Micropore Resistance Counting Platform for Multiplexed and Ultrasensitive Detection of Mycotoxins and Biomarkers.

Development of a multiplexed and sensitive biosensing platform is a priority for public health security. We report a micropore resistance counting platform based on polystyrene microsphere size-based encoding and Argonaute (CbAgo) decoding for multiplexed and ultrasensitive detection. Initially, we constructed a target DNA-modified polystyrene microsphere coding system based on micropore resistance counting.

Multiplexed food-borne pathogen detection using an argonaute-mediated digital sensor based on a magnetic-bead-assisted imaging transcoding system.

Accurate, sensitive and multiplexed detection of food-borne pathogens is crucial for assessing food safety risks. Here we present a digital DNA-amplification-free nucleic acid detection assay to achieve multiplexed and ultrasensitive detection of three food-borne pathogens. We used mesophilic Clostridium butyricum argonaute and magnetic beads in a digital carrier system (d-MAGIC).

Titanium nitride sensor for selective NO detection.

Efficient detection methods are needed to monitor nitrogen dioxide (NO), a major NO pollutant from fossil fuel combustion that poses significant threats to both ecology and human health. Current NO detection technologies face limitations in stability and selectivity. Here, we present a transition metal nitride sensor that exhibits exceptional selectivity for NO, demonstrating a sensitivity 30 times greater than that of the strongest interfering gas, NO.

Conference 2024: Building an innovative scientific research ecosystem for microbiome and One Health.

The Conference 2024 provides a platform to promote the development of an innovative scientific research ecosystem for microbiome and One Health. The four key components - Technology, Research (Biology), Academic journals, and Social media - form a synergistic ecosystem. Advanced technologies drive biological research, which generates novel insights that are disseminated through academic journals.

Elevating sensory quality through a dual-acid preservation strategy in ready-to-eat crayfish (Procambarus clarkii).

This study presents a targeted dual-acid preservation strategy for ready-to-eat crayfish (Procambarus clarkii), integrating a blend of phytic and lactic acids to fortify key sensory attributes throughout the storage phase. The primary objective was to maintain the sensory attributes of the crayfish during a 30-day storage period under 40 °C. Our approach significantly bolstered color retention by suppressing Maillard reactions and lipid oxidation, thereby maintaining the product's visual allure.

Age-related unstable transient states and imbalanced activation proportion of brain networks in people with autism spectrum disorder: A resting-state fMRI study using coactivation pattern analyses.

The atypical static brain functions related to the executive control network (ECN), default mode network (DMN), and salience network (SN) in people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been widely reported. However, their transient functions in ASD are not clear. We aim to identify transient network states (TNSs) using coactivation pattern (CAP) analysis to characterize the age-related atypical transient functions in ASD.

Identification of the arachidonic acid 5-lipoxygenase and its function in the immunity of Apostichopus japonicus.

A number of studies have been demonstrated that arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX-5) plays a role in regulating a range of physiological and pathological processes through the catalysis of leukotriene formation from arachidonic acid (ARA). The coding sequence of ALOX-5 from Apostichopus japonicus (Aj-ALOX-5) was successfully amplified, resulting in a 2028 bp ORF sequence that encodes 674 amino acids. A comparison of the amino acid sequence with those of other 5-lipoxygenases revealed that Aj-ALOX-5 has the N-terminal "PLAT domain" and C-terminal "lipoxygenase structural domain" characteristic of this enzyme family.

Preventive effect of sea bass protein-based high internal phase Pickering emulsion loaded with astaxanthin on DEHP-induced liver lipid metabolism disorder.

The present study was to investigate the effect of the astaxanthin high internal phase Pickering emulsion (H-AXT) on DEHP-induced liver lipid metabolism disorder and to demonstrate its possible protective mechanism. We have developed an antioxidant activity emulsion system to deliver astaxanthin into the liver to maximize its ability to protect the liver. In vitro, H-AXT intervention inhibited oxidative stress restored the level of mitochondrial membrane potential to 90 % of that of normal LO2 cells, and alleviated the imbalance of energy metabolism by protecting mitochondrial structure and function.

