[Surgical treatment for slow transit constipation: total colectomy and subtotal colectomy].

Although the surgical treatment of slow transit constipation (STC) has been around for over a century, the choice of surgical method is still controversial. Specifically, the two most widely used operations in the world are total colectomy ileorectostomy (TC-IRA) and subtotal colectomy. Subtotal colectomy offers many methods for anastomosis, including ileocecal and cecorectal anastomoses and so on.

Osthole ameliorates wear particle-induced osteogenic impairment by mitigating endoplasmic reticulum stress via PERK signaling cascade.

Background: Periprosthetic osteolysis and subsequent aseptic loosening are the leading causes of failure following total joint arthroplasty. Osteogenic impairment induced by wear particles is regarded as a crucial contributing factor in the development of osteolysis, with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress identified as a key underlying mechanism. Therefore, identifying potential therapeutic targets and agents that can regulate ER stress adaption in osteoblasts is necessary for arresting aseptic loosening.

CircIRAK3 Promotes Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation by Improving the Stability of ELANE mRNA in Sepsis.

Excessive formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) has been shown to exacerbate inflammatory injury and organ damage in patients with sepsis. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) abnormally expressed in immune cells of sepsis patients, and play an important role in the pathogenesis of dysregulated immune responses. However, the functions of circRNAs in NET formation during sepsis remain unknown.

The Relationship Between BRI and Depressive Symptoms in Chinese Older Adults: A CLHLS-Based Study.

Background: There is a lack of research examining the association between obesity and depressive symptoms in relation to mental health. This study aimed to examine the correlation between Body Roundness Index (BRI) and depressive symptoms in elderly Chinese individuals.

Methods: The study sample consisted of 11,842 individuals aged 65 years or older from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Health Longevity Survey (CLHLS) database.

Recent nanoengineered therapeutic advancements in sepsis management.

Sepsis (defined as sepsis 3.0) is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to a variety of pathogenic microorganisms. Characterized by high morbidity and mortality, sepsis has become a global public health problem.

right posterior sectionectomy during liver procurement based on preoperative 3D planning to prevent extreme large-for-size syndrome in adult-to-adult liver transplantation: a case report.

Background: Large-for-size syndrome (LFSS) is an uncommon but potentially lethal complication following adult liver transplantation (LT). Reduced-size liver transplantation (RSLT) is considered a valuable alternative to delayed fascial closure or mesh closure for preventing LFSS. In this article, we report a successful adult-to-adult RSLT case with right posterior graft sectionectomy using three-dimensional (3D) computer-assisted planning.

Correlation Between Lipoprotein(a) and Prognosis for Coronary Artery Disease in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

Background: Elevated lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]) is a risk factor for first atherosclerotic thrombosis events, but the role of elevated Lp(a) in secondary prevention is controversial. This study aimed to retrospectively investigate the influence of elevated Lp(a) levels on the prognosis of patients with coronary artery disease.

Methods: The team collected and compared clinical information of patients hospitalized during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass alleviates kidney inflammation and improves kidney function in mice by activating TLCA/TGR5 pathway.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a severe diabetic microvascular complication featured by chronic low-grade inflammation. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery has gained importance as a safe and effective surgery to treat DKD. Bile acids significantly change after RYGB, which brings a series of metabolic benefits, but the relationship with the improvement of DKD is unclear.

Utilizing machine learning approaches to investigate the relationship between cystatin C and serious complications in esophageal cancer patients after esophagectomy.

Background: The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between preoperative cystatin C levels and the risk of serious postoperative complications in esophageal cancer (EC) patients, utilizing advanced machine learning (ML) methodologies.

Methods: We conducted an observational cohort study, involving 524 EC patients from December 2014 to July 2022. ML models, including logistic regression (LR) and multilayer perceptron (MLP), were applied to investigate the relationship between cystatin C and the serious postoperative complications.

The effects and possible mechanisms of whole-body vibration on cognitive function: A narrative review.

Whole-body vibration (WBV) is a physical stimulation method that transmits mechanical oscillations to the entire body through a vibration platform or device. Biokinetic and epidemiologic studies have shown that prolonged exposure to high-intensity WBV increases health risks, primarily to the lumbar spine and the nervous system connected to it. There is currently insufficient evidence to demonstrate a quantitative relationship between vibration exposure and risk of health effects.

Elevated neutrophil-percentage-to-albumin ratio predicts increased all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in hypertensive patients: Evidence from NHANES 1999-2018.

Background: This study investigates the association between the neutrophil-percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR) and all-cause mortality in patients with hypertension, and its relationship with cardiovascular mortality.

Methods: This study examined data from 18,469 adults with hypertension in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2018) and the mortality data from the National Death Index. The link between NPAR and mortality risk was visualized using restricted cubic splines.

