Initial experience of a novel surgical assist robot "Saroa" featuring tactile feedback and a roll-clutch system in radical prostatectomy.

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the Saroa Surgical Robot System in robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RARP). We enrolled 60 patients who underwent RARP using either the Saroa (n = 9) or da Vinci Xi (n = 51) systems at Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital from January 2022 to March 2024. We compared preoperative characteristics, perioperative outcomes, complications, and postoperative urinary continence at three months between the two groups.

Jararaca GPIb-binding protein causes thrombocytopenia during Bothrops jararaca envenomation.

Inoculation of Bothrops jararaca snake venom (BjV) induces thrombocytopenia in humans and various animal species. Although several BjV toxins acting on hemostasis have been well characterized in vitro, it is not known which one is responsible for inducing thrombocytopenia in vivo. In previous studies, we showed that BjV incubated with metalloproteinase or serine proteinase inhibitors and/or anti-botrocetin antibodies still induced thrombocytopenia in rats and mice.

Experimental evidence of high tick infestation limiting chick growth and survival in a colonial seabird.

While numerous studies have established correlations between parasite load and negative effects on their hosts, establishing causality is more challenging because parasites can directly compromise host condition and survival or simply opportunistically thrive on an already weakened host. Here, we evaluated whether Ixodes uriae, a widespread seabird tick, can cause a decrease in growth parameters (body mass, bill length and growth rates) and survival of chicks of a colonially seabird, the black-browed albatross (Thalassarche melanophris) breeding on New Island (West Falkland). To investigate this, we daily removed the ticks from 28 randomly selected chicks during their first 14 days of life (treated chicks) and compared their growth and survival with 49 chicks of a control group.

Impact of body composition and muscle health phenotypes on survival outcomes in colorectal cancer: a multicenter cohort.

Body composition abnormalities are prognostic markers in several types of cancer, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Using our data distribution on body composition assessments and classifications could improve clinical evaluations and support population-specific opportune interventions. This study aimed to evaluate the distribution of body composition from computed tomography and assess the associations with overall survival among patients with CRC.

Prader-Willi syndrome protein necdin regulates the nucleocytoplasmic distribution and dopaminergic neuron development.

Dopamine (DA) plays important roles in various behaviors, including learning and motivation. Recently, THOC5 was identified as an important regulator in the development of dopaminergic neurons. However, how THOC5 is regulated has not been explored.

Effects of paclitaxel and methotrexate associated with cholesterol-rich nanoemulsions on ischemia-reperfusion injury after unilateral lung transplantation in rats.

Currently, the barrier to successful lung transplantation is ischemia and reperfusion injury, which can lead to the development of bronchiolitis obliterans. Paclitaxel and methotrexate are drugs known to inhibit cell proliferation and have anti-inflammatory effects, and the association of these drugs with cholesterol-rich nanoparticles has been shown to be beneficial in the treatment of other transplanted organs. Thirty-three male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups: Basal group, no intervention; Control group, received only nanoparticles; Drug group, paclitaxel and methotrexate treatment.

Alleviating batch effects in cell type deconvolution with SCCAF-D.

Cell type deconvolution methods can impute cell proportions from bulk transcriptomics data, revealing changes in disease progression or organ development. But benchmarking studies often use simulated bulk data from the same source as the reference, which limits its application scenarios. This study examines batch effects in deconvolution and introduces SCCAF-D, a computational workflow that ensures a Pearson Correlation Coefficient above 0.

Artificial intelligence-driven rational design of ionizable lipids for mRNA delivery.

Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have proven effective in mRNA delivery, as evidenced by COVID-19 vaccines. Its key ingredient, ionizable lipids, is traditionally optimized by inefficient and costly experimental screening. This study leverages artificial intelligence (AI) and virtual screening to facilitate the rational design of ionizable lipids by predicting two key properties of LNPs, apparent pKa and mRNA delivery efficiency.

Alcohol-induced gut microbial reorganization and associated overproduction of phenylacetylglutamine promotes cardiovascular disease.

The mechanism(s) underlying gut microbial metabolite (GMM) contribution towards alcohol-mediated cardiovascular disease (CVD) is unknown. Herein we observe elevation in circulating phenylacetylglutamine (PAGln), a known CVD-associated GMM, in individuals living with alcohol use disorder. In a male murine binge-on-chronic alcohol model, we confirm gut microbial reorganization, elevation in PAGln levels, and the presence of cardiovascular pathophysiology.

Three-component diels-alder reaction through palladium carbene migratory insertion enabled dearomative C(sp)-H bond activation.

Owning to the versatile nature in participation of Diels-Alder (D-A) reactions, the development of efficient approaches to generate active ortho-quinodimethanes (o-QDMs) has gained much attention. However, a catalytic method involving coupling of two readily accessible components to construct o-QDMs is lacking. Herein, we describe a palladium carbene migratory insertion enabled dearomative C(sp)-H activation to form active o-QDM species through the cross-coupling of N-tosylhydrazones with aryl halides.

Peripheral contributions to resting state brain dynamics.

The correlational structure of brain activity dynamics in the absence of stimuli or behavior is often taken to reveal intrinsic properties of neural function. To test the limits of this assumption, we analyzed peripheral contributions to resting state activity measured by fMRI in unanesthetized, chemically immobilized male rats that emulate human neuroimaging conditions. We find that perturbation of somatosensory input channels modifies correlation strengths that relate somatosensory areas both to one another and to higher-order brain regions, despite the absence of ostensible stimuli or movements.

