Early-life enrichment in American mink (): Enrichment of the perinatal environment improves maternal nest building and reduces stereotypic behaviour.

Pens for farmed mink () commonly include separate nesting areas to provide privacy and warmth in the perinatal period. However, standard bedding materials may not be sufficient to allow intrinsically motivated nest-building behaviours in dams. Further, these materials may not produce optimal nest structures for the rearing of kits.

Early-life enrichment in American mink (): Effects of juvenile physical enrichment on behaviour, temperament, and long-term stereotypic behaviour.

A single manipulable enrichment is often introduced to the pens of farmed American mink () to combat stereotypic behaviour and behaviours or temperaments associated with poor welfare (e.g. inactivity, fear, and aggression).

Effects on soil carbon storage from municipal biosolids application to agricultural fields.

This study investigated the influence of biosolid applications on soil carbon storage and evaluated nutrient management strategies affecting soil carbon dynamics. The research assessed alterations in soil pH, soil carbon stock, and soil nitrogen content within short-term and long-term biosolids-amended soils in Bible Hill, Nova Scotia, Canada, extending to a depth of 0-60 cm. The findings indicated an increase in soil pH with alkaline treatment biosolids (ATB) applications across both study sites, with a legacy effect on soil pH noted in the long-term biosolids-amended soil following a single ATB application over 13 years.

Effect of biosolids amendment on the fate and mobility of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in a field-based lysimeter cell study.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used globally to treat and prevent illness. Biosolids change physico-chemical characteristics of soil and can affect the mobility of NSAIDs. A field-based lysimeter study evaluated the effect of three rates (0, 7, and 28 Mg ha) of alkaline treated biosolids (ATB) on the leaching potential of naproxen (NPX), ibuprofen (IBF), and ketoprofen (KTF) over 34 days in a sandy loam textured soil.

Biodegradation kinetics of individual and mixture non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in an agricultural soil receiving alkaline treated biosolids.

Land application of biosolids is one potential source of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) into agricultural soils. Degradation is an important natural attenuation pathway that affects the fate and transport of PPCPs in the soil system and biosolids application could alter the process. The present study assessed the effect of individual and mixture compound environments on the biodegradation rate and half-life of three non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), naproxen (NPX), ibuprofen (IBF), and ketoprofen (KTF), in a loamy sand textured agricultural soil receiving an alkaline treated biosolid (ATB) amendment.

A comparison between intraperitoneal injection and intranasal and oral inoculation of mink with Aleutian mink disease virus.

Intranasal, with (INS) and without (IN) sedation, and oral inoculation were compared with intraperitoneal (IP) injection for establishing infection with a local isolate of Aleutian mink disease virus (AMDV) in 35 American mink. Blood samples were collected on 0, 21, 36 and 56 day post-inoculation (dpi). Antiviral-antibodies and viral DNA in plasma and tissues were measured by counter-immunoelectrophoresis (CIEP) and PCR, respectively.

The Economy of Shark Conservation in the Northeast Pacific: The Role of Ecotourism and Citizen Science.

Historically sharks have been seen either as a source of income through harvesting, or as a nuisance and danger. The economic value of sharks has traditionally been measured as the total value of sharks caught for liver oil, fins, or meat for consumption. Sharks have also been killed to near extinction in cases where they were seen as a threat to fisheries on other species.

A fast and accurate method of detecting Aleutian mink disease virus in blood and tissues of chronically infected mink.

The objective of this study was to assess the sensitivity of the Omni Klentaq-LA DNA polymerase for detecting Aleutian mink disease virus (AMDV) in mink blood and tissues by PCR without DNA extraction. The presence of AMDV DNA was directly tested by Klentaq in the plasma, serum, whole blood, and spleen homogenates of 188 mink 4 and 16 months after inoculation with the virus. Samples from bone marrow, small intestine, liver, lungs, kidneys, and lymph nodes of 20 of the same mink were also tested by Klentaq.

Parahepatospora carcini n. gen., n. sp., a parasite of invasive Carcinus maenas with intermediate features of sporogony between the Enterocytozoon clade and other microsporidia.

Parahepatospora carcini n. gen. n.

Accuracy of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for quantification of antibodies against Aleutian mink disease virus.

There is a growing interest among mink ranchers to select their stock for tolerance to the Aleutian mink disease virus (AMDV). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) are used to identify mink which have low anti-AMDV antibody titres and are expected to tolerate the AMDV infection. The objective of this study was to calculate the accuracy of three ELISA systems which were performed on blood or serum of AMDV-inoculated American mink (Neovison vison) at five laboratories in Canada, USA, Finland, the Netherlands and Denmark.