Phytomicrobiome communications: Novel implications for stress resistance in plants.

The agricultural sector is a foremost contributing factor in supplying food at the global scale. There are plethora of biotic as well as abiotic stressors that act as major constraints for the agricultural sector in terms of global food demand, quality, and security. Stresses affect rhizosphere and their communities, root growth, plant health, and productivity.

Parametric Optimisation of Friction-Stir-Spot-Welded Al 6061-T6 Incorporated with Silicon Carbide Using a Hybrid WASPAS-Taguchi Technique.

Friction stir spot welding (FSSW) is one of the most popular fusion joining processes. The process is a solid-state welding process that allows welding of weldable as well as non-weldable materials. As a part of this investigation, weld samples of Al6061-T6 were reinforced with silicon carbide (SiC) powder with an average particle size of 45 µm.

Expanding role of ribosome-inactivating proteins: From toxins to therapeutics.

Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) are toxic proteins with N-glycosidase activity. RIPs exert their action by removing a specific purine from 28S rRNA, thereby, irreversibly inhibiting the process of protein synthesis. RIPs can target both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Effect of daidzein on growth, development and biochemical physiology of insect pest, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius).

Anti- insecticidal potential of daidzein was studied by feeding second instar larvae of Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) on artificial diet incorporated with different concentrations (5 ppm, 25 ppm, 125 ppm, 625 ppm) of diadzein. Results revealed high larval mortality, prolongation of pupal and total developmental period of the larvae treated with diadzein. Anti-nutritional/post ingestive toxicity of diadzein was also revealed by the decrease in the nutritional indices such as relative growth rate (RGR), relative consumption rate (RCR), efficiency of conversion of digested food (ECD), efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI) and approximate digestibility (AD).

A review of modern and Vedic practices on use of umbilical cord.

Stromal cells possess unique properties to regenerate themselves and cure various chronic illnesses. An easily available and ethical source for procurement of stromal cells is umbilical cord blood which is now being stored for future use. Vedic texts also describe the cord blood as a source of life.

Morita-Baylis-Hillman reaction of 3-formyl-9-pyrido[3,4-]indoles and fluorescence studies of the products.

β-Carboline is a privileged class of the alkaloid family and is associated with a broad spectrum of biological properties. 3-Formyl-9-pyrido[3,4-]indole is a such potent precursor belonging to this family which can be tailored for installing diversity at various positions of β-carboline to generate unique molecular hybrids of biological importance. The present work is a step towards this and assimilates the results related to the exploration of 3-formyl-9-β-carbolines for the synthesis of β-carboline C-3 substituted MBH adducts followed by evaluation of their fluorescent characteristic.

Modulation of atrazine-induced chromosomal aberrations and cyclin-dependent kinases by aqueous extract of Roylea cinerea (D.Don) Baillon leaves in Allium cepa.

Roylea cinerea (D.Don) Baillon an indigenous medicinal plant of Lamiaceae family used for the treatment of several diseases. In the present study, its aqueous (leaves) extract was tested for genoprotective action against atrazine-induced chromosomal aberrations in the root tip cells of Allium cepa.

Nanomaterials for Diagnosis and Treatment of Lung Cancer: A Review of Recent Patents.

Background: Lung cancer is one of the major killers among different kinds of cancer. Being a silent developer, the earliest detection and treatment of lung cancer is a challenging task. The existing therapeutic agents have lower efficacy.

Nucleic Acid Nanotechnology: Trends, Opportunities and Challenges.

Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) hold great potential for the advancement of future medicine but suffer from unsatisfactory clinical success due to the challenges accompanied with their delivery. Nucleic acid-mediated nanomaterials have riveted the researchers from the past two decades and exhilarating tasks have prevailed. Nucleic acid nanotechnology offers unique control over the shape, size, time, mechanics and anisotropy.

Synthesis of catechol-amine coating solution for membrane surface modification.

Recently, the plant polyphenols have attracted much attention for membrane modification, especially in surface coating application. In this study, the synthesis of catechol-amine coating solutions was evaluated at different pH conditions and with different concentrations of tannic acid and tetraethylenepentamine in order to determine the relationship between chemical structure and mechanism in the oxidation reaction. The reactivity of catechol and amine groups in the formulation was measured using UV-Vis spectroscopy and observation of the change in colour of the coating solutions.

Metal-Organic Framework-Based Selective Molecular Recognition of Organic Amines and Fixation of CO into Cyclic Carbonates.

Synthesis and structural depiction of two new metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), namely, [{Zn()(oba)}·4HO] (Zn-MOF) and [{Cd()(nipa)(HO)}·(DMF)(HO)] (Cd-MOF) (where = ,-di(pyridin-4-yl)naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxamide, 4,4'-Hoba = 4,4'-oxybisbenzoic acid, and 5-Hnipa = 5-nitroisophthalic acid) are reported. Both Zn-MOF- and Cd-MOF- have been prepared by reacting ligand and coligand 4,4'-Hoba or 5-Hnipa with the respective dihydrates of Zn(OAc) and Cd(OAc) (OAc = acetate). Crystal structure X-ray analysis discloses that Zn-MOF displays an overall 2D → 3D interpenetrated framework structure.

Amelioration of Chromium-Induced Oxidative Stress by Combined Treatment of Selected Plant-Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria and Earthworms Modulating the Expression of Genes Related to Reactive Oxygen Species Metabolism in .

Chromium (Cr) toxicity leads to the enhanced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are extremely toxic to the plant and must be minimized to protect the plant from oxidative stress. The potential of plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and earthworms in plant growth and development has been extensively studied. The present study was aimed at investigating the effect of two PGPR ( and ) along with earthworms () on the antioxidant defense system in seedlings under Cr stress.

and Symbiosis: A Natural Mine of Bioactive Compounds.

Phylum Nematoda is of great economic importance. It has been a focused area for various research activities in distinct domains across the globe. Among nematodes, there is a group called entomopathogenic nematodes, which has two families that live in symbiotic association with bacteria of genus and , respectively.

A critical evaluation of risk to reward ratio of quercetin supplementation for COVID-19 and associated comorbid conditions.

The interim results of the large, multinational trials on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) using a combination of antiviral drugs appear to have little to no effect on the 28-day mortality or the in-hospital course. Therefore, there is a still vivid interest in finding alternate re-purposed drugs and nutrition supplements, which can halt or slow the disease severity. We review here the multiple preclinical studies, partially supported by clinical evidence showing the quercetin's possible therapeutic/prophylaxis efficacy against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) as well as comorbidities like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), diabetes mellitus, obesity, coagulopathy, and hypertension.

Low-Cost Inorganic Strontium Ferrite a Novel Hole Transporting Material for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells.

Perovskite solar cells attract significant interest due to their high-power conversion efficiencies. The replacement of charge-transporting layers using inorganic materials is an effective approach for improving stability and performance, as these materials are low-cost, highly durable, and environmentally friendly. This work focuses on the inorganic hole and electron transport layers (HTL and ETL), strontium ferrite (SrFeO), and zinc oxide (ZnO), respectively, to enhance the efficiency of perovskite solar cells.

Microglia and Astrocytes in Alzheimer's Disease in the Context of the Aberrant Copper Homeostasis Hypothesis.

Evidence of copper's (Cu) involvement in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is available, but information on Cu involvement in microglia and astrocytes during the course of AD has yet to be structurally discussed. This review deals with this matter in an attempt to provide an updated discussion on the role of reactive glia challenged by excess labile Cu in a wide picture that embraces all the major processes identified as playing a role in toxicity induced by an imbalance of Cu in AD.

Research and Google Trend for Human Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Machine Learning: A Brief Report.

Objectives: The key characteristics of this study are to highlight the research trend pertaining to the use of machine learning in the diagnosis and management of neuropsychiatric conditions.

Methods: The last ten years (2011-2020) Scopus data related to the use of machine learning techniques in the diagnosis and management of neuropsychiatric disorders in human beings have been collected and examined using VOSviewer. The global internet trend for neuropsychiatric disorders and machine learning techniques during the observation period (1-Jan-2010 to 30-Nov-2020) has been also explored using Google Trend.

Coordination Polymers as a Functional Material for the Selective Molecular Recognition of Nitroaromatics and ipso-Hydroxylation of Arylboronic Acids.

We report the synthesis and structural characterization of two coordination polymers (CPs), namely; [{Zn(L)(DMF) } ⋅ 2BF ] (1) and [{Cd(L) (Cl) } ⋅ 2H O] (2) (where L=N ,N -di(pyridin-4-yl)naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxamide). Crystal packing of 1 reveals the existence of channels running along the b- and c-axis filled by the ligated DMF and lattice anions, respectively. Whereas, crystal packing of 2 reveals that the metallacycles of each 1D chain are intercalating into the groove of adjacent metallacycles resulting in the stacking of 1D loop-chains to form a sheet-like architecture.

AIE materials for lysosome imaging.

The aggregation-induced emission (AIE) active bioprobes are known for their high photostability and extraordinary signal to noise ratio. In view of this, research efforts to synthesize new AIE bioimaging probes are at an incredible speed. In this chapter, we have summarized the various lysosome specific AIE active "turn-on" bioprobes having applications in lysosome imaging, monitoring of lysosome bioactivity and evaluation of their therapeutic effects.

Consequences of Stress on Academic Fraternity: A Meta-analytical Review.

Introduction: The modern lifestyle and the dynamic environment are progressively inducing stress among a wide range of individuals like students, healthcare professionals, bankers, engineers, businessmen, administrators and teachers. This vitriolic human psychiatric disorder has put the academic fraternity in a shabby state.

Methods: The methodology adopted in this article is comprised of three phases such as review planning, review conducting, and review reporting.

Application of enzymes for an eco-friendly approach to textile processing.

Textile industry is one of the oldest industries existing from several centuries. Major concern of the industry is to design, produce, and distribute yarn, cloth, and clothing. Diverse physical and chemical operations are required in order to achieve this.

In vitro exposed magnesium oxide nanoparticles enhanced the growth of legume Macrotyloma uniflorum.

Nanoparticles interact with plants to induce a positive, negative, or neutral effect on their growth and development. In this study, we document the positive influence of magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles (NPs) on the morpho-biochemical parameters of Macrotyloma uniflorum (horse gram). Horse gram is a protein and polyphenol-rich legume crop.

Microbial proteases: ubiquitous enzymes with innumerable uses.

Proteases are ubiquitous enzymes, having significant physiological roles in both synthesis and degradation. The use of microbial proteases in food fermentation is an age-old process, which is today being successfully employed in other industries with the advent of 'omics' era and innovations in genetic and protein engineering approaches. Proteases have found application in industries besides food, like leather, textiles, detergent, waste management, agriculture, animal husbandry, cosmetics, and pharmaceutics.