Icariside II Preparation from Icariin Separated from Herbal Extract Powder by a Special Icariin Glycosidase.

In this study, icariside II was prepared from icariin by a special enzyme. The yield of the substrate icariin from a powdered extract of the popular herb was 16.9%.

Multi-indicators environmental impact analysis of takeaway lunch boxes based on life cycle assessment.

Conventional plastic take-out food containers exert a substantial environmental impact, necessitating the identification of viable alternatives. A quantitative study assessed the environmental traits of five takeaway lunch boxes made from distinct materials (PP, PE-coated paper, pulp molding, aluminum foil, PLA). A life cycle assessment from 'cradle to grave' was conducted on the evaluation object.

Immunomodulatory activity and molecular mechanisms of action of peptides derived from casein hydrolysate by alcalase and flavourzyme based on virtual screening.

This study aimed to screen novel immunomodulatory peptides from casein hydrolysates (CH) using alcalase and flavorzyme by virtual screening, and their molecular mechanism were further studied. Based on the primary structural characteristics of immunomodulatory peptides, along with their hydrophobicity and isoelectric point, 3 novel immunomodulatory peptides (ALPMHIR, AMKPWIQPK, NPWDQVKR) were quickly found using virtual screening. These peptides exhibited strong interactions with TLR2/TLR4 through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions.

Gelation improvement of low-salt Chinese shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis) surimi gel by L-arginine.

In this study, the effect of L-arginine (L-Arg) on the gel properties of low-salt (NaCl, 0.5 % w/w) Chinese shrimp surimi gel (SSG) was investigated and the mechanism was explored. As the L-Arg concentration was raised from 0 to 0.

Screening for Anti-Aβ Aggregation Activity of Marine Fungal Natural Products Based on a Gold Nanoparticle Method.

Screening Aβ aggregation inhibitors (AAIs) is important for Alzheimer's disease drug discovery. However, common cellular or biochemical methods are not suitable for high-throughput natural product screening. A gold nanoparticle (GNP) screening method was employed in this study to screen marine fungal crude extracts and pure compounds for quick AAI discovering.

Molecular Mechanism: Inhibition of T-2 Toxin Synthesis by Surfactin in Dried Fish: Induction of Nucleation by ROS Accumulation.

(1) T-2 toxin synthesized by () can cause deterioration of dried fish and endanger human health. (2) The molecular mechanism by which antibacterial lipopeptides surfactin inhibited growth and toxin production was elucidated by investigating the intracellular ROS production pathway and the subcellular distribution and transcriptional activity of the transcription factor and its regulation of gene in . (3) Surfactin caused hyphal damage and nucleic acid and protein leakage; thus, the growth of was disrupted.

Unraveling Whole-Genome Sequence and Functional Characterization of PH3.

( PH3) is an endophytic bacterium isolated from peanuts. It has natural resveratrol production ability and shows potential application value. This study analyzed its genetic function and metabolic mechanism through whole-genome sequencing and found that the genome size is 5,960,365 bp, the GC content is 37.

Antibacterial Activity of Phloretin Against and Its Application in Seafood.

Although phloretin is widely utilized in the food industry as an additive, its effects on foodborne pathogens remain insufficiently investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of phloretin (PHL) against () and to elucidate the potential mechanisms of action. After PHL treatment, alterations in the cell morphology, cell microstructure, and intracellular contents of were assessed.

Assessment of the impact of quinoa protein modification on silver carp surimi gel quality and its utilization in 3D printing.

This study aims to investigate the effects of different modified quinoa proteins (MQP) on the gel quality of silver carp surimi, as well as to explore their feasibility for three-dimensional (3D) printing. Five different methods were employed to modify quinoa protein, water bath (WB), microwave (MW), ultrasonic (US), microwave followed by ultrasonic (M-U), and ultrasonic followed by microwave (U-M), to prepare compound surimi gels (MQPs). The results showed that the addition of quinoa protein improved the gel quality of surimi, while the MQP had an even better effect on enhancing the gel quality.

Encapsulation of melatonin in zein/pectin composite nanoparticles: Fabrication, characterization, and in vitro release property.

In this study, the encapsulation of melatonin (MT) in zein nanoparticles was investigated via anti-solvent co-precipitation method with pectin stabilization. Compared with MT-loaded zein nanoparticles (MT-Z NPs), 1.0 mg/mL pectin led to a 92.

[Development of a tumor organoid culture system with peptide-based hydrogels].

Peptide-based hydrogel, the polymer materials with a special network structure, are widely used in various fields of biomedicine due to their stable properties and biocompatibility. Environment-responsive self-assembled peptide aqueous solutions can respond to environment changes by the self-assembly of peptides into nanofiber networks. Peptide-based hydrogels well simulate the extracellular matrix and cell growth microenvironment, being suitable for 3D cell culture and organoid culture.

Volatile flavor characteristics of scallops () with different drying methods were analyzed based on GC-IMS and GC-O-QTOF.

To investigate the effects of different drying methods on the flavor of scallops, headspace gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) combined with gas chromatography-olfactometry-quadrupole time-of-flight (GC-O-QTOF) was used to analyze the flavor of scallops processed by five drying methods. A total of 62 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were identified by GC-IMS. 27 characteristic aroma compounds were identified by GC-O-QTOF, and the highest content was trimethylamine.

Hepatocytes and mitochondria dual-targeted astaxanthin WPI-SCP nanoparticles for the alleviation of alcoholic liver injury.