Interleukin-4 promotes the clearance of amyloid-β by monocyte through enhancing the recognition and intracellular processing of amyloid-β.

Background: Impaired clearance of amyloid-β protein (Aβ) in the peripheral system is a crucial event in the pathogenesis of sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD). Dysfunctional monocytes with deficient clearance of Aβ and increased secretion of pro-inflammatory factors in the periphery are considered to contribute to AD development. Multiple studies suggest that IL-4 can inhibit the inflammatory response and enhance the expression and activity of cathepsin protease associated with intracellular clearance of Aβ by monocytes.

Treadmill exercise supplemented by OPN promote axon regeneration through the IGF-1R/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.

Regeneration of the corticospinal tract (CST) is considered a therapeutic target to achieve improved recovery of motor function after spinal cord injury (SCI), which is an incurable CNS damage that affects millions of people. Exercise training is effective in improving multiple functions in spinal cord-injured patients. However, the effects of exercise training on axon regeneration have not been sufficiently reported.

[Observation on the efficacy of cataract surgery combined with ICL implantation in the contralateral eye for patients with high myopia complicated with monocular cataract].

To assess the surgical outcomes of cataract surgery combined with phakic posterior chamber intraocular lens (ICL) implantation in the contralateral eye for patients with high myopia and monocular cataract. This is a retrospective case series study. Clinical data were collected from 10 patients (20 eyes) with high myopia and monocular cataract who underwent phacoemulsification cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation in the cataract eye (cataract surgery eye), and implantable Collamer lens (ICL) implantation in the contralateral eye (ICL implantation eye) at the Ophthalmology Department of the Army Characteristic Medical Center from June 2021 to December 2023.

Tumor microenvironment: Nurturing cancer cells for immunoevasion and druggable vulnerabilities for cancer immunotherapy.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is an intricate ecosystem where cancer cells thrive, encompassing a wide array of cellular and non-cellular components. The TME co-evolves with tumor progression in a spatially and temporally dynamic manner, which endows cancer cells with the adaptive capability of evading immune surveillance. To this end, diverse cancer-intrinsic mechanisms were exploited to dampen host immune system, such as upregulating immune checkpoints, impairing antigens presentation and competing for nutrients.

Oral switch vs. continued intravenous antibiotic therapy in patients with bacteraemia and sepsis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Bacteraemia and sepsis have traditionally required continued intravenous (IV) antibiotics.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate if early transition to oral antibiotics is non-inferior to continued IV antibiotic therapy in treating patients with bacteraemia and sepsis.

Data Sources: Data sources include MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and Wanfang databases from inception to 13 July 2024, along with clinical trial registries and Google.

Celastrol ameliorates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury by improving mitochondrial function through AMPK/PGC-1α/Nrf1-dependent mechanism.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a devastating clinical syndrome without effective therapy. Celastrol, as a natural anti-inflammatory compound, has showed therapeutic potential against inflammatory diseases. In this study, we have investigated the potential effect of Celastrol on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI.

Glis1 inhibits RTEC cellular senescence and renal fibrosis by downregulating histone lactylation in DKD.

Background: Accelerated senescence of renal tubular epithelial cells (RTEC) is critical in the progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). GLIS family zinc finger 1 (Glis1) alleviates age-related renal fibrosis in naturally aged mice. However, the role and associated mechanism of Glis1 in accelerated senescence of RTEC and the development of DKD remain unclear.

Interpretable multi-modal artificial intelligence model for predicting gastric cancer response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy assessment is imperative for prognostication and clinical management of locally advanced gastric cancer. We propose an incremental supervised contrastive learning model (iSCLM), an interpretable artificial intelligence framework integrating pretreatment CT scans and H&E-stained biopsy images, for improved decision-making regarding neoadjuvant chemotherapy. We have constructed and tested iSCLM using retrospective data from 2,387 patients across 10 medical centers and evaluated its discriminative ability in a prospective cohort (132 patients; ChiCTR2300068917).

Toxicity profiles of immunochemotherapy for gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy is emerging as a promising regimen for patients with locally advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) adenocarcinoma. However, it remains unclear whether immunochemotherapy will bring more adverse events (AEs) leading to a delay or even cancellation of surgeries. We aimed to provide a comprehensive analysis of the toxicity profiles for immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) combined with chemotherapy among patients with G/GEJ adenocarcinoma.

Association between periodontal disease and systemic diseases: a cross-sectional analysis of current evidence.

Background: Numerous systematic reviews and meta-analyses have been published that evaluate the association between periodontal disease and systemic diseases, many of which address similar topics. Moreover, their quality requires assessment. Therefore, we performed a cross-sectional analysis to examine the evidence on the relationship between periodontal disease and systemic diseases.