A review of RNA nanoparticles for drug/gene/protein delivery in advanced therapies: Current state and future prospects.

Nanotechnology involves the utilization of materials with exceptional properties at the nanoscale. Over the past few years, nanotechnologies have demonstrated significant potential in improving human health, particularly in medical treatments. The self-assembly characteristic of RNA is a highly effective method for designing and constructing nanostructures using a combination of biological, chemical, and physical techniques from different fields.

Novel yeast Pichia kudriavzevii alleviates aflatoxins induced toxicopathology in broiler chickens through immunomodulation and antioxidant enhancement.

This study aimed to investigate the potential of Pichia kudriavzevii (PK), a newly discovered yeast strain, in alleviating the deleterious effects induced by aflatoxins on broilers. Eighty one-day-old broiler chicks were divided into four groups and subjected to various combinations of aflatoxin dosages at 300 μg/kg of feed alongside PK supplementation at 1 g/kg of feed. Assessment encompassed a comprehensive array of parameters including performance metrics, hepatic and renal biomarkers, interleukin concentrations, blood cell counts, hemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume, antibody response to sheep red blood cells, lymphoproliferative response to PHA-P, phagocytic response utilizing the carbon clearance assay system, as well as evaluation of oxidants and antioxidants.

Charge Regulation-Enhanced Type I Photosensitizer-Loaded Hydrogel Dressing for Hypoxic Bacterial Inhibition and Biofilm Elimination.

Biofilm-induced chronic bacterial infections represent a significant challenge in modern medicine due to their resistance to conventional antibiotic treatments. Although photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as a promising antibiotic-free antibacterial strategy, the hypoxic condition within biofilms and the lack of an effective local drug delivery system have limited the clinical effectiveness of photosensitizer (PS) agents. Herein, we propose a type of charge regulation-enhanced type I PS-loaded hydrogel dressing for treating biofilm infection.

Impact of cardiac factors on central airway anatomical parameters in patients undergoing lung mass surgery.

Background: The correlation between central airway anatomical parameters and demographic factors, such as sex, age, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), and cardiac factors, remains unclear. This study examined the correlation between these factors and central airway anatomical parameters in adult patients.

Methods: All consecutive patients who underwent lung mass surgery at our hospital between December 2020 and December 2023 were included in this study.

Algae- and bacteria-based biodegradation of phthalic acid esters towards the sustainable green solution.

Phthalic acid esters are widely used worldwide as plasticizers. The high consumption of phthalates in China makes it the world's largest plasticizer market. The lack of phthalic acid ester's chemical bonding with the polymer matrix facilitates their detachment from plastic products and subsequent release into the environment and causes serious threats to the health of living organisms.

Statistical damage constitutive model of soft rock based on Improved Hoek-Brown strength criterion.

It is significant to study the stability of surrounding rock in soft rock tunnels to ensure construction safety and improve efficiency. Through triaxial shear tests on soft rock at various confining pressures, we observed the failure characteristics transitioning from strain softening to strain hardening as confining pressure increases. An improved Hoek-Brown strength criterion has been proposed to characterize the critical confining pressure effect of soft rock, with tensile strength in the tensile zone aligning with experimental results, showing an error of less than 5%.

Quaternized chitosan templated MoS nanohybrids for photothermal-enhanced synergistic antibacterial therapy.

Bacterial infections have become a fatal issue for human health. The excessive use of antibiotics leads to bacterial resistance. It is of great importance to develop alternate antimicrobial nanomaterials for effective antibacterial therapy.

The role and progress of zeolites in photocatalytic materials.

This paper focuses on the research background of zeolite-based photocatalytic materials, the role of zeolites in photocatalytic materials, and their application in various fields. It focuses on the critical roles of zeolites in photocatalytic materials and their application prospects. It outlines the mechanisms of zeolites in different photocatalytic materials, including adsorption, structural stabilization, domain-limiting, electric field, catalysis, ion exchange, shape-selective, and solvation, which elucidates the potential advantages of zeolites in photocatalytic materials.

Mechanism and catalytic activity of the water-gas shift reaction on a single-atom alloy Al/Cu (111) surface.

The mechanism and activity of the water-gas shift reaction (WGSR) on single-atom alloy Al/Cu (111) and Cu (111) surfaces were studied using GGA-PBE-D3. Al/Cu (111) exhibited bifunctional active sites, with the Al site being positively charged and the Cu site negatively charged due to electronic interactions. This led to selective adsorption of HO and CO.

Photocatalytic acceptorless dehydrogenation of flavanones by cationic Eosin Y as a bifunctional catalyst.

We report the first example of photocatalytic acceptorless dehydrogenation using cationic Eosin Y as a bifunctional photocatalyst, without metal catalysts or HAT reagents. Under Bayesian optimized conditions, a wide range of flavones were synthesized in moderate to excellent yields, many of which were reported with biological activities. Mechanistic studies suggest that flavones likely form through two HAT processes, with hydrogen release occurring photoredox.

Green analytical chemistry metrics for evaluating the greenness of analytical procedures.

Green analytical chemistry (GAC) focuses on mitigating the adverse effects of analytical activities on human safety, human health, and environment. In addition to the 12 principles of GAC, proper GAC tools should be developed and employed to assess the greenness of different analytical assays. The 15 widely used GAC metrics, i.

