Molecular biology of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

The immunodeficiency virus type 1 is a complex retrovirus. In addition to genes that specify the proteins of the virus particle and the replicative enzymes common to all retroviruses, HIV-1 specifies at least six additional proteins that regulate the virus life cycle. Two of these regulatory genes, tat and rev, specify proteins essential for replication.

Distinct effects of interferon-gamma and MHC class I surface antigen levels on resistance of the K562 tumor cell line to natural killer-mediated lysis.

Various investigators have examined the relationship between tumor cell susceptibility to natural killer (NK) cell lysis and the expression of HLA class I antigens on the tumor cell. There is controversy as to whether or not an inverse relationship exists, and if so, the basis of the relationship between these two phenomena remains undefined. To address these questions, the genomic clones for two HLA antigens were transfected into the erythroleukemia cell line K562, a cell line that is used as the standard to assess human NK and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) nonrestricted cytolysis.

Continuous infusion high-dose leucovorin with 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin for untreated stage IV carcinoma of the head and neck.

Study Objective: To study the activity of continuous infusion cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, and high-dose leucovorin (PFL) as induction chemotherapy in patients with previously untreated, advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.

Design: Nonrandomized, prospective trial.

Setting: A comprehensive cancer center.

Effect of cellular density and viral oncogenes on the major histocompatibility complex class I antigen response to gamma-interferon in BALB-c/3T3 cells.

Cellular density in culture has profound effects on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I antigen expression in BALB/c-3T3 cells. Cells which have been confluent for greater than 24 h demonstrate a 2- to 6-fold increase in MHC class I antigen expression compared to subconfluent cells. These density-associated changes in MHC class I antigen expression occur both in untransformed and in v-mos or v-rasKi-transformed cells.

Combined modality therapy with bleomycin, hyperthermia, and radiation.

In an attempt to develop better combination therapies for use with local radiation, the interaction between bleomycin and hyperthermia +/- radiation was studied in the FSaIIC tumor system. In cells exposed in vitro to bleomycin at 37 degrees C and at pH 7.40, the drug was substantially more toxic toward normally oxygenated than hypoxic cells.

Characterization of a third form of the human T cell receptor gamma/delta.

A subpopulation of the CD3+ peripheral T lymphocytes express the TCR-gamma/delta complex. Three distinct TCR-gamma forms that differ in size and in the ability to form a disulfide bridge with the TCR-delta subunit have been described. In this study we analyze the structural difference between the non-disulfide-linked 55-kD and 40-kD TCR-gamma chains.

Criteria to define anti-idiotypic antibodies carrying the internal image of an antigen.

Anti-idiotypic antibodies which carry the internal image of a foreign antigen, i.e. so-called Ab2 beta antibodies, have been successfully used as vaccines to pathogens, as tools to isolate cellular receptors or as reagents in cancer therapy.

Isolation and structure of a cDNA encoding the B1 (CD20) cell-surface antigen of human B lymphocytes.

The B1 (CD20) molecule is a Mr 33,000 phosphoprotein on the surface of human B lymphocytes that may serve a central role in the humoral immune response by regulating B-cell proliferation and differentiation. In this report, a cDNA clone that encodes the B1 molecule was isolated and the amino acid sequence of B1 was determined. B-cell-specific cDNA clones were selected from a human tonsillar cDNA library by differential hybridization with labeled cDNA derived from either size-fractionated B-cell mRNA or size-fractionated T-cell mRNA.