Mapping the proteomic landscape and anti-inflammatory role of Streptococcus parauberis extracellular vesicles.

Bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) are nanoscale membrane-bound structures involved in intercellular communication and transport of bioactive molecules. In this study, we described the proteomic insight and anti-inflammatory activity of Streptococcus parauberis BEVs (SpEVs). Proteomics analysis of SpEVs identified 6209 distinct peptides and 1039 proteins.

RFC2 may contribute to the pathogenicity of Williams syndrome revealed in a zebrafish model.

Williams syndrome (WS) is a rare multisystemic disorder caused by recurrent microdeletions on 7q11.23, characterized by intellectual disability, distinctive craniofacial and dental features, and cardiovascular problems. Previous studies have explored the roles of individual genes within these microdeletions in contributing to WS phenotypes.

Units containing telomeric repeats are prevalent in subtelomeric regions of a Mesorhabditis isolate collected from the Republic of Korea.

Background: Mesorhabditis is known for its somatic genome being only a small portion of the germline genome due to programmed DNA elimination. This phenotype may be associated with the maintenance of telomeres at the ends of fragmented somatic chromosomes.

Objective: To comprehensively investigate the telomeric regions of Mesorhabditis nematodes at the sequence level, we endeavored to collect a Mesorhabditis nematode in the Republic of Korea and acquire its highly contiguous genome sequences.

Copper-Catalyzed Diamination of Alkenes using -Benzoylhydroxylamines to Access the Four Azaindoline Families.

A mild and efficient method for the copper-catalyzed diamination of alkenes is described. In this reaction, -benzoylhydroxylamine serves as an electrophilic nitrogen source for the regioselective formation of C-N bonds. This transformation provides a novel strategy for synthesizing all four isomeric 2,3-disubstituted azaindoline families and offers a wide substrate scope.

Developing veterinary basic clinical skill items based on Korean Veterinary Entrustable Professional Activity.

Importance: Developing clinical skills is an essential element of veterinary education to ensure the competency of veterinary graduates. Although the Korean Veterinary Education Graduation Competencies were established in 2016, reflecting domestic needs and international trends in competency-based veterinary education, they have yet to be implemented in Korean veterinary education.

Objective: This study aimed to establish the basic veterinary clinical skills required to ensure graduates of Korean veterinary universities have the day-one competency to independently perform their professional duties.

Trivalent arsenicals induce skin toxicity through thiol depletion.

Arsenic, a widespread environmental contaminant, is highly toxic to human health. Arsenic exposure is associated with the occurrence of skin lesions and diseases. This study investigated the dermal toxicity of trivalent arsenicals (As and MMA) and its underlying mechanism using human keratinocyte cell line and ex vivo porcine skin.

Unraveling the Molecular Landscape of SCN1A Gene Knockout in Cerebral Organoids: A Multiomics Approach Utilizing Proteomics, Lipidomics, and Transcriptomics.

This study investigates the impact of sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha (SCN1A) gene knockout (SCN1A KO) on brain development and function using cerebral organoids coupled with a multiomics approach. From comprehensive omics analyses, we found that SCN1A KO organoids exhibit decreased growth, dysregulated neurotransmitter levels, and altered lipidomic, proteomic, and transcriptomic profiles compared to controls under matrix-free differentiation conditions. Neurochemical analysis reveals reduced levels of key neurotransmitters, and lipidomic analysis highlights changes in ether phospholipids and sphingomyelin.

Synergistic metal halide perovskite@metal-organic framework hybrids for photocatalytic CO reduction.

The photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide (CO) into multi-electron carbon products remains challenging due to the inherent stability of CO and slow multi-electron transfer kinetics. Here in, we synthesized a hybrid material, cesium copper halide (CsCuI) intercalated onto two-dimensional (2D) cobalt-based zeolite framework (ZIF-9-III) nanosheets (denoted as CsCuI@ZIF-1) through a simple mechanochemical grinding. The synergy in the hybrid effectively reduces CO to carbon monoxide (CO) at 110 μmol/g/h and methane at 5 μmol/g/h with high selectivity, suppressing hydrogen evolution.

Scalable Photo-Responsive Physical Unclonable Functions via Particle Kinetics.

The increasing menace of counterfeiting and information theft underscores the urgent need for security platforms compatible with both micro- and nanoelectronics. Existing methods for anticounterfeiting labeling and cryptographic systems rely on unclonable patterns derived from the unpredictable variability of physical phenomena. However, these approaches impose limitations on the scalability of security components.

Microbial production of levulinic acid from glucose by engineered Pseudomonas putida KT2440.

Levulinic acid(LA) is produced through acid-catalyzed hydrolysis and dehydration of lignocellulosic biomass. It is a key platform chemical used as an intermediate in various industries including biofuels, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and polymers. Traditional LA production uses chemical conversion, which requires high temperatures and pressures, strong acids, and produces undesirable side reactions, repolymerization products, and waste problems Therefore, we designed an integrated process to produce LA from glucose through metabolic engineering of Pseudomonas putida KT2440.

Enhanced Effects of ISA 207 Adjuvant via Intradermal Route in Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine for Pigs.

In South Korea, a mandatory nation-wide foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccination policy is in place. However, a major side effect of the current method of intramuscular (IM) administration of oil-adjuvanted FMD vaccines is the formation of granulomas in the muscles of pigs. To address this issue, we assessed the possible application of intradermal (ID) vaccination.

Mass Spectrometry Advancements and Applications for Biomarker Discovery, Diagnostic Innovations, and Personalized Medicine.

Mass spectrometry (MS) has revolutionized clinical chemistry, offering unparalleled capabilities for biomolecule analysis. This review explores the growing significance of mass spectrometry (MS), particularly when coupled with liquid chromatography (LC), in identifying disease biomarkers and quantifying biomolecules for diagnostic and prognostic purposes. The unique advantages of MS in accurately identifying and quantifying diverse molecules have positioned it as a cornerstone in personalized-medicine advancement.

Transcriptomic Analysis Provides New Insights into the Tolerance Mechanisms of Green Macroalgae to High Temperature and Light Stress.

Our research focused on understanding the genetic mechanisms that contribute to the tolerance of (Chlorophyta), a marine macroalgae, to the combined stress of high temperature and high light intensity. At the mRNA level, the up-regulated DEGs showed enrichment in pathways related to ribosomes, proteasomes, and peroxisomes. The spliceosome pathway genes were found to be vital for 's ability to adapt to various challenging situations in all the comparison groups.