Anti-Malarial Activity of Amentoflavone Isolated from Leaf of Calophyllum Tomentosum Wight.

Calophyllum tomentosum belonging to Clusiaceae family is an Indian medicinal plant used as folklore medicine to cure various kinds of diseases reported in Ayurveda, and the leaves of the plant are also used as an active ingredient for the preparation of a botanical medicine known as 'Punnaga', 'Surapunnaga' and 'Tamoil' among other common names. Chemical profiling of the methanol extract of the defatted leaf revealed the presence of amentoflavone (1) as one of the constituents along with coumarins, terpenoids, steroids, and apetalic acids. Structural determination of amentoflavone (1) has been conducted by chemical, spectral, and spectrometric methods in comparison with spectral values available in the literature and confirmed by a single crystal X-ray diffraction study.

A New Rare Halogenated Depside from Lichen and Study of its Anti-Proliferative Activity.

Lichens are a symbiotic association of algae and fungus, belonging to the family Parmeliaceae. Some lichen species are edible and used as an active ingredient for preparation of exotic spices as well as folklore medicine to cure different kinds of ailments. A specimen of lichen was collected from Munner in the Kerala State of South India for chemical profiling.

Is badfiction processed differently by the human brain? An electrophysical study on reading experience.

Literary reception is a special case of language processing. The judgment of literature reveals deep social patterns with embodied cognition. In this study, we investigate how differences in literary quality resonate in the human brain.

The Importance of Dean Flow in Microfluidic Nanoparticle Synthesis: A ZIF-8 Case Study.

The Dean Flow, a physics phenomenon that accounts for the impact of channel curvature on fluid dynamics, has great potential to be used in microfluidic synthesis of nanoparticles. This study explores the impact of the Dean Flow on the synthesis of ZIF-8 particles. Several variables that influence the Dean Equation (the mathematical expression of Dean Flow) are tested to validate the applicability of this expression in microfluidic synthesis, including the flow rate, radius of curvature, channel cross sectional area, and reagent concentration.

Syntheses and crystal structures of three salts of 1-(4-nitro-phenyl)-piperazine.

The crystal structures and Hirshfeld surface analyses of three salts of 1-(4-nitro-phenyl)-piperazine with 2-chloro-benzoic acid, 2-bromo-benzoic acid and 2-iodo-benzoic acid are reported. The chloro-benzoate salt, CHNO ·CHClO , contains whole-ion-disordered cations and anions, which were modeled with two equivalent conformations with occupancies of 0.745 (10)/0.

Syntheses, crystal structures and Hirshfeld surface analysis of three salts of 1-(4-nitro-phenyl)-piperazine.

The structures and Hirshfeld surface analysis of three salts of 1-(4-nitro-phenyl)-piperazine are discussed. In 4-(4-nitro-phen-yl)piperazin-1-ium salicylate (CHNO ·CHO ), there are strong hydrogen bonds between cation and anion and the 4-nitro-phenyl substituent occupies an equatorial position in the piperazinium ring. The cation and anion are linked together by supra-molecular inter-actions [graph-set notation of hydrogen bonding (6) propagating in the -axis direction].

Association of the delayed changes in glutamate levels and functional connectivity with the immediate network effects of S-ketamine.

Ketamine shows rapid antidepressant effects peaking 24 h after administration. The antidepressant effects may occur through changes in glutamatergic metabolite levels and resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) within the default mode network (DMN). A multistage drug effect of ketamine has been suggested, inducing acute effects on dysfunctional network configuration and delayed effects on homeostatic synaptic plasticity.

Syntheses, crystal structures and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 4-(4-nitro-phen-yl)piperazin-1-ium tri-fluoro-acetate and 4-(4-nitro-phen-yl)piperazin-1-ium tri-chloro-acetate.

The synthesis and crystal structures of the mol-ecular salts of 4-(4-nitro-phen-yl)piperazine with tri-fluoro-acetate, namely, 4-(4-nitro-phen-yl)piperazin-1-ium tri-fluoro-acetate, CHNO ·CFO (I), and with tri-chloro-acetate, namely, 4-(4-nitro-phen-yl)piperazin-1-ium tri-chloro-acetate, CHNO ·CClO , (II), are reported and compared. A partial positional disorder of the anions was found. In both structures, the piperazine rings adopt a chair conformation, whereas the positions of the nitro-phenyl group on the piperazine ring differ from bis-ectional in (I) to equatorial in (II).

