In vitro evaluation of antimicrobial activity of different Gutta-percha points and calcium hydroxide pastes.

Purpose: To evaluate the antimicrobial activity of different compositions of Gutta-percha points and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) pastes, used in endodontic therapy.

Materials And Methods: The evaluated material consisted of Gutta-percha points containing Ca(OH)2, Gutta-percha points containing chlorhexidine (Chx), conventional Gutta-percha points and Ca(OH)2 pastes. Antimicrobial properties of Chx and CaOH paste are compared with CaOH points.

Association between use of tobacco and age on graying of hair.

Aims And Objectives: To determine the association between smoking, chewing tobacco (gutka), and age of individual on graying of hair.

Materials And Methods: The present study was conducted on 120 patients attending the Outpatient Department of the DJ College of Dental Sciences and Research, Modinagar, UP. The individuals were classified into four groups (group I, II, III, IV) on the basis of the form of tobacco use (smoking or chewing).

Polio eradication-lessons from the past and future perspective.

Background: India has recently achieved the "Polio free status" by WHO with stringent efforts of the Health Ministry to control its spread. However, we should not forget the lessons learnt from the failure of National malaria eradication Programme and National Tuberculosis control Programme which creates a need to assess the probable barriers for the various National Health Programmes. The present article presents an overview of the Polio Eradication programme in India highlighting the lessons learnt from the past.

Verruciform xanthoma of oral cavity- a case report.

Verruciform xanthoma is an uncommon benign lesion of undetermined aetiology. It is a superficial normo-lipemic xanthoma, probably reflecting a multifactorial reactive and dystrophic process. Its clinical and pathological recognition and correct diagnosis is critical because it can occur in conjunction with other systemic and cutaneous inflammatory diseases; therefore, it necessitates further clinical assessment.

Age estimation from physiological changes of teeth: A reliable age marker?

Background: Age is an essential factor in establishing the identity of a person. Teeth are one of the most durable and resilient part of skeleton. Gustafson (1950) suggested the use of six retrogressive dental changes that are seen with increasing age.

Comparison of trends and outcomes of carotid artery stenting and endarterectomy in the United States, 2001 to 2010.

Background: Given the controversy regarding whether carotid endarterectomy (CEA) or carotid artery stenting (CAS) may be superior for stroke prevention, it is uncertain how recent clinical evidence, guidelines, and reimbursement policies have influenced the volume and outcomes after these procedures.

Methods And Results: We conducted a serial, cross-sectional study with time trends of patients undergoing CAS (n=124 265) and CEA (n=1 260 647) between 2001 and 2010 from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database. During the 10-year period, the frequency of CEA declined, whereas CAS use slowly increased.

Determination of the biometric characteristics of palatine rugae patterns in Uttar Pradesh population: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Identification is the establishment of identity of an individual. The basis of dental identification is based on the observation that no two individuals can have same dentition. Palatal rugae are irregular, asymmetric ridges of the mucous membrane extending laterally from the incisive papilla and the anterior part of the palatal raphe.

Underlying kidney disease and duration of hemodialysis: an assessment of its effect on oral health.

Background: Dental health among the patients undergoing haemodialysis therapy has been found to be debilitated and gets worsened with the increased duration of hemodialysis.Hence the present study aimed to assess the effect of duration of hemodialysis and the underlying kidney disease on the dental health status of patients.

Settings And Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 patients and 400 controls selected through stratified random sampling method from five zones of Delhi, India.

RAG1/2 knockout pigs with severe combined immunodeficiency.

Pigs share many physiological, biochemical, and anatomical similarities with humans and have emerged as valuable large animal models for biomedical research. Considering the advantages in immune system resemblance, suitable size, and longevity for clinical practical and monitoring purpose, SCID pigs bearing dysfunctional RAG could serve as important experimental tools for regenerative medicine, allograft and xenograft transplantation, and reconstitution experiments related to the immune system. In this study, we report the generation and phenotypic characterization of RAG1 and RAG2 knockout pigs using transcription activator-like effector nucleases.

Relative Risk of Various Head and Neck Cancers among Different Blood Groups: An Analytical Study.

Background: Cancer is a unique disease characterized by abnormal growth of cells which have the ability to invade the adjacent tissues and sometimes even distant organs. The limited and contrasting evidence regarding the association of ABO blood groups with the different types of head and neck cancers in the Indian population warrants the need for the present study.

Aim And Objective: To assess the relative risk of various Head & Neck cancers among different blood groups.

Attitude and knowledge of dental students of National Capital Region regarding HIV and AIDS.

Background: India is estimated to have third highest number of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection in world with about 2.4 million people currently living with HIV/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). There is a possibility of HIV transmission in the oral health care setting and thus adequate knowledge and proper attitude among dental students is vital to prevent the chances of transmission and for proper care of the patient.

Artefacts produced by normal saline when used as a holding solution for biopsy tissues in transit.

Oral surgeons, surgeons and dentists carrying out small biopsy procedures on an out-patient basis have been frequently sending poorly stored biopsy tissues to the Departments of Oral Pathology of various dental colleges, wherein the tissues were being stored in normal saline and then transferred to formalin. Such tissues often show abnormal cellular and architectural changes, which pose a challenge to diagnosis, especially when the histopathologist is not aware that the tissue was stored in normal saline for some time. We wanted to know the extent of artefactually induced cellular and architectural changes in tissues that were transported in normal saline and received by us, based on the duration for which they were held in normal saline.

