermatitis and has since been approved for many other indications. The use of dupilumab has grown, but industry payments to physicians have yet to be explored.

Objective: The study objective is to characterize the change in payments by pharmaceutical companies to physicians for dupilumab-related promotional activities.

Ultra-Early Hematoma Expansion Is Associated With Ongoing Hematoma Growth and Poor Functional Outcome.

There is limited data on ultra-early hematoma growth dynamics and its clinical relevance in primary intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We aimed to estimate the incidence of hematoma expansion (HE) within the hyperacute period of ICH, describe hematoma dynamics over time, investigate the associations between ultra-early HE and clinical outcomes after ICH, and assess the effect of tranexamic acid on ultra-early HE. We performed a planned secondary analysis of the STOP-MSU international multicenter randomized controlled trial.

High Glucose Treatment Induces Nuclei Aggregation of Microvascular Endothelial Cells via the - Pathway.

Background: Hyperglycemia is a major contributor to endothelial dysfunction and blood vessel damage, leading to severe diabetic microvascular complications. Despite the growing body of research on the underlying mechanisms of endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction, the available drugs based on current knowledge fall short of effectively alleviating these complications. Therefore, our endeavor to explore novel insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction is crucial for the field.

Cost-effectiveness of semaglutide in people with obesity and cardiovascular disease without diabetes.

AimsThe cardioprotective effects of semaglutide 2.4 mg reported in the SELECT cardiovascular (CV) outcomes trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03574597) provide clinical benefit for subjects with overweight or obesity and established CV disease without type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Eculizumab treatment for Chinese patients with hemolytic paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH): efficacy and safety - a single-center study.

Objective: To evaluate the short-term efficacy and safety of eculizumab for the treatment of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) in China.

Method: Data were retrospectively collected from patients with PNH who received at least 3 months of full-dose eculizumab. Changes in clinical and laboratory indicators after 1, 3, and 6 months of eculizumab therapy and at the end of follow-up were documented.