Mechanistic study of Coriandrum sativum on neuritogenesis and synaptogenesis based on computationally guided in vitro analyses.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Acceleration of neurite outgrowth and halting neurodegeneration are the most critical factors that are negatively regulated in various neurodegenerative diseases or injuries in the central nervous system (CNS). Functional foods or nutrients are considered alternative sources of bioactive components to alleviate various CNS injuries by promoting neuritogenesis and synaptogenesis, while their exact molecular mechanism remains unexplored.

Aim Of The Study: Coriandrum sativum L.

A Neurospheroid-Based Microrobot for Targeted Neural Connections in a Hippocampal Slice.

Functional restoration by the re-establishment of cellular or neural connections remains a major challenge in targeted cell therapy and regenerative medicine. Recent advances in magnetically powered microrobots have shown potential for use in controlled and targeted cell therapy. In this study, a magnetic neurospheroid (Mag-Neurobot) that can form both structural and functional connections with an organotypic hippocampal slice (OHS) is assessed using an ex vivo model as a bridge toward in vivo application.

Direct Observation of Off-Stoichiometry-Induced Phase Transformation of 2D CdSe Quantum Nanosheets.

Crystal structures determine material properties, suggesting that crystal phase transformations have the potential for application in a variety of systems and devices. Phase transitions are more likely to occur in smaller crystals; however, in quantum-sized semiconductor nanocrystals, the microscopic mechanisms by which phase transitions occur are not well understood. Herein, the phase transformation of 2D CdSe quantum nanosheets caused by off-stoichiometry is revealed, and the progress of the transformation is directly observed by in situ transmission electron microscopy.

Tumor-targeted molybdenum disulfide@barium titanate core-shell nanomedicine for dual photothermal and chemotherapy of triple-negative breast cancer cells.

Combinational therapy can improve the effectiveness of cancer treatment by overcoming individual therapy shortcomings, leading to accelerated cancer cell apoptosis. Combinational cancer therapy is attained by a single nanosystem with multiple physicochemical properties providing an efficient synergistic therapy against cancer cells. Herein, we report a folate receptor-targeting dual-therapeutic (photothermal and chemotherapy) core-shell nanoparticle (CSNP) exhibiting a molybdenum disulfide core with a barium titanate shell (MoS@BT) to improve therapeutic efficacy against triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) MDA-MB-231 cells.

PdO-Nanoparticle-Embedded Carbon Nanotube Yarns for Wearable Hydrogen Gas Sensing Platforms with Fast and Sensitive Responses.

Hydrogen (H) gas has recently become a crucial energy source and an imperative energy vector, emerging as a powerful next-generation solution for fuel cells and biomedical, transportation, and household applications. With increasing interest in H, safety concerns regarding personal injuries from its flammability and explosion at high concentrations (>4%) have inspired the development of wearable pre-emptive gas monitoring platforms that can operate on curved and jointed parts of the human body. In this study, a yarn-type hydrogen gas sensing platform (HGSP) was developed by biscrolling of palladium oxide nanoparticles (PdO NPs) and spinnable carbon nanotube (CNT) buckypapers.

Ice-templated synthesis of tungsten oxide nanosheets and their application in arsenite oxidation.

Tungsten oxide (WO) nanosheets were prepared as catalysts to activate hydrogen peroxide (HO) in arsenite (As(III)) oxidation. Ice particles were employed as templates to synthesize the WO nanosheets, enabling easy template removal via melting. Transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy revealed that the obtained WO nanosheets were plate-like, with lateral sizes ranging from dozens of nanometers to hundreds of nanometers and thicknesses of <10 nm.

Mechanistic Insight into Wettability Enhancement of Lithium-Ion Batteries Using a Ceramic-Coated Layer.

The crucial issue of wettability in high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has not been comprehensively addressed to date. To overcome the challenge, state-of-the-art LIBs employing a ceramic-coated separator improves the safety- and wettability-related aspects of LIBs. Here, we present a mechanistic study of the effects of a ceramic-coated layer (CCL) on electrode wettability and report the optimal position of the CCL in LIBs.

Zebrafish EEG predicts the efficacy of antiepileptic drugs.

Pharmacological evaluation of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) using mammalian animals takes long time and is expensive. The zebrafish is a species commonly used to study brain functions, neurological diseases, and drug toxicity, and attracts more attention as an alternative animal model to substitute or supplement mammalian animals in drug development. Electroencephalogram (EEG) is a key indicator for diagnosing brain diseases such as epilepsy, by directly measuring the brain activity.

π-Stacks of radical-anionic naphthalenediimides in a metal-organic framework.

Radical-ionic metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have unique optical, magnetic, and electronic properties. These radical ions, forcibly formed by external stimulus-induced redox processes, are structurally unstable and have short radical lifetimes. Here, we report two naphthalenediimide-based (NDI-based) Ca-MOFs: DGIST-6 and DGIST-7.