Effect of two different finishing systems on surface roughness of feldspathic and fluorapatite porcelains in ceramo-metal restorations: Comparative in vitro study.

Objective: The objective of present study was to qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate and compare the effect of two ceramic finishing systems and diamond polishing paste on surface texture of two ceramic materials.

Methodology: The 40 test specimens were randomly divided into two main groups (Group I and Group II). Which were subsequently veneered with feldspathic porcelain and fluorapatite leucite porcelain systems respectively.

Physico-chemical and bacterial evaluation of packaged drinking water marketed in delhi - potential public health implications.

Introduction: Quality of drinking water is a powerful environmental determinant of health. The main objective of introduction of bottled water in the society was its better safety, taste and convenience over tap water. The present study was conducted to assess physicochemical and bacterial qualities of bottled water and sachet water which were available in various markets of Delhi.

Comparative evaluation of the canal curvature modifications after instrumentation with One Shape rotary and Wave One reciprocating files.

Aims: This study compared the canal curvature modifications after instrumentation with One Shape (Micro Mega) rotary file and Wave One primary reciprocating file (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland).

Materials And Methods: Thirty International Organization for Standardization 15, 0.02 taper, Endo Training Blocks (Dentsply Maillefer) were used.

Inflammatory hyperplasia: From diagnosis to treatment.

Gingival enlargement, the currently accepted terminology for an increase in the size of the gingiva, is a common feature of gingival disease. Local and systemic factors influence the gingival conditions of the patient. These factors results in a spectrum of diseases that can be developmental, reactive and inflammatory to neoplastic.

Forensic odontology as a victim identification tool in mass disasters: A feasibility study in the Indian scenario.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the awareness of practicing dentists about the subject of forensic odontology and to assess their willingness to maintain and share patient records.

Materials And Methods: A blind questionnaire survey was carried out among 100 randomly selected practicing dentists in district Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh.

Results: Most of the dentists interviewed were familiar with the subject of forensic odontology and its relation to dentistry, despite forensic dentistry having been newly introduced since 2007 into the undergraduate dental curriculum in India.

An Insight in to Paget's Disease of Bone.

Paget's disease of bone (PDB) is a common disorder which may affect one or many bones. Although many patients are asymptomatic, a variety of symptoms and complications may occur. PDB is a focal disorder of bone turnover characterized by excessive bone resorption coupled with bone formation.

Extraosseous calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor: An uncommon variant.

Odontogenic cysts comprise a diverse group of exceptional lesions derived from epithelial elements of the tooth-forming apparatus. Calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor is a rare odontogenic lesion, which represents about 2% of all odontogenic tumors and cysts. It may occur in a central (intraosseous) or peripheral (extraosseous calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor [ECCOT]) location.

Association of Serum Cholesterol, Triglyceride, High and Low Density Lipoprotein (HDL and LDL) Levels in Chronic Periodontitis Subjects with Risk for Cardiovascular Disease (CVD): A Cross Sectional Study.

Purpose: To assess serum cholesterol, triglycerides, high and low density lipoprotein (HDL and LDL) levels (serum lipid profile) in subjects with chronic periodontitis and the possible association for risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Materials And Methods: Total of 80 participants (42 males and 38 females) who were in the age range of 30-65 years were divided into test group (group I- 40 subjects with chronic periodontitis) and control group (group II- 40 subjects with healthy periodontium), based on their periodontal disease statuses. Three ml of venous blood samples were taken for measurement of parameters of lipid metabolism [serum cholesterol (chol); triglycerides (Tg); HDL and LDL.

Lateral sliding bridge flap technique along with platelet rich fibrin and guided tissue regeneration for root coverage.

Gingival recession is defined as the apical migration of the gingival margin with exposure of root surfaces. The etiology of the condition is multifactorial. Given the high rate of gingival recession defects among the general population, it is imperative that dental practitioners have an understanding of the etiology, complications and management of the condition.

Assessment of TMJ Disorders Using Ultrasonography as a Diagnostic Tool: A Review.

Temporomandibular disorders affect nearly 10-70% of population. Hence, a proper diagnosis of temporomandibular disorders using appropriate diagnostic aids is required. Thus, the purpose of this review was to check the use of ultrasonography as a diagnostic aid in the detection of TMJ disorders.

Correlation between oral health and Child-OIDP index in 12- and 15-year-old children from Modinagar, India.

To investigate the relationship between oral health measures and oral health-related quality of life using the Child-Oral Impact on Daily Performance index among school children of Modinagar. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 900 school children aged 12 and 15 years in Modinagar, India. Children were interviewed about sociodental impacts on quality of life and examined for their normative treatment need for dental caries, traumatic dental injuries, and dentofacial anomalies.

Evaluation of panoramic Radiographs as a Screening Tool of Osteoporosis in Post Menopausal Women: A Cross Sectional Study.

Background: Indian women, especially those from low-income groups consume diets that are deficient of calcium, proteins and micronutrients. Hence, they are prone to suffer from osteoporotic hip fractures at a much earlier age than western women. To detect early signs of osteoporosis, it is ideal to perform Bone Mineral Density testing of all post-menopausal women who are at risk.

Current perspectives in intra operative airway management in maxillofacial trauma.

Objective: Maxillofacial trauma presents a complex problem due to the disruption of normal anatomy. In such cases, we anticipate a difficult oral intubation that may hinder intraoperative IMF. Nasal and skull base fractures do not advocate use of nasotracheal intubation.