Epidemiology, risk profile, management, and outcome in geriatric patients with atrial fibrillation in two long-term care hospitals.

Aim of this study was investigate the prevalence and incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) and to describe the clinical characteristics, risk profiles, and types of anticoagulant therapy for stroke prevention and the clinical outcomes in persons admitted to a long-term care hospital. We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from the electronic medical records of patients aged 65 years or older living in two long-term care hospitals between January 1, 2014 and October 31, 2017. Overall data from 1148 patients (mean age 84.

Academic Motivation of Indonesian University Students: Relationship with Self-Compassion and Resilience.

Academic motivation is an important construct for university students, associated with student wellbeing and academic performance. Students who are motivated tend to feel and perform well. Self-compassion, that is kindness and understanding towards oneself in difficult times, and resilience, an ability to bounce back from difficulties, are also associated with student wellbeing and academic achievement.

A Human Stem Cell-Derived Brain-Liver Chip for Assessing Blood-Brain-Barrier Permeation of Pharmaceutical Drugs.

Significant advancements in the field of preclinical in vitro blood-brain barrier (BBB) models have been achieved in recent years, by developing monolayer-based culture systems towards complex multi-cellular assays. The coupling of those models with other relevant organoid systems to integrate the investigation of blood-brain barrier permeation in the larger picture of drug distribution and metabolization is still missing. Here, we report for the first time the combination of a human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived blood-brain barrier model with a cortical brain and a liver spheroid model from the same donor in a closed microfluidic system (MPS).

Perception towards vaccine effectiveness in controlling COVID-19 spread in rural and urban communities: A global survey.

Introduction: Several studies exhibited varying reports of perception toward vaccine effectiveness, vaccine hesitancy, and acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines. As this fluctuated with evidence generation, this study explored the perception toward vaccine effectiveness in rural and urban communities among various countries.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted online from April to August 2021 using convenience sampling among people from different countries approved by the Asia Metropolitan University Medical Research and Ethics.

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 Influenced the Age Onset of Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Earlier studies reported alterations of the kynurenine (KYN) pathway of tryptophan (TRP) metabolism in Parkinson's disease (PD). The first rate-limiting enzymes indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and tryptophan dioxygenase were observed upregulated, resulting elevated KYN/TRP ratios in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples of patients with PD. More and more single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified in a population of PD.

Iron Deficiency and Incident Infections among Community-Dwelling Adults Age 70 Years and Older: Results from the DO-HEALTH Study.

Objectives: To assess if baseline iron deficiency, with or without anemia, is associated with incident infections over 3 years among community-dwelling older adults.

Design: Prospective secondary analysis of DO-HEALTH, a 3-year randomized, double-blind controlled trial.

Setting And Participants: 2157 community-dwelling adults age 70+ from 5 European countries with good cognitive function and mobility and no major health events in the 5 years prior to enrollment Measurements: Incident infections, their severity and type were recorded every 3 months throughout the 3-year follow-up.

INFOGEST Digestion Assay of Raw and Roasted Hazelnuts and Its Impact on Allergens and Their IgE Binding Activity.

Most of the food allergens sensitized via the gastrointestinal tract resist thermal treatments and digestion, particularly digestion by pepsin. Roasted hazelnuts are more commonly consumed than raw ones. Since no studies have characterized gastric digestion protein fragments of raw and roasted hazelnuts nor their IgE binding properties, we compared these aspects of raw and roasted hazelnuts' gastric digesta obtained by INFOGEST protocol.

Recommendations From the International Consensus Conference on Anemia Management in Surgical Patients (ICCAMS).

Background: Perioperative anemia has been associated with increased risk of red blood cell transfusion and increased morbidity and mortality after surgery. The optimal approach to the diagnosis and management of perioperative anemia is not fully established.

Objective: To develop consensus recommendations for anemia management in surgical patients.

Current and future funding streams for paediatric postmortem imaging: European Society of Paediatric Radiology survey results.

Background: Perinatal and childhood postmortem imaging has been accepted as a noninvasive alternative or adjunct to autopsy. However, the variation in funding models from institution to institution is a major factor prohibiting uniform provision of this service.

Objective: To describe current funding models employed in European and non-European institutions offering paediatric postmortem imaging services and to discuss the perceived barriers to future postmortem imaging service provision.

Improved Task Performance, Low Workload, and User-Centered Design in Medical Diagnostic Equipment Enhance Decision Confidence of Anesthesia Providers: A Meta-Analysis and a Multicenter Online Survey.

Decision confidence—the subjective belief to have made the right decision—is central in planning actions in a complex environment such as the medical field. It is unclear by which factors it is influenced. We analyzed a pooled data set of eight studies and performed a multicenter online survey assessing anesthesiologists’ opinions on decision confidence.

