Gut microbiome and clinical and lifestyle host factors associated with recurrent positive RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2.

Background: SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 are still active in the population. Some patients remained PCR-positive for more than 4 weeks, called "persistently PCR-positive". Recent evidence suggests a link between the gut microbiota and susceptibility to COVID-19, although no studies have explored persistent PCR conditions.

Fermentation with Lactic Acid Bacteria for Bean Flour Improvement: Experimental Study and Molecular Modeling as Complementary Tools.

Pulses are considered superfoods for the future world due to their properties, but they require processing to reduce antinutritional factors (ANFs) and increase bioactivity. In this study, bean flour ( L.) was fermented under different conditions (addition of CRL 2211 and/or CRL 2182, temperature, time and dough yield) to improve its nutri-functional quality.

A methyl esterase from Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum reshapes the prebiotic properties of apple pectin by triggering differential modulatory capacity in faecal cultures.

Pectin structures have received increasing attention as emergent prebiotics due to their capacity to promote beneficial intestinal bacteria. Yet the collective activity of gut bacterial communities to cooperatively metabolize structural variants of this substrate remains largely unknown. Herein, the characterization of a pectin methylesterase, BpeM, from Bifidobacterium longum subsp.

Study of the intestinal microbiota composition and the effect of treatment with intensive chemotherapy in patients recovered from acute leukemia.

A dataset comprising metagenomes of outpatients (n = 28) with acute leukemia (AL) and healthy controls (n = 14) was analysed to investigate the associations between gut microbiota composition and metabolic activity and AL. According to the results obtained, no significant differences in the microbial diversity between AL outpatients and healthy controls were found. However, significant differences in the abundance of specific microbial clades of healthy controls and AL outpatients were found.

Evaluation of a Shotgun Metagenomics Approach for Detection of ESBL- and/or Carbapenemase-Producing in Culture Negative Patients Recovered from Acute Leukemia.

Patients diagnosed with acute leukemia (AL) have a weakened immune system. Infections acquired by these patients are cause for concern and especially worrisome when Gram-negative multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria are involved, as they are difficult to treat, especially in the case of ESBL- and/or carbapenemase-producing . Culture-based approaches have been relied on over the past decades as the method of choice for the early detection of gut colonization by MDR Gram-negative bacteria.

A Broad-Spectrum Phage Endolysin (LysCP28) Able to Remove Biofilms and Inactivate Strains.

is a gram-positive, anaerobic, spore-forming bacterium capable of producing four major toxins which cause disease symptoms and pathogenesis in humans and animals. strains carrying enterotoxins can cause food poisoning in humans and are associated with meat consumption. An endolysin, named LysCP28, is encoded by orf28 from bacteriophage BG3P.

Administration of CECT 30632 to elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic: Nasal and fecal metataxonomic analysis and fatty acid profiling.

Elderly was the most affected population during the first COVID-19 and those living in nursing homes represented the most vulnerable group, with high mortality rates, until vaccines became available. In a previous article, we presented an open-label trial showing the beneficial effect of the strain CECT 30632 (previously known as MP101) on the functional and nutritional status, and on the nasal and fecal inflammatory profiles of elderly residing in a nursing home highly affected by the pandemic. The objective of this analysis was to elucidate if there were changes in the nasal and fecal bacteriomes of a subset of these patients as a result of the administration of the strain for 4 months and, also, its impact on their fecal fatty acids profiles.

Survival Strategies and Metabolic Interactions between Ruminococcus gauvreauii and , Isolated from Human Bile.

Little is known about the bacteria that reside in the human gallbladder and the mechanisms that allow them to survive within this harsh environment. Here we describe interactions between two strains from a human bile sample, one Ruminococcus gauvreauii (IPLA60001), belonging to the family, and the other, designated as Ruminococcoides bili (IPLA60002; DSM 110008) most closely related to Ruminococcus bromii within the family Ruminococcaceae. We provide evidence for bile salt resistance and sporulation for these new strains.

