47 results match your criteria: "Danish National Institute of Occupational Health[Affiliation]"

Size and other physical properties of MMVF play a central role in risk assessment. They can be affected by, for example, conditions during manufacturing, and preparation prior to administration to experimental animals or cells. It is suggested that a necessary requirement for stating that an experiment has been repeated should be documented evidence that: (i) the administered fibres are alike when analysed with not less than a minimum number of well-established methods on single fibre and on bulk sample level; and (ii) doses must be equal, and the fibre concentrations and sizes at the primary target tissue must be documented.

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Theoretical studies emphasize the importance of making unbiased etiological fraction estimates. In empirical works, however, the published estimates are usually conservative. The purpose of the present report is to study, empirically, the numerical magnitude of such conservative biases.

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This paper provides a short overview of cobalt-related diseases with particular reference to the potential carcinogenicity of cobalt compounds, and a review of a 10-year surveillance programme on plate painters exposed to cobalt in two Danish porcelain factories. Clinical experience and epidemiological studies have demonstrated that cobalt exposure may lead to severely impaired lung function, i.e.

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A European study on styrene exposure was initiated in 1989 to evaluate the health effects of environmental and occupational exposure. A part of this study included the development of an analytical method for use in a biological monitoring program. The urinary metabolites of styrene, mandelic acid (MA) and phenylglyoxylic acid (PGA) were quantitated by a direct and convenient high-performance liquid chromatography method.

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A survey of the working conditions at a Danish slag wool production factory during the early technological phase in the 1940s is presented. No exposure data, however, are available for that period. So, a full-scale simulation of the past production of slag wool has been performed.

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This paper describes analytical methods to estimate environmental and occupational exposure levels of chromium in blood and serum by Zeeman atomic absorption spectrometry. Also reported is an internal quality control procedure involving a combination of an online quality control and subsequent statistical evaluation of the quality control results to evaluate the performance of the analytical methods. The solubilization of the blood by the proteinase Subtilisin A resulted in a recovery of chromium of 106 +/- 4.

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Respiratory rate (f), tidal volume (VT) and carbon dioxide production (VECO2) were measured in restrained, conscious CF-1 mice. Mean f +/- S.D.

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A high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)/fluorescence method for quantitative analysis of 1-hydroxypyrene in urine was developed. The method validation analysis showed the method to be in analytical control. No significant systematical errors could be demonstrated.

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In a screening programme nine Danish meat smokehouses were randomly selected for measurements on concentration of airborne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). A total of 23 stationary air samples were collected during the entire working period of the kiln either above the kiln doors or approximately 2 m in front of the kiln doors (i.e.

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The burning and painful effect in nose and eyes, termed sensory irritation, of methyl ethyl ketone vapours was investigated in a mouse bioassay. Sensory irritation is mediated via the trigeminal nerves and results in a reflexively induced decrease in respiratory rate in mice. Methyl ethyl ketone was used as a model substance for ketones.

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We have explored the induction of DNA repair synthesis in monocyte/B- and T-lymphocyte enriched cell fractions from 12 different human mononuclear blood cell populations. Unscheduled DNA synthesis was measured in monocyte/B- and T-cells after exposure to the DNA-damaging agents dimethylsulfate (DMS) and N-acetoxy-N-acetylaminofluorene in vitro. Also, the binding of DMS to DNA was measured.

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Formaldehyde is a common contact allergen. The prognosis of formaldehyde-sensitive patients is generally considered to be bad because of widespread exposure to formaldehyde. 11 patients with eczema and a positive patch test to formaldehyde were interviewed by a dermatologist and a toxicologist/chemist and instructed to fill in a questionnaire on exposure to chemical products.

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A high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of 2-naphthylamine in urine using fluorescence detection was developed. The method validation analysis showed the method to be in analytical control, i.e.

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A cohort of all people in Denmark aged 20-59 years on 1 January 1981 was followed up for four years for emigration, death and hospital admission for ischaemic heart disease (IHD) as the primary diagnosis. The data set allows tabulation of rates of hospitalization by occupation, position and industry. Well-known classic associations for IHD have been reproduced.

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A biosurvey in the Danish metal industry measured the genotoxic exposure from stainless steel welding. The study comprised measurements of chromosomal aberrations (CA), sister-chromatid exchanges (SCE), unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) in peripheral lymphocytes and serum immunoglobulin G. Environmental monitoring of welding fumes and selected metal oxides, biomonitoring of chromium and nickel in serum and urine and mutagenic activity in urine, and evaluation of semen quality were also done.

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A direct flow-injection atomic-absorption spectrometric (FIA-AAS) method for the assessment of inorganic arsenic compounds and their metabolites was developed and statistically evaluated by the estimation of the method evaluation function (MEF), which provides detailed information on the analytical performance of the method, i.e., the average combined uncertainty and the magnitude of potential systematic errors.

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Arsenobetaine and arsenocholine are considered to be non-toxic and are present as a relatively large proportion of total arsenic in seafoods, and they do not respond to hydride generation. The present study describes the effect of seafood consumption on the urinary concentration of hydride-generating arsenic compounds measured by a newly developed flow injection atomic absorption spectrometric (FI-AAS) method. Consumption of plaice, pighvar and tunny resulted in a 2-fold increase, and consumption of mussels produced a 6-fold increase in the urinary level of hydride-generating arsenic compounds.

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In order to ensure a high standard in the analytical methods used to determine lead in blood, reference materials, quality control materials and several quality assessment schemes exist. However, since 1988 the blood lead level in the European Community has decreased owing to a decline in environmental and occupational exposure; consequently there is a need for certified reference materials (CRMs) at low level. A study of the biological CRMs for blood lead, CRMs 194-196 from the European Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) and the quality control materials STE 901-906 from Nyegaard A/S, and AMI B601-B604 and AMI B701-B705 from the Danish National Institute of Occupational Health (AMI), was made in order to evaluate the control materials AMI B701-B705 against the CRMs 194-196, and to verify the homogeneity and influence of the biological matrix of commercially available blood-lead quality control materials.

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A method for delineating the risks due to exposure to neurotoxic chemicals based upon the linkage of four national computer-based registers is described. The four registers are: the Danish Product Register database, PROBAS; Register of air pollution measurements in Danish workplaces, ATABAS; Register of notified occupational diseases; and Register of work force. Based on the information from the four registers, risk profiles for neurotoxic chemicals in 69 industrial groups were generated.

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A high-performance liquid chromatography/fluorescence method using multiple wavelength shift for simultaneous quantification of different PAH compounds was developed. The new method was superior to the methods of DONG and GREENBERG [J. Liquid Chromatogr.

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The sum of concentrations of inorganic arsenic, methylarsonic acid (MMAA) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMAA) in urine from adults and children living in an unpolluted area was compared with the corresponding sum measured in urine from adults and children living in an area polluted with arsenic and in urine from persons occupationally exposed to arsenic. The median values for 22 adults and 10 children aged 3-10 years living in the unpolluted area were 9.3 and 19.

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Quantitative needle electromyography during sustained maximal effort.

J Electromyogr Kinesiol

June 1991

Danish National Institute of Occupational Health, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.

We describe changes in time domain as well as in frequency domain of the electromyographic (EMG) signal during sustained maximal effort. The anterior tibial muscle in five subjects and the brachial biceps muscle in eight subjects were examined with needle electrodes. The forces exerted decreased exponentially with time to ∼50% of the initial values after 1 min of sustained maximal effort.

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