Proteogenomic landscape of human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in an Asian population reveals tumor cell-enriched and immune-rich subtypes.

We report a proteogenomic analysis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Mutation-phosphorylation correlations identified signaling pathways associated with somatic mutations in significantly mutated genes. Messenger RNA-protein abundance correlations revealed potential prognostic biomarkers correlated with patient survival.

Dual regulation of Kv7.2/7.3 channels by long-chain n-alcohols.

Normal alcohols (n-alcohols) can induce anesthetic effects by acting on neuronal ion channels. Recent studies have revealed the effects of n-alcohols on various ion channels; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we provide evidence that long-chain n-alcohols have dual effects on Kv7.

Robust Interlayer-Coherent Quantum Hall States in Twisted Bilayer Graphene.

We introduce a novel two-dimensional electronic system with ultrastrong interlayer interactions, namely, twisted bilayer graphene with a large twist angle, as an ideal ground for realizing interlayer-coherent excitonic condensates. In these systems, sub-nanometer atomic separation between the layers allows significant interlayer interactions, while interlayer electron tunneling is geometrically suppressed due to the large twist angle. By fully exploiting these two features we demonstrate that a sequence of odd-integer quantum Hall states with interlayer coherence appears at the second Landau level ( = 1).

Customizing the mechanical properties of additively manufactured metallic meta grain structure with sheet-based gyroid architecture.

The use of cellular structures has led to unprecedented outcomes in various fields involving optical and mechanical cloaking, negative thermal expansion, and a negative Poisson's ratio. The unique characteristics of periodic cellular structures primarily originate from the interconnectivity, periodicity, and unique design of the unit cells. However, the periodicity often induces unfavorable mechanical behaviors such as a "post-yielding collapse", and the mechanical performance is often limited by the design of the unit cells.

Structural and Chemical Evolutions of Li/Electrolyte Interfaces in Li-Metal Batteries: Tracing Compositional Changes of Electrolytes under Practical Conditions.

Despite the promises in high-energy-density batteries, Li-metal anodes (LMAs) have suffered from extensive electrolyte decomposition and unlimited volume expansion owing to thick, porous layer buildup during cycling. It mainly originates from a ceaseless reiteration of the formation and collapse of solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI). This study reveals the structural and chemical evolutions of the reacted Li layer after different cycles and investigates its detrimental effects on the cycling stability under practical conditions.

Hydrogen diffusion and its electrical properties variation as a function of the IGZO stacking structure.

The oxygen vacancies and hydrogen in oxide semiconductors are regarded as the primary sources of charge carriers and various studies have investigated the effect of hydrogen on the properties of oxide semiconductors. However, the carrier generation mechanism between hydrogen and oxygen vacancies in an a-IGZO semiconductor has not yet been clearly examined. In this study we investigated the effect of hydrogen and the variation mechanisms of electrical properties of a thin film supplied with hydrogen from the passivation layer.

High-Quality Microprintable and Stretchable Conductors for High-Performance 5G Wireless Communication.

With the advent of 5G wireless and Internet of Things technologies, flexible and stretchable printed circuit boards (PCBs) should be designed to address all the specifications necessary to receive signal transmissions, maintaining the signal integrity, and providing electrical connections. Here, we propose a silver nanoparticle (AgNP)/silver nanowire (AgNW) hybrid conductor and high-quality microprinting technology for fabricating flexible and stretchable PCBs in high-performance 5G wireless communication. A simple and low-cost reverse offset printing technique using a commercial adhesive hand-roller was adapted to ensure high-resolution and excellent pattern quality.

Quantum Dots, Passivation Layer and Cocatalysts for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Production.

Solar-driven photoelectrochemical (PEC) hydrogen production is one potential pathway to establish a carbon-neutral society. Nowadays, quantum dots (QDs)-sensitized semiconductors have emerged as promising materials for PEC hydrogen production due to their tunable bandgap by size or morphology control, displaying excellent optical and electrical properties. Nevertheless, they still suffer from anodic corrosion during long-term cycling, offering poor stability.

Molecular basis of the PIP-dependent regulation of Ca2.2 channel and its modulation by Ca β subunits.

High-voltage-activated Ca (Ca) channels that adjust Ca influx upon membrane depolarization are differentially regulated by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP) in an auxiliary Ca β subunit-dependent manner. However, the molecular mechanism by which the β subunits control the PIP sensitivity of Ca channels remains unclear. By engineering various α1B and β constructs in tsA-201 cells, we reported that at least two PIP-binding sites, including the polybasic residues at the C-terminal end of I-II loop and the binding pocket in S4 domain, exist in the Ca2.

Anti-Metastatic Effect of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 4 Inhibition in Bladder Cancer via the ERK, SRC, and JNK Pathways.

Bladder cancer is a common global cancer with a high percentage of metastases and high mortality rate. Thus, it is necessary to identify new biomarkers that can be helpful in diagnosis. Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) belongs to the PDK family and plays an important role in glucose utilization in living organisms.