The Broad Host Range Phage vB_CpeS_BG3P Is Able to Inhibit Growth.

Clostridium perfringens is an important pathogen for both humans and animals, causing human foodborne disease and necrotic enteritis in poultry. In the present study, a C. perfringens-specific phage, vB_CpeS_BG3P (designated as BG3P hereafter), was isolated from chicken farm sewage.

A Proposed Framework to Identify Dispensable and Essential Functions in Bifidobacteria: Case Study of Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 as a Prototype of Its Genus.

Functional genomics of bacteria commonly aims at establishing genotype-phenotype links in microorganisms of industrial, technological and biomedical relevance. In this regard, random transposon mutagenesis coupled to high-throughput next-generation sequencing approaches, termed transposon-insertion sequencing (TIS), has emerged as a robust, genome-wide alternative to perform functional genome analysis. Though these approaches have been used in a large number of studies involving pathogenic and clinically relevant bacteria, they have received little attention in the fields of commensal and potentially beneficial bacteria, including probiotic microorganisms.

Apple pomaces derived from mono-varietal Asturian ciders production are potential source of pectins with appealing functional properties.

Comprehensive chemical characterization of nine mono-varietal apple pomaces obtained from the production of ciders with PDO is described. They were rich in essential minerals, fibers (35-52.9 %), and polyphenols.

Methods for Isolation and Recovery of Bifidobacteria.

Since their discovery, bifidobacteria have been considered to represent cornerstone commensal microorganisms in the host-microbiome interface at the intestinal level. Bifidobacteria have therefore enjoyed increasing scientific and commercial interest as a source of microorganisms with probiotic potential. However, since functional and probiotic traits are strictly strain-dependent, there is a constant need to isolate, cultivate, and characterize novel strains, activities that require the utilization of appropriate media, as well as robust isolation, cultivation, and preservation techniques.

Staphylococcal Biofilms: Challenges and Novel Therapeutic Perspectives.

Staphylococci, like and , are common colonizers of the human microbiota. While being harmless in many cases, many virulence factors result in them being opportunistic pathogens and one of the major causes of hospital-acquired infections worldwide. One of these virulence factors is the ability to form biofilms-three-dimensional communities of microorganisms embedded in an extracellular polymeric matrix (EPS).

Molecules Produced by Probiotics and Intestinal Microorganisms with Immunomodulatory Activity.

Probiotics are live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host. The probiotic microorganisms most commonly used in the food and pharmacy industry belong to and , and several strains of these genera have demonstrated beneficial attributes. In addition, some other intestinal bacteria inhabiting the human microbiota, such as and , have recently been discovered and are able to display health-promoting effects in animal and human trials.

Modulation of the eps-ome transcription of bifidobacteria through simulation of human intestinal environment.

Bacterial exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are mono- or oligo-saccharide units linked by glycosidic bonds, forming homo- or hetero-polymers. In gut commensals, these macromolecules are claimed to protect bacterial cells against gastrointestinal challenges and to be involved in modulating the cross talk between the producing bacterium and its gut environment. The predicted EPS arsenal of theBifidobacteriumgenus, which we designate here as theeps-ome, consists of 9epsgene clusters conserved among different bifidobacterial species and a further 44 uniqueepsloci, together representing a large proportion of the inter(sub)species variability identified among bifidobacterial genomes.

Dual-coated lactic acid bacteria: an emerging innovative technology in the field of probiotics.

Probiotics are living micro-organisms that do not naturally have shelf life, and normally are weakly protected against the digestive action of the GI tract. A new dual coating technology has been developed in an effort to maximize survival, that is, to be able to reach the intestine alive and in sufficient numbers to confer the beneficial health effects on the host. Dual-coating of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) is the result of fourth-generation coating technology for the protection of these bacteria at least 100-fold or greater than the uncoated LAB.