Longitudinal monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-specific antibody responses in Lower Austria.

The Lower Austrian Wachau region was an early COVID-19 hotspot of infection. As previously reported, in June 2020, after the first peak of infections, we determined that 8.5% and 9.

Initial experience with AI Pathway Companion: Evaluation of dashboard-enhanced clinical decision making in prostate cancer screening.

Purpose: Rising complexity of patients and the consideration of heterogeneous information from various IT systems challenge the decision-making process of urological oncologists. Siemens AI Pathway Companion is a decision support tool that provides physicians with comprehensive patient information from various systems. In the present study, we examined the impact of providing organized patient information in comprehensive dashboards on information quality, effectiveness, and satisfaction of physicians in the clinical decision-making process.

Predictors associated with mortality of extracorporeal life support therapy for acute heart failure: single-center experience with 679 patients.

Background: Extracorporeal life support (ECLS) therapy is increasingly used for cardiac and respiratory support postcardiotomy, refractory cardiogenic shock and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. This study aims to describe in-hospital mortality of patients requiring ECLS, identify independent predictors associated with mortality and analyze changes of mortality over time.

Methods: This retrospective study includes all adult ECLS cases at the University Hospital Zurich, a designated ECLS center in Switzerland, in the period 2007 to 2019.

Simiate and the focal adhesion kinase FAK1 cooperate in the regulation of dendritogenesis.

Despite the crucial importance of dendritogenesis for the correct functioning of neurons, the molecular mechanisms underlying neuronal arborisation are still not well understood. Current models suggest that distinct parts and phases of dendritic development are regulated by the expression of distinct transcription factors, that are able to target the cytoskeleton. Two proteins recently implicated in dendritogenesis are the Focal Adhesion Kinase FAK1 and the Actin-binding protein Simiate.

Robot-Assisted vs. Open Appendicovesicostomy in Pediatric Urology: A Systematic Review and Single-Center Case Series.

Introduction: Appendicovesicostomy (APV) is the preferred choice of continent catheterizable channels in pediatric urology. The introduction of robot-assisted laparoscopic techniques has been correlated to superior cosmesis and convalescence and is now increasingly implemented for APV procedures. We aimed to perform a systematic review of the literature comparing open vs.

Multicenter Evaluation of Tissue Classification by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging.

Many studies have demonstrated that tissue phenotyping (tissue typing) based on mass spectrometric imaging data is possible; however, comprehensive studies assessing variation and classifier transferability are largely lacking. This study evaluated the generalization of tissue classification based on Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometric imaging (MSI) across measurements performed at different sites. Sections of a tissue microarray (TMA) consisting of different formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) human tissue samples from different tumor entities (leiomyoma, seminoma, mantle cell lymphoma, melanoma, breast cancer, and squamous cell carcinoma of the lung) were prepared and measured by MALDI-MSI at different sites using a standard protocol (SOP).

Searching two or more databases decreased the risk of missing relevant studies: a metaresearch study.

Background And Objectives: Assessing changes in coverage, recall, review, conclusions and references not found when searching fewer databases.

Methods: In randomly selected 60 Cochrane reviews, we checked included study publications' coverage (indexation) and recall (findability) using different search approaches with MEDLINE, Embase, and CENTRAL and related them to authors' conclusions and certainty. We assessed characteristics of unfound references.

Willingness to receive an annual COVID-19 booster vaccine in the German-speaking D-A-CH region in Europe: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Emergence of new coronavirus variants and waning immunity may necessitate regular COVID-19 vaccine boosters, but empirical data on population willingness for regular vaccination are limited.

Methods: In August 2021, we surveyed 3,067 quota-sampled German-speaking adults residing in the D-A-CH region (Germany, Austria, Switzerland). Using multivariable adjusted ordered logistic regression models we calculated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) to assess factors associated with willingness to vaccinate annually against COVID-19.

Anesthesia personnel's visual attention regarding patient monitoring in simulated non-critical and critical situations, an eye-tracking study.

Background: Cognitive ergonomics design of patient monitoring may reduce human factor errors in high-stress environments. Eye-tracking is a suitable tool to gain insight into the distribution of visual attention of healthcare professionals with patient monitors, which may facilitate their further development.

Methods: This prospective, exploratory, high-fidelity simulation study compared anesthesia personnel's visual attention (fixation count and dwell-time) to 15 areas of interest on the patient monitor during non-critical and critical anesthesia situations.

Pilot Study and Preliminary Results of Biodegradable Intramedullary Nailing of Forearm Fractures in Children.

(1) Background: Diaphyseal forearm fractures are a common injury in children and adolescents. When operative treatment is needed, elastic stable intramedullary nailing (ESIN) is the most common surgical procedure. Although there is no clear evidence, hardware removal after fracture healing is performed in many patients.