In vitro Evaluation of a 20% Bioglass-Containing 3D printable PLA Composite for Bone Tissue Engineering.

Three-dimensional (3D) printing is considered a key technology in the production of customized scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. In a previous work, we developed a 3D printable, osteoconductive, hierarchical organized scaffold system. The scaffold material should be osteoinductive.

Isopropyl 4-amino-benzoate.

The title compound, CHNO, crystallizes with two mol-ecules ( and ) in the asymmetric unit. For , the dihedral angle between the plane of the phenyl ring and the -propyl substituent is 65.4 (3)° while for this angle is 67.

Anti-Proliferative Acyl Phenols and Arylnonanoids from the Fruit Rind of Myristica malabarica Lam.

Phytochemical investigation of the methanol extract of the fruit rind of Myristica malabarica led to the isolation of eight known compounds that were identified as malabaricones A-D, promalabaricones B and C, 1-(2,6-dihydroxyphenyl)tetradecan-1-one, and ericanone by comparison with literature spectroscopic data. The structures of malabaricones A-D, promalabaricone B, and 1-(2,6-dihydroxyphenyl)tetradecan-1-one were confirmed by X-ray crystallography. In vitro assay of the isolated phenols indicated that they exhibited moderate anti-proliferative activity against the A2780 human ovarian cancer cell.

The structures of eleven (4-phen-yl)piperazinium salts containing organic anions.

Eleven (4-phen-yl)piperazinium salts containing organic anions have been prepared and structurally characterized, namely, 4-phenyl-piperazin-1-ium 4-fluoro-benzoate monohydrate, CHN ·CHFO ·HO, ; 4-phenyl-piperazin-1-ium 4-bromo-benzoate monohydrate, CHN ·CHBrO ·HO, ; 4-phenyl-piperazin-1-ium 4-iodo-benzoate, CHN ·CHIO , ; 4-phenyl-piperazin-1-ium 4-nitro-benzoate, CHN ·CHNO , ; 4-phenyl-piperazin-1-ium 3,5-di-nitro-salicylate, CHN ·CHNO , ; 4-phenyl-piperazin-1-ium 3,5-di-nitro-benzoate, CHN ·CHNO , ; 4-phenyl-piperazin-1-ium picrate, CHN ·CHNO , ; 4-phenyl-piperazin-1-ium benzoate monohydrate, CHN ·CHO ·HO, ; 4-phenyl-piperazin-1-ium -toluene-sulfonate, CHN ·CHOS, ; 4-phenyl-piperazin-1-ium tartarate monohydrate, CHN ·CHO ·HO, ; and 4-phenyl-piperazin-1-ium fumarate, CHN ·CHO , . Compounds and - are all 1:1 salts with the acid proton transferred to the phenyl-piperaizine basic N atom (the secondary amine) with the exception of where there is disorder in the proton position with it being 68% attached to the base and 32% attached to the acid. Of the structures with similar stoichiometries only and are isomorphous.

Musical Activity During Life Is Associated With Multi-Domain Cognitive and Brain Benefits in Older Adults.

Regular musical activity as a complex multimodal lifestyle activity is proposed to be protective against age-related cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease. This cross-sectional study investigated the association and interplay between musical instrument playing during life, multi-domain cognitive abilities and brain morphology in older adults (OA) from the DZNE-Longitudinal Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Study (DELCODE) study. Participants reporting having played a musical instrument across three life periods ( = 70) were compared to controls without a history of musical instrument playing ( = 70), well-matched for reserve proxies of education, intelligence, socioeconomic status and physical activity.

Distance-based detection of out-of-distribution silent failures for Covid-19 lung lesion segmentation.

Automatic segmentation of ground glass opacities and consolidations in chest computer tomography (CT) scans can potentially ease the burden of radiologists during times of high resource utilisation. However, deep learning models are not trusted in the clinical routine due to failing silently on out-of-distribution (OOD) data. We propose a lightweight OOD detection method that leverages the Mahalanobis distance in the feature space and seamlessly integrates into state-of-the-art segmentation pipelines.

Novelty-Related fMRI Responses of Precuneus and Medial Temporal Regions in Individuals at Risk for Alzheimer Disease.