Small-angle scattering interferometry with neutron orbital angular momentum states.

Methods to prepare and characterize neutron helical waves carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) were recently demonstrated at small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) facilities. These methods enable access to the neutron orbital degree of freedom which provides new avenues of exploration in fundamental science experiments as well as in material characterization applications. However, it remains a challenge to recover phase profiles from SANS measurements.

Rapid nongenomic estrogen signaling controls alcohol drinking behavior in mice.

Ovarian-derived estrogen can signal non-canonically at membrane-associated receptors in the brain to rapidly regulate neuronal function. Early alcohol drinking confers greater risk for alcohol use disorder in women than men, and binge alcohol drinking is correlated with high estrogen levels, but a causal role for estrogen in driving alcohol drinking has not been established. We found that female mice displayed greater binge alcohol drinking and reduced avoidance when estrogen was high during the estrous cycle than when it was low.

Zoonotic transmission of novel Influenza A variant viruses detected in Brazil during 2020 to 2023.

Zoonotic infections (swine-human) caused by influenza A viruses (IAVs) have been reported and linked to close contact between these species. Here, we describe eight human IAV variant infections (6 mild and 2 severe cases, including 1 death) detected in Paraná, Brazil, during 2020-2023. Genomes recovered were closely related to Brazilian swIAVs of three major lineages (1 A.

Tailoring Acid-Salt Hybrid Electrolyte Structure for Stable Proton Storage at Ultralow Temperature.

The critical challenges in developing ultralow-temperature proton-based energy storage systems are enhancing the diffusion kinetics of charge carriers and inhibiting water-triggered interfacial side reactions between electrolytes and electrodes. Here an acid-salt hybrid electrolyte with a stable anion-cation-HO solvation structure that realizes unconventional proton transport at ultralow temperature is shown, which is crucial for electrodes and devices to achieve high rate-capacity and stable interface compatibility with electrodes. Through multiscale simulations and experimental investigations in the electrolyte employing ZnCl introduced into 0.

Seasonal Phenolic Profile, Antioxidant and Photoprotective Activities of Psidium guajava Leaves.

This study evaluated the phytochemicals from extracts of Psidium guajava L. leaves (PGE), and its antioxidant and photoprotective effects. PGE showed constant production of total phenolics and maintained high antioxidant capacity across seasons and years.

Research on adverse event classification algorithm of da Vinci surgical robot based on Bert-BiLSTM model.

This study aims to enhance the classification accuracy of adverse events associated with the da Vinci surgical robot through advanced natural language processing techniques, thereby ensuring medical device safety and protecting patient health. Addressing the issues of incomplete and inconsistent adverse event records, we employed a deep learning model that combines BERT and BiLSTM to predict whether adverse event reports resulted in patient harm. We developed the Bert-BiLSTM-Att_dropout model specifically for text classification tasks with small datasets, optimizing the model's generalization ability and key information capture through the integration of dropout and attention mechanisms.

Comparative genetic mapping and a consensus interspecific genetic map reveal strong synteny and collinearity within the genus.

Introduction: Useful germplasm for citrus breeding includes all sexually compatible species of the former genera , and , now merged in the single genus. An improved knowledge on the synteny/collinearity between the genome of these different species, and on their recombination landscapes, is essential to optimize interspecific breeding schemes.

Method: We have performed a large comparative genetic mapping study including several main clades of the genus.

Characterization of the key aroma compounds in cigar filler tobacco leaves from different production regions.

Cigar tobacco leaves exhibited distinct regional characteristics, and aroma compounds were the key substances determining the different style features of cigars. However, the differences in aroma characteristics and the mechanisms of key aroma compound synthesis have not been fully elucidated. This study collected filler tobacco leaves (FTLs) from 5 representative domestic and international production regions.

Effects of non-invasive brain stimulation on impulsivity in patients with mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials.

Background: Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), may offer an alternative treatment strategy for impulsive behaviour. By modulating brain activity, these techniques could potentially enhance impulse control and mitigate impulsivity.

Aims: To provide a comprehensive analysis of the correlation between NIBS parameters, targeted brain regions and impulsivity.

Kawasaki Disease: A Rare Case of a Non-pediatric Patient.

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an inflammatory condition more common in children but rare in adults, where diagnosis can be challenging due to nonspecific symptoms. Early recognition is essential to prevent severe complications. We present the case of a 26-year-old male with adult-onset KD who initially presented with vague symptoms, resulting in diagnostic delays.

Phylogeography, taxonomy, and conservation of the endangered brown howler monkey, (Primates, Atelidae), of the Atlantic Forest.

The brown howler, , endemic to the Atlantic Forest of Brazil and Argentina, is threatened by habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting, and its susceptibility to yellow fever. Two subspecies have been recognized, but their names, validity, and geographic ranges have been controversial. We obtained samples covering the species' entire distribution in Brazil and Argentina to clarify these issues by investigating their genetic diversity and structure and assessing their evolutionary history.

Identification of serum biomarkers for cystic echinococcosis in sheep through untargeted metabolomic analysis using LC-MS/MS technology.

Background: Echinococcosis is a zoonotic disease caused by an Echinococcus tapeworm infection. While diagnostic methods for humans often rely on ultrasound imaging and immunodiagnostic techniques, diagnosis in intermediate hosts typically has no widely used diagnostic markers, hampering disease control efforts.

Methods: The differences in serum metabolites of sheep infected with Echinococcus granulosus and a control group were analyzed using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) separation with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) detection.