Effect of oxidation on finely segmented products of snakehead: Digestibility and microstructure.

The present study was performed to investigate the digestive profiles of snakeheads' belly muscles (BM), tail muscles (TM) dorsal muscles (DM), and eye muscles (EM), with further explorations of relevant factors. Kinetic models were adopted to describe the digestion process with crucial parameters. BM showed the highest digestibility and digestive rate, followed by DM, TM, and EM.

Study on the antioxidant and antiosteoporotic activities of the oyster peptides prepared by ultrasound-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis.

In this study, the effects of ultrasound-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis on the production of antioxidant and antiosteoporotic peptides derived from oysters were investigated. Results showed that ultrasound-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis significantly enhanced the peptide content, free radical scavenging ability, and ferric reducing antioxidant power of total oyster protein hydrolysate (TOPH), with optimal results achieved at 200 W (TOPH-200). Correspondingly, ultrasound treatment at 200 W increased the exposure of hydrophobic regions, reduced α-helix content, and facilitated the generation of small molecular weight peptides in TOPH.

Lignin and copper nanocomposite coating for antibacterial mask.

Lignin is a natural phenolic polymer characterized with renewable, sustainable and biocompatible, but yet remain underutilized. In the post-pandemic era, people are conventionally reusing mask but without any disinfections to prevent infection of virus in public places, which could lead to accumulation of bacteria and secondary infections. The development of antibacterial mask from lignin would simultaneously address the hygiene issues of used mask due to microbe accumulation and provide novel approach for lignin valorization.

Exploring the Impact of Different Processing Techniques on Quality and Flavor Characteristics in Hoki Steak Soups.

This study investigated the effect of different processing methods (boiling, oil boiling, and stir frying) on the flavor of hoki steak soups. The quality of different fillet broths was explored by pH, Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and color. E-nose, E-tongue, and gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) combined with free amino acids (FAAs) were used to analyze the flavor of hoki steak soups.

Oral Lactoferrin-Responsive Formulation Anchoring around Inflammatory Bowel Region for IBD Therapy.

Oral formulation is the ideal treatment method for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) therapy, but the mucosal damage and diarrhea symptoms impede the drug retention around the inflammatory region, severely limiting IBD therapeutic efficacy. To address this, an oral astaxanthin (Ast) precise delivery formulation is developed with the selective Ast anchoring around the inflammatory region by the novel lactoferrin (LF)-responsive flocculation. This formulation also heightens the apparent solubility of Ast with the minimized edible safety risks for the edible raw materials.

Advanced characterization of fish skin gelatin-proanthocyanidins covalent and non-covalent composite emulsions for benzyl isothiocyanate delivery.

This research endeavored to engineer robust delivery matrices for bioactives, specifically benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC), by harnessing the synergistic covalent and non-covalent interactions between fish skin gelatin (FSG) and proanthocyanidins (PC) to synthesize novel composite emulsions. The objective was to delineate the influence of these molecular interactions on the emulsion's structural integrity and stability, which are pivotal for the efficacious encapsulation and controlled release of BITC. Employing a suite of analytical techniques, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), fluorescence spectroscopy, and contact angle measurements, the study delineated the predominant molecular forces at play within the FSG-PC complex, identifying electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions as the cornerstones of this interaction.

Achieving Photocatalytic Overall Nitrogen Fixation via an Enzymatic Pathway on a Distorted CoP4 Configuration.

Photocatalytic nitrogen (N2) fixation over semiconductors has always suffered from poor conversion efficiency owing to weak N2 adsorption and the difficulty of N≡N triple bond dissociation. Herein, a Co single-atom catalyst (SAC) model with a C-defect-evoked CoP4 distorted configuration was fabricated using a selective phosphidation strategy, wherein P-doping and C defects co-regulate the local electronic structure of Co sites. Comprehensive experiments and theoretical calculations revealed that the distorted CoP4 configuration caused a strong charge redistribution between the Co atoms and adjacent C atoms, minimizing their electronegativity difference.

Glycosylation of oyster peptides by COS ameliorates zinc deficiency-induced syndromes: intestinal inflammation and imbalance of the gut microbiota .

