Artificial intelligence for hemodynamic monitoring with a wearable electrocardiogram monitor.

Background: The ability to non-invasively measure left atrial pressure would facilitate the identification of patients at risk of pulmonary congestion and guide proactive heart failure care. Wearable cardiac monitors, which record single-lead electrocardiogram data, provide information that can be leveraged to infer left atrial pressures.

Methods: We developed a deep neural network using single-lead electrocardiogram data to determine when the left atrial pressure is elevated.

Mechanistic insights and atmospheric implications of the degradation reaction of 3-methoxy-1-propanol by reaction with hydroxyl radicals and identification of the end products in the presence of O/NO.

The study investigated the degradation of 3-methoxy-1-propanol (3M1P) by OH using the M06-2X/6-311++G(d, p) level, with CCSD(T) single-point corrections. We focused on hydrogen atom abstraction from various alkyl groups within the molecule. The rate coefficient for 3M1P degradation was calculated from the sum of the rate coefficients corresponding to the removal of H-atoms from primary (-CH), secondary (-CH-), tertiary (-CH< ), and alcohol (-ΟH) groups.

Efficient evacuation - enhanced survival: Insights from Gaza conflict trauma care.

Background: Combat-related injuries have evolved in urban warfare because of close-contact engagements and high-energy blast injuries, with rapid medical evacuation improving survival rates. This study analyzes injury patterns and outcomes in the Gaza conflict, emphasizing the need to optimize trauma care protocols in modern combat environments, particularly because of the unique proximity of conflict zones to tertiary trauma centers.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at a single center involving 189 patients evacuated by helicopter to a Level I tertiary trauma center.

Effects of implant status and breed type on feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, sera metabolites, and immunohistochemical responses in finishing steers.

The number of beef × dairy animals entering feedlots has increased, but the response of beef × dairy cattle to growth-promoting implants has not been well characterized. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of breed type and implant administration on live performance, carcass characteristics, sera metabolites, and immunohistochemical (IHC) outcomes. Forty-eight steers (average body weight [BW] = 417±22 kg) were sorted by breed into groups of predominantly Angus (B), black-hided beef × primarily Holstein (B×D), or Holstein (D), and half of the steers within each breed type were administered a steroidal implant.

Determining Outcomes in Patients With Large Vessel Occlusion and