Background And Objectives: We assessed whether novelty-related fMRI activity in medial temporal lobe regions and the precuneus follows an inverted U-shaped pattern across the clinical spectrum of increased Alzheimer disease (AD) risk as previously suggested. Specifically, we tested for potentially increased activity in individuals with a higher AD risk due to subjective cognitive decline (SCD) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We further tested whether activity differences related to diagnostic groups were accounted for by CSF markers of AD or brain atrophy.

Synthesis, structural characterization, and evaluation of new peptidomimetic Schiff bases as potential antithrombotic agents.

Unlabelled: New Schiff bases functionalized with amide and phenolic groups synthesized by the condensation of 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde and 2-hydroxyacetophenone with amino acid amides which in turn were prepared in two steps from -Boc-amino acids and homoveraltrylamine through intermediate compounds -Boc-amino acids amides. The compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, UV-Vis, and NMR spectroscopy. The crystal structures of three Schiff bases were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction.

Crystal-structure studies of 4-phenyl-piperazin-1-ium 4-eth-oxy-benzoate monohydrate, 4-phenyl-piperazin-1-ium 4-meth-oxy-benzoate monohydrate, 4-phenyl-piperazin-1-ium 4-methyl-benzoate monohydrate and 4-phenyl-piperazin-1-ium tri-fluoro-acetate 0.12-hydrate.

In this study, four new piperazinium salts, namely, 4-phenyl-piperazin-1-ium 4-eth-oxy-benzoate monohydrate, CHO·CHN·HO (); 4-phenyl-piperazin-1-ium 4-meth-oxy-benzoate monohydrate, CHN·CHO·HO (); 4-phenyl-piperazin-1-ium 4-methyl-benzoate monohydrate, CHN·CHO·HO (); and 4-phenyl-piperazin-1-ium tri-fluoro-acetate 0.12 hydrate, CHN·CFO·0.12HO (), have been synthesized.

Crystal structures of six 4-(4-nitro-phenyl)-piperazin-1-ium salts.

Six piperazinium salts, namely 4-(4-nitro-phenyl)-piperazin-1-ium 4-bromo-ben-zo-ate dihydrate, CHNO ·CHBrO ·2HO, (I), 4-(4-nitro-phenyl)-pi-per-a-zin-1-ium 4-iodo-benzoate dihydrate, CHNO ·CHIO ·2HO, (II), 4-(4-nitro-phenyl)-piperazin-1-ium 4-hy-droxy-benzoate monohydrate, CHNO ·CHO ·HO, (III), 4-(4-nitro-phenyl)-piperazin-1-ium 4-methyl-benzoate monohydrate, CHNO ·CHO ·HO, (IV), 4-(4-nitro-phenyl)-piperazin-1-ium 4-meth-oxy-benzoate hemihydrate, 2CHNO ·2CHO ·HO, (V), and 4-(4-nitro-phenyl)-piperazin-1-ium 4-eth-oxy-benzoate, 2CHNO ·2CHO , (VI), have been synthesized and their crystal structures solved by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, revealing that all of them crystallize in the triclinic space group except for (V), which crystallizes in the monoclinic space group 2/ and has a disordered nitro group. Compounds (I) and (II) are isostructural. The crystal packing of (I)-(V) is constructed from organic chains formed by a combination of hydrogen bonds of type N-H⋯O and/or O-H⋯O and other weak inter-actions of type C-H⋯O and/or C-H⋯π, forming sheets, whereas (VI) shows a cationic and anionic-based layer structure.

EEG-Microstates Reflect Auditory Distraction After Attentive Audiovisual Perception Recruitment of Cognitive Control Networks.

Processing of sensory information is embedded into ongoing neural processes which contribute to brain states. Electroencephalographic microstates are semi-stable short-lived power distributions which have been associated with subsystem activity such as auditory, visual and attention networks. Here we explore changes in electrical brain states in response to an audiovisual perception and memorization task under conditions of auditory distraction.

Association of Cholinergic Basal Forebrain Volume and Functional Connectivity with Markers of Inflammatory Response in the Alzheimer's Disease Spectrum.

Background: Inflammation has been described as a key pathogenic event in Alzheimer's disease (AD), downstream of amyloid and tau pathology. Preclinical and clinical data suggest that the cholinergic basal forebrain may moderate inflammatory response to different pathologies.

Objective: To study the association of cholinergic basal forebrain volume and functional connectivity with measures of neuroinflammation in people from the AD spectrum.