Alcoholic liver injury is one of the most frequent liver diseases around the world, and nutritional intervention has been considered as an effective way to alleviate alcohol liver injury. To alleviate the liver damage caused by alcohol, a type of astaxanthin (AXT) loaded nanoparticles were designed for dual targeting of hepatocytes and mitochondria. Firstly, galactooligosaccharides (GOS) were conjugated to whey protein isolate (WPI) and sea cucumber peptide (SCP) via the Maillard reaction, achieving a grafting degree of 29 %, then triphenylphosphonium (TPP) was linked by amide reaction.

Ultraviolet (UV) assisted fabrication and characterization of lignin containing cellulose nanofibrils (LCNFs) from wood residues.

This study aimed to explore the synergistic mechanism of lignin chromophore modifications via UV treatment and to analyze the effects of mechanical treatments on LCNF properties for future uses. The procedure involved two steps: first, lignin's chromophore modification via UV illumination, and then the ball milling process was proceeded for 1 h, followed by high-intensity ultrasonic for 15-135 min. Characterization included preserved lignin content percentage, FTIR, UV-vis NMR, and color analysis for UV-modified samples, and to access the influence of mechanical treatment on LCNF samples further yield, zeta potential analysis, XRD, thermogravimetric analysis, atomic force microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy were performed.

Dragonfly wings-inspired, anti-freezing, ultra-stretchable, and transparent nano-structure sodium alginate-based hydrogel for non-delayed wearable sensing at low-temperatures.

Conductive hydrogels are regarded as an optimal flexible electronic material. Nevertheless, simultaneously achieving excellent mechanical and conductive properties in hydrogels necessitates attention. The high mechanical properties of hydrogels were achieved by employing a strategy that involves constructing a nano-structure network inspired by the highly ordered structure of dragonfly wings.

Synthesis of β-cyclodextrin magnetic-graphene-oxide pyrenyl (β-mGOP) gels for high-throughput enrichment and detection of various trace mycotoxins in food using UHPLC-cIMS.

In this research, β-cyclodextrin magnetic-graphene-oxide pyrenyl gel composite (β-mGOP) was employed to remove trace mycotoxins from food products. The β-mGOP gels exhibited a three-dimensional macroporous structure that facilitated the rapid diffusion of target molecules into the nanoporous structure of the covalent organic frameworks embedded within the gel. The adsorption process of mycotoxins onto the β-mGOP gels conformed to the pseudo-second-order kinetics and the Freundlich adsorption model.

Recovery effects of sodium carboxymethylcellulose-xanthan gum hydrogels containing peptide‑iron complexes against iron deficient anemia in vivo.

In this study, the sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and xanthan gum (XG) were used to prepare the CXM-Fe hydrogels (CMC: 20 mg/mL, XG: 10 mg/mL) with the addition of Mytilus edulis protein hydrolysate‑iron (MEPH-Fe) complexes. The incorporation of MEPH-Fe complexes formed a denser network structure and the CXM-Fe hydrogels had better pH stability as well as gastrointestinal retention ability. Compared with ferrous sulfate and MEPH-Fe complexes, the CXM-Fe hydrogels at moderate doses (Fe:2 mg/kg) showed impressive recovery effects on iron deficiency anemia (IDA) mice in terms of hematological indices, organ coefficients and iron content, antioxidant capacity, and remarkedly attenuated the infiltration of inflammatory cells as well as the levels of inflammatory factors in iron deficiency-induced colonic inflammation.

Unsupervised Learning-Assisted Acoustic-Driven Nano-Lens Holography for the Ultrasensitive and Amplification-Free Detection of Viable Bacteria.

Bacterial infection is a crucial factor resulting in public health issues worldwide, often triggering epidemics and even fatalities. The accurate, rapid, and convenient detection of viable bacteria is an effective method for reducing infections and illness outbreaks. Here, an unsupervised learning-assisted and surface acoustic wave-interdigital transducer-driven nano-lens holography biosensing platform is developed for the ultrasensitive and amplification-free detection of viable bacteria.

Emitted droplets and aerosols and their transmission when drying hands under an air-jet dryer.

When drying hands with a high-speed air jet dryer, the jet impingement on hands can quickly atomize the remnant water on the hand skins into droplets and aerosols. Emission of droplets and liquid aerosols, their spatial transport and the possible inhaling exposure to the hand dryer user remain unclear. This investigation measured the jet flows from a downward air jet dryer, by the particle image velocimetry (PIV), the helium bubble trajectory analysis, and an ultrasonic anemometer.

Brain functional gradients are related to cortical folding gradient.

Cortical folding is closely linked to brain functions, with gyri acting more like local functional "hubs" to integrate information than sulci do. However, understanding how anatomical constraints relate to complex functions remains fragmented. One possible reason is that the relationship is estimated on brain mosaics divided by brain functions and cortical folding patterns.

Hizikia fusiforme polysaccharides synergized with fecal microbiota transplantation to alleviate gut microbiota dysbiosis and intestinal inflammation.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is closely associated with disruptions in gut microbiota. Restoring balance to gut microbiota and reducing intestinal inflammation has become a promising therapeutic approach for UC. However, challenges remain, including limited efficacy in some treatments.

Elucidation of pineapple softening based on cell wall polysaccharides degradation during storage.

The degradation of cell wall polysaccharides in pineapple fruit during softening was investigated in the present study. Two pectin fractions and two hemicellulose fractions were extracted from the cell wall materials of 'Comte de Paris' pineapple fruit at five softening stages, and their compositional changes were subsequently analyzed. The process of softening of the fruit corresponded to an increase in the water-soluble pectin (WSP) and 1 M KOH-soluble hemicellulose (HC1) fractions, and a decrease in the acid-soluble pectin (ASP) fraction, which suggested the solubilization and conversion of cellular wall components.