Zinc is essential for maintaining the integrity and repair of small intestinal epithelial cells while zinc deficiency could induce the inflammatory infiltration and imbalance of intestinal flora in the intestine. In this study, glycosylation between oyster protein hydrolysate (OPH) and chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) was conducted and used as the carrier of zinc ions (OCZn). The results of zeta potential and particle size distribution showed that the OPH-COS successfully bound to zinc ions to form OCZn with a surface zinc content of 0.

The dynamical behavior effects of different numbers of discrete memristive synaptic coupled neurons.

Two types of neuron models are constructed in this paper, namely the single discrete memristive synaptic neuron model and the dual discrete memristive synaptic neuron model. Firstly, it is proved that both models have only one unstable equilibrium point. Then, the influence of the coupling strength parameters and neural membrane amplification coefficient of the corresponding system of the two models on the rich dynamical behavior of the systems is analyzed.

Mechanism of differentiated and targeted catalysis in complex lipid system under lipase and lipoxygenase mediation.

The regulation of reaction rate differentiation, catalytic precursor differentiation, and end-product differentiation during enzyme-mediated reactions within complex lipid systems is a key area of research in flavor regulation. A multilayer lipid oxidation model, utilizing Plaice bone oil (PBO), lipase, and lipoxygenase, was employed to investigate oxidation differences between various lipids and corresponding flavor formation patterns. Lipase treatment resulted in higher levels of non‑oxygenated volatile compounds and saturated aldehydes, whereas lipoxygenase treatment increased oxygenated compounds, particularly (E)-2-hexenal, 1-penten-3-one, and 2-pentylfuran.

Differences and mechanisms of color deterioration in three types of ready-to-eat shellfishes during storage.

Ready-to-eat (RTE) abalones, scallops and oysters were prepared through a process of cooking, drying, vacuum packaging, and high-temperature sterilization, and were subjected to accelerated storage. Upon storage, the three RTE shellfishes all showed color deterioration, as indicated by darker color, decreased L* and W* values, and increased a* value. In contrast, the color deterioration of RTE oysters was more pronounced.

Effect of cooking conditions on sea urchin dumplings.

The objective of this study was to investigate the changes in flavour and taste of sea urchin dumplings subjected to different cooking methods, utilising gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS), electronic tongue (E-tongue) analysis, free amino acid content assessment and sensory evaluation. The GC-IMS technique successfully detected 69 volatile compounds in the skin and 60 volatile compounds in the filling of the boiled dumplings. From the established fingerprints, it was found that there were significant differences in the flavour compounds of dumplings skins among the groups.

Collagen peptides alleviate estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis by enhancing osteoblast differentiation and mineralization.

Background: Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disorder characterized by decreased bone mass and impaired bone microarchitecture because of an imbalance between bone resorption and formation. Existing pharmacological treatments often have significant side effects and mainly focus on inhibiting bone resorption. Other than inhibiting osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, the present study also investigates the potential role of sheepskin collagen peptide (SSCP) in bone formation by promoting osteoblast proliferation, differentiation and mineralization.

Angiotensin-I-converting enzyme inhibitory peptides from eel () bone collagen: preparation, identification, molecular docking, and protective function on HUVECs.

Introduction: Hypertension is a chronic cardiovascular disease, which can trigger some disease such as heart failure, loss of vision or kidney. There were various peptides derived from food that are recognized for their ability to inhibit ACE activity, potentially leading to a reduction in blood pressure levels . The primary objective of this research is to discover ACE inhibitory peptides from protein hydrolysates of eel bone collagen (EBCHs).

Selenium nanoparticles decorated by fucoidan induce ferroptosis in HepG2 cells.

Unlike apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy, ferroptosis is a novel type of regulated cell death, and the mechanism by which selenium nanoparticles induce ferroptosis in cancer cells has rarely been investigated. To investigate the mechanism of inhibition of HepG2 cell proliferation by fucoidan-selenium nanoparticles (FD-SeNPs) by inducing ferroptosis. The mechanism was explored by detecting ROS, MDA, GSH and Fe and utilizing TEM and Western blot assay.