Cross-sectional area and echo intensity values of peripheral nerves: Ultrasonographic and cadaveric correlation.

Introduction: Ultrasonography allows high-resolution visualisation of the peripheral nerves for quantitative and qualitative analyses. We report cross-sectional area values (quantitative measure) and echo intensity values (qualitative measure) for 46 peripheral nerve sites in upper and lower extremities in cadaveric specimens.

Objective: To determine cross-sectional area values and echo intensity values of peripheral nerves of upper and lower extremities at 46 nerve sites.

Ethical Issues in ABA-based Service Provision for Autism in Limited-Resource Contexts: A Case Example of the People's Republic of China.

Recommendations for intervention for young children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) focus on early, intensive, and often individual intervention based on methods of applied behavior analysis. In much of the world, there are few options for early intervention. This article examines this question: in a context where intensive and high staff-to-student ratio intervention is not possible, how can provision of high-quality evidence-based intervention be ensured? We consider the case of China, where intervention for young children with autism is provided at diverse educational organizations, and funding limitations impact teacher-to-student ratio.

Examining the Role of Physical Activity Interventions in Modulating Androgens and Cardiovascular Health in Postmenopausal Women: A Narrative Review.

A growing body of literature has examined the role of physical activity (PA) in modifying the effects of estrogen withdrawal on cardiovascular health in postmenopausal women, but the impact of PA on androgens is less clear. Changes in androgen concentrations following regular PA may improve cardiovascular health. This narrative review summarizes the literature assessing the impact of PA interventions on androgens in postmenopausal women.

Concept Analysis of Systems Thinking in the Context of Interprofessional Practice and Improved Patient Outcomes.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to explore the definition and application of systems thinking (ST) in interprofessional practice and improved patient outcomes.

Background: Nurse educators need a universal definition of ST to implement in curricula to foster quality and safety while enhancing outcomes for nursing students.

Method: The QSEN RN-BSN Task Force used the hybrid model of concept analysis to identify the process of fostering ST in clinical and didactic learning experiences and how ST changed over time from the perspective of educators.

The development of a scale to assess children's and adolescents' sleep environments.

Study Objectives: To develop a measure of children's sleep environments and to assess its initial reliability and validity.

Methods: This cross-sectional study consisted of an online survey for parents of children ages 5-18 years across the United States. A total of 840 parents/caregivers ( = 40.

A newly recognized theropod assemblage from the Lewisville Formation (Woodbine Group; Cenomanian) and its implications for understanding Late Cretaceous Appalachian terrestrial ecosystems.

While the terrestrial fossil record of the mid-Cretaceous interval (Aptian to Cenomanian) in North America has been poorly studied, the recent focus on fossil localities from the western United States has offered a more detailed picture of vertebrate diversity, ecosystem dynamics and faunal turnover that took place on the western landmass of Laramidia. This is in stark contrast to the terrestrial record from the eastern landmass of Appalachia, where vertebrate fossils are rare and consist mostly of isolated and fragmentary remains. However, a detailed understanding of these fossil communities during this interval is necessary for comparison of the faunal patterns that developed during the opening of the Western Interior Seaway (WIS).

Pressure Injuries in Critical Care Patients in US Hospitals: Results of the International Pressure Ulcer Prevalence Survey.

Purpose: The purpose of this secondary analysis was to examine pressure injury (PI) prevalence, PI risk factors, and prevention practices among adult critically ill patients in critical care units in the United States using the International Pressure Ulcer Prevalence™ (IPUP) Survey database from 2018 to 2019.

Design: Observational, cohort study with cross-sectional data collection and retrospective data analysis.

Subjects And Setting: The sample comprised 41,866 critical care patients drawn from a sample of 296,014 patients in US acute care facilities who participated in the 2018 and/or 2019 IPUP surveys.

Equal Benefits? An Examination of the Potential Consequences of Later School Start Times for Adolescents and Their Mental Health.

Background: Given the documented benefits of later school start times on adolescents' mental health, the aim of the current study was to examine if the association between school start times and depressive symptoms differed across adolescents from families of different socioeconomic status levels.

Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, the current study incorporated an online survey for high school students and their parents across the United States, with average sleep duration measured through a 7-day sleep diary. A total of 193 adolescent (Mean  = 15.

Shocks to the system: The influence of COVID-19-related stressors on coparental and family functioning.

In addition to the fears associated with contracting COVID-19, the pandemic has forced families across the United States to quickly transition to new patterns of living. These transitions present new stressors, including health-related concerns, new demands placed on families by lockdowns and stay-at-home orders, and the possibility of losing a job or inability to pay bills. Such stressors have the potential to disrupt collaboration between coparents in addition to basic family functioning.

An interprofessional activity involving pharmacy and physician assistant students aimed at reinforcing the patient care process.

Background: Pharmacy students should have the opportunity to practice applying the Pharmacists' Patient Care Process (PPCP) in an interprofessional environment. The purpose of this study was to compare the change in students' confidence in their ability to complete the five steps of the PPCP before and after participation in an interprofessional activity involving physician assistant (PA) students.

Interprofessional Education Activity: Second-year pharmacy students and second-year PA students completed an activity in teams of six (four pharmacy and two PA students per team) in which they applied the PPCP to a patient case to create a plan of care.

Pressure Injury Prevalence in Acute Care Hospitals With Unit-Specific Analysis: Results From the International Pressure Ulcer Prevalence (IPUP) Survey Database.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine overall pressure injury (PI) prevalence and hospital-acquired pressure injury (HAPI) prevalence in US acute care hospitals. Additionally, analysis of patient characteristics associated with HAPIs will be presented.

Design: Observational, cross-sectional cohort study.

Impact of Web-Based Meeting Platform Usage on Overall Well-Being among Higher Education Employees.

During the ongoing global pandemic, faculty, staff and administrators at colleges and universities experienced an increase in meetings using web-based platforms. Challenges were identified related to the changes from face-to-face to web-based meetings, including internet connectivity, inadequate technology and distractions in the online environment, which led to questions about how meetings that use web-based platforms may contribute to overall stress and well-being during the pandemic. The research related to the use of web-based meeting platforms is limited.

Adolescent and parent sleep quality mediates the impact of family processes on family members' psychological distress.

Objective: To examine the role of adolescents' and their parents' sleep quality as mediators of family-level processes and family members' psychological distress (ie, anxiety/depressive symptoms).

Design: Short-term prospective design with an initial survey followed by a 7-day twice-daily (morning and evening) diary.

Setting: Online survey for high school students and their parents across the United States.

Shining a Light on the Challenging Behaviors of Adolescents with Comorbid Diagnoses: Use of Pictorial Concurrent Operant Preference Assessment.

Currently, there are no published studies that have used the concurrent operant preference assessment procedure to identify functions of challenging behaviors displayed by individuals with comorbid diagnoses. Four participants (aged 11-16 years) with comorbid diagnoses who displayed multiple challenging behaviors were referred to this study. We modified the standard concurrent operant preference assessment and used the new modified version, the , to identify the functions of the challenging behaviors.

Dispositional mindfulness predicting psychological adjustment among college students: the role of rumination and gender.

Objective: This study examined rumination as a mediator of the relationship between dispositional mindfulness (DM) and depression, loneliness, and anxiety, while considering gender as a moderator of these mediation models.

Participants: Three hundred and nineteen undergraduate students (49.5% female;  = 18.

Examination of the effects of age, sex, and motor ability level on balance capabilities in children with cerebral palsy GMFCS levels I, II, III and typical development using the Pediatric Balance Scale.

Purpose: Explore effects of age, sex, and motor ability level on balance capabilities in preschoolers with and without Cerebral Palsy (CP).

Method: PBS was administered to 477 children 24 through 59 months: 258 with typical development (TD) and 219 with CP GMFCS levels I, II and III.

Results: 3-way ANOVA indicated PBS scores were significantly affected by age (F4,437=26.

Daytime sleepiness underlies the link between adverse parenting and youth psychopathology among adolescent girls.

Introduction: Adverse parenting is associated with sleep problems in adolescence, including sleep quality, inadequate sleep, and daytime sleepiness. Adolescents who experience sleep problems are at greater risk for developing internalizing and externalizing problems. However, research on the intervening role of sleep in the link between adverse parenting and youth psychopathology remains limited.

"Is there anything else you would like me to know?": Applying a trauma-informed approach to the administration of the adverse childhood experiences questionnaire.

Nearly ubiquitous agreement exists regarding the potentially negative impact of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on health and well-being across the lifespan. This has propelled a movement across the nation for consistent screening of ACEs. Despite agreement regarding the consequences of ACEs, little research related specifically to the administration of the ACE questionnaire exists.

Holding onto Hurt: The Prevalence of Interpersonal Hurt and Need for Forgiveness-Focused Solutions for Hospice Family Caregivers.

Interpersonal hurt or offenses are common human experiences. Bereavement may be impacted for caregivers of a terminally ill loved one when these experiences occur. To determine the prevalence and impact of interpersonal hurt-based experiences for hospice caregivers and interest in forgiveness-based support.

The day-to-day impact of nighttime noise disturbances on college students' psychological functioning.

To understand environmental predictors (i.e., nighttime noise disturbance) of sleep health (i.

Psychological, Behavioral, and Interpersonal Effects and Clinical Implications for Health Systems of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic: A Call for Research.

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) emerged at the end of 2019 and was classified as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020. Both the COVID-19 emergency and the extraordinary measures to contain it have negatively affected the life of billions of people and have threatened individuals and nations. One of the main goals of clinical and health psychology during this pandemic is to investigate the behavioral, cognitive, emotional, and psychobiological responses to the COVID-19 emergency as well as to the preventive measures that have been imposed by governments to limit the contagion, such as social isolation.

Dry needling curricula in entry-level education programs in the United States for physical therapists.

 The objective of this paper was to determine the extent to which dry needling is instructed in entry-level education programs for physical therapists.  Program directors from 226 entry-level education programs recognized by the Commission on Accreditation in Physical Therapy Education were recruited via e-mail to participate in an anonymous 35-item electronic survey during the 2017-2018 academic year.  The survey evaluated dry needling curricula, faculty qualifications, attitudes and experience, and programs' future plans for teaching dry needling.

Telehealth and Physical Therapy Clinical Decision Making in a Patient with a Falcine Meningioma.

Telehealth utilizes information technologies and communication networks to deliver healthcare and education with lower costs and improved access, quality, and efficiency of healthcare services. This report describes the application of telehealth for medical screening, clinical decision making, and medical referral in a physical therapy practice. The patient described was a 50-year old man who contacted his physical therapist via telephone for a chief complaint of worsening left sided numbness and tingling that began insidiously 2 days prior.