1,313 results match your criteria: "Daegu-Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology[Affiliation]"

Garlic ( L.) is an aromatic herb known for its culinary and medicinal uses for centuries. Both unprocessed (white) and processed (black) garlic are known to protect against the pathobiology of neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), which has been attributed to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

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Quantitative non-nutritive sucking measurement as a predictor of oral feeding readiness in newborns.

Front Pediatr

August 2023

Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.

Background And Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the parameters of a silver nanowire-based flexible pressure sensor developed to measure the non-nutritive sucking (NNS) performance and predict the nutritive sucking status in preterm infants.

Methods: Preterm infants who were referred for feeding difficulty during the transition period from tubal feeding to oral feeding were enrolled in our study. A flexible pressure sensor was used to measure the non-nutritive sucking parameters of neonates.

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Models trained on datasets with texture bias usually perform poorly on out-of-distribution samples since biased representations are embedded into the model. Recently, various image translation and debiasing methods have attempted to disentangle texture biased representations for downstream tasks, but accurately discarding biased features without altering other relevant information is still challenging. In this paper, we propose a novel framework that leverages image translation to generate additional training images using the content of a source image and the texture of a target image with a different bias property to explicitly mitigate texture bias when training a model on a target task.

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Background: This study aimed to identify the specific T cell co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory factors that play prognostic roles in patients with glioblastoma. Additionally, the unique histone H3 modification enzymes that regulate the expression levels of these specific co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory factors were investigated.

Methods: The medical records of 84 patients newly diagnosed with glioblastoma at our institution from January 2006 to December 2020 were retrospectively reviewed.

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Many researchers are attempting to identify drugs that can be repurposed as effective therapies for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Several recent studies have highlighted epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors approved for use as anti-cancer drugs as potential candidates for repurposing as AD therapeutics. In cancer, EGFR inhibitors target cell proliferation and angiogenesis, and studies in AD mouse models have shown that EGFR inhibitors can attenuate amyloid-beta (Aβ) pathology and improve cognitive function.

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Unlabelled: Patients with H3K27M-mutant diffuse midline glioma (DMG) have no proven effective therapies. ONC201 has recently demonstrated efficacy in these patients, but the mechanism behind this finding remains unknown. We assessed clinical outcomes, tumor sequencing, and tissue/cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) correlate samples from patients treated in two completed multisite clinical studies.

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Profiling tyrosine kinase inhibitors as AD therapeutics in a mouse model of AD.

Mol Brain

August 2023

Department of Neural Development and Disease, Korea Brain Research Institute (KBRI), 61, Cheomdan-ro, Daegu, 41068, Republic of Korea.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by Aβ deposition, tauopathy, neuroinflammation, and impaired cognition. The recent identification of associations between protein kinases and AD pathology has spurred interest in tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) as potential strategic therapeutic agents for AD. In the present study, we investigated whether the TKIs ibrutinib, PD180970, and cabozantinib, which have different on-targets, selectively regulate AD pathology in 3.

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Exposing catalytically active metal sites in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) while maintaining porosity is beneficial for increasing electron transport to achieve better electrochemical energy conversion performance. Herein, we propose an in situ method for MOF formation and loading onto TiO nanorods (NR) using a simple solution-processable method followed by annealing to obtain TiO-CoO. The as-prepared TiO-ZIF-67 based photoanodes were annealed at 350, 450, and 550 °C to study the effect of carbonization on photo-electrochemical water oxidation.

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Background: Ageing alters the ECM, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, which triggers an inflammatory response that exacerbates with age. Age-related changes impact satellite cells, affecting muscle regeneration, and the balance of proteins. Furthermore, ageing causes a decline in NAD levels, and alterations in fat metabolism that impact our health.

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Disrupted intestinal mucosal barrier mediated by alcohol consumption aggravates systemic microplastic accumulation.

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf

August 2023

Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Waste plastics are degraded into microplastics (MPs), which are easily accumulated in the human body through digestive tracts, via the food chain. Alcohol is a widely consumed chemical throughout the world with the ability to alter the intestinal barrier. For this reason, this study was aimed to investigate exact relevance between alcohol consumption and organ distributions of MPs in an ethanol feeding animal model characterized by disrupted intestinal mucosal barriers.

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While the world is rapidly transforming into a superaging society, pharmaceutical approaches to treat sarcopenia have hitherto not been successful due to their insufficient efficacy and failure to specifically target skeletal muscle cells (skMCs). Although electrical stimulation (ES) is emerging as an alternative intervention, its efficacy toward treating sarcopenia remains unexplored. In this study, we demonstrate a silver electroceutical technology with the potential to treat sarcopenia.

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Social interaction among conspecifics is essential for maintaining adaptive, cooperative, and social behaviors, along with survival among mammals. The 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) neuronal system is an important neurotransmitter system for regulating social behaviors; however, the circadian role of 5-HT in social interaction behaviors is unclear. To investigate whether the circadian nuclear receptor REV-ERBα, a transcriptional repressor of the rate-limiting enzyme tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (Tph2) gene in 5-HT biosynthesis, may affect social interaction behaviors, we generated a conditional knockout (cKO) mouse by targeting Rev-Erbα in dorsal raphe (DR) 5-HT neurons (5-HT-specific REV-ERBα cKO) using the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing system and assayed social behaviors, including social preference and social recognition, with a three-chamber social interaction test at two circadian time (CT) points, i.

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CTCF and R-loops are boundaries of cohesin-mediated DNA looping.

Mol Cell

August 2023

Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA. Electronic address:

Cohesin and CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) are key regulatory proteins of three-dimensional (3D) genome organization. Cohesin extrudes DNA loops that are anchored by CTCF in a polar orientation. Here, we present direct evidence that CTCF binding polarity controls cohesin-mediated DNA looping.

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Article Synopsis
  • - This study explores how elevated membrane potentials (MPs) in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) differ from those in the posterior parietal cortex (PPC), using experimental data and neural network models to understand these differences.
  • - Researchers found that NMDA receptors play a significant role in increasing MP levels in the PFC, which affects overall neural network dynamics and cognitive functions in both brain areas.
  • - The study emphasizes the importance of using modeling tools to examine how changes in synaptic properties can enhance cognitive functions by influencing the activities of neural populations in the PFC and PPC.
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Magnesium batteries have emerged as a promising alternative to lithium-ion batteries due to their theoretical high energy density and abundant magnesium resources. Vanadium dioxide, VO (B), has been reported as a high-capacity cathode material for magnesium batteries. However, the electrochemical intercalation mechanism requires further elucidation due to a limited understanding of the structure-property relationship.

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Oral healthcare monitoring is a vital aspect of identifying and addressing oral dental problems including tooth decay, gum pain, and oral cancer. Day by day, healthcare facilities and regular checkups are becoming more costly and time-consuming. In this context, consumers are moving toward advanced technology, such as bite sensors, to obtain regular data about their occlusal chewing patterns and strength.

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Challenges in the development of a multi-level memory (MM) device for multinary arithmetic computers have posed an obstacle to low-power, ultra-high-speed operation. For the effective transfer of a huge amount of data between arithmetic and storage devices, optical communication technology represents a compelling solution. Here, by replicating a floating gate architecture with CdSe/ZnS type-I core/shell quantum dots (QDs), a 2D-0D hybrid optical multi-level memory (OMM) device operated is demonstrated by laser pulses.

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Deformable semi-solid liquid metal particles (LMP) have emerged as a promising substitute for rigid conductive fillers due to their excellent electrical properties and stable conductance under strain. However, achieving a compact and robust coating of LMP on fibers remains a persistent challenge, mainly due to the incompatibility of conventional coating techniques with LMP. Additionally, the limited durability and absence of initial electrical conductivity of LMP restrict their widespread application.

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The Role of Glutamate Underlying Treatment-resistant Depression.

Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci

August 2023

Emotion, Cognition & Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute (KBRI), Daegu, Korea.

The monoamine hypothesis has significantly improved our understanding of mood disorders and their treatment by linking monoaminergic abnormalities to the pathophysiology of mood disorders. Even 50 years after the monoamine hypothesis was established, some patients do not respond to treatments for depression, including selective serotonin reuptake drugs. Accumulating evidence shows that patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) have severe abnormalities in the neuroplasticity and neurotrophic factor pathways, indicating that different treatment approaches may be necessary.

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Elucidating the water-induced degradation mechanism of quantum-sized semiconductor nanocrystals is an important prerequisite for their practical application because they are vulnerable to moisture compared to their bulk counterparts. liquid-phase transmission electron microscopy is a desired method for studying nanocrystal degradation, and it has recently gained technical advancement. Herein, the moisture-induced degradation of semiconductor nanocrystals is investigated using graphene double-liquid-layer cells that can control the initiation of reactions.

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Tailoring the Li microenvironment is crucial for achieving fast ionic transfer and a mechanically reinforced solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI), which administers the stable cycling of Li-metal batteries (LMBs). Apart from traditional salt/solvent compositional tuning, this study presents the simultaneous modulation of Li transport and SEI chemistry using a citric acid (CA)-modified silica-based colloidal electrolyte (C-SCE). CA-tethered silica (CA-SiO ) can render more active sites for attracting complex anions, leading to further dissociation of Li from the anions, resulting in a high Li transference number (≈0.

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Unlabelled: Biodegradation of plastic waste using microorganisms has been proposed as one of the solutions to the increasing worldwide plastic waste. Polypropylene (PP) is the second most used plastic used in various industries, and it has been widely used in the production of personal protective equipment such as masks due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, biodegradation of PP becomes very important.

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Introduction: Body weight support overground walking training (BWSOWT) is widely used in gait rehabilitation. However, existing systems require large workspace, complex structure, and substantial installation cost for the actuator, which make those systems inappropriate for the clinical environment. For wide clinical use, the proposed system is based on a self-paced treadmill, and uses an optimized body weight support with frame-based two-wire mechanism.

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Ultradian rhythms have been proved to be critical for diverse biological processes. However, comprehensive understanding of the short-period rhythms remains limited. Here, we discover that leaf excision triggers a gene expression rhythm with ~3-h periodicity, named as the excision ultradian rhythm (UR), which is regulated by the plant hormone auxin.

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Hiding terrestrial objects from aerial monitoring has long been an important objective in national security and public safety. However, the diversity of terrestrial environments raises great challenges to traditional camouflages optimized for a single spectral band or single type of background environment, rendering them vulnerable in other bands or backgrounds. Herein, we experimentally demonstrate simultaneous visual and thermal camouflage that can adapt to two different environments based on a thermally emissive electrochromic layer.

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