Covalent Inhibitor Screening for Targeting LOXL2: Studied by Virtual Screening and Experimental Validation.

Background: Lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2) is a metalloenzyme that catalyzes oxidative deamination ε-amino group of lysine. It has been found that LOXL2 is a promotor for the metastasis and invasion in kinds of tumors. Previous studies show that disulfide bonds are important components in LOXL2, and their bioactivity can be regulated by those bonds.

Dioixn-like effects of an emerging contaminant 1,3,6,8-tetrabromocarbazole on the myogenic differentiation of mouse C2C12 cells.

1,3,6,8-Tetrabromocarbazole (1368-BCZ) has been proposed as an emerging environmental contaminant which has aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activating properties analogous to those of dioxins. Skeletal muscle development is a critical target of dioxin toxicity. However, the impact of 1368-BCZ on muscle development is inadequately understood.

Synthesis and antitumor effects of novel betulinic acid derivatives bearing electrophilic moieties.

Betulinic acid (BA) is a kind of naturally occurring lupane pentacyclic triterpenoid, possessing various biological activities including antiviral, anti-inflammatory and antitumor activity. Covalent inhibitors, characterized by electrophilic warheads that form covalent bonds with specific amino acid residues of target proteins, have garnered enormous attention in anticancer agent discovery over the past decade owing to their exceptional selectivity and efficacy. In this study, BA was structurally modified with electrophilic groups, and 23 derivatives of BA were synthesized.

Adjunctive PCSK9 Inhibitor Evolocumab in the Prevention of Early Neurological Deterioration in Non-cardiogenic Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Multicenter, Prospective, Randomized, Open-Label, Clinical Trial.

Background: Early neurological deterioration (END) is associated with a poor prognosis in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Effectively lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) can improve the stability of atherosclerotic plaque and reduce post-stroke inflammation, which may be an effective means to lower the incidence of END. The objective of this study was to determine the preventive effects of evolocumab on END in patients with non-cardiogenic AIS.

Efficacy and Safety of SHR8554 on Postoperative Pain in Subjects with Moderate to Severe Acute Pain Following Orthopedic Surgery: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Dose-explored, Active-controlled, Phase II/III Clinical Trial.

Biased µ-opioid receptor (MOR) agonists enhance pain relief by selectively activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling and minimizing β-arrestin-2 activation, resulting in fewer side effects. This multicenter Phase II/III trial evaluated the optimal dosage, efficacy, and safety of SHR8554, a biased MOR agonist, for postoperative pain management following orthopedic surgery. In Phase II, 121 patients were divided into four groups to receive varying patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) doses of SHR8554 or morphine.

Biobased Polyesters with Ultrahigh UV Shielding and Water Degradation Derived from Multifunctional Tetracyclic Diesters.

The development of biobased polyesters with the combination of high UV shielding and degradability is a significant challenge. Herein, three 4-membered cyclic monomers containing two pyrrolidone and two furan rings were prepared by the aza-Michael addition of biobased bifuran diamine and dimethyl itaconate (DMI). They were available in melt polycondensation reactions with various diols to synthesize biobased polyesters.

Design Principles for Gradient Porous Carbon on Aqueous Zinc-Ion Hybrid Capacitors: A Combined Molecular Dynamic and Machine Learning Study.

Gradient porous carbon has become a potential electrode material for energy storage devices, including the aqueous zinc-ion hybrid capacitor (ZIHC). Compared with the sufficient studies on the fabrication of ZIHCs with high electrochemical performance, there is still lack of in-depth understanding of the underlying mechanisms of gradient porous structure for energy storage, especially the synergistic effect of ultramicropores (<1 nm) and micropores (1-2 nm). Here, we report a design principle for the gradient porous carbon structure used for ZIHC based on the data-mining machine learning (ML) method.

Hyperoxia-activated Nrf2 regulates ferroptosis in intestinal epithelial cells and intervenes in inflammatory reaction through COX-2/PGE2/EP2 pathway.

The lack of knowledge about the mechanism of hyperoxia-induced intestinal injury has attracted considerable attention, due to the potential for this condition to cause neonatal complications. This study aimed to explore the relationship between hyperoxia-induced oxidative damage and ferroptosis in intestinal tissue and investigate the mechanism by which hyperoxia regulates inflammation through ferroptosis. The study systematically evaluated the effects of hyperoxia on oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, ferroptosis, and inflammation of intestinal epithelial cells both in vitro and in vivo.

Faces of different socio-cultural identities impact emotional meaning learning for L2 words.

This study investigated how exposure to Caucasian and Chinese faces influences native Mandarin-Chinese speakers' learning of emotional meanings for English L2 words. Participants were presented with English pseudowords repeatedly paired with either Caucasian faces or Chinese faces showing emotions of disgust, sadness, or neutrality as a control baseline. Participants' learning was evaluated through both within-modality (i.

Should all cervical cancer patients with positive lymph node receive definitive radiotherapy: a population-based comparative study.

Objective: The optimal initial management strategy for cervical cancer with lymph node metastases (LNM) remains a topic of ongoing debate. This study aimed to explore the correlation between surgery followed by postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) and definitive radiotherapy (RT), as well as their impact on the prognosis of patients with LNM.

Methods: Patients with positive lymph nodes (PLNs) in 2009 FIGO stage I-III cervical cancer were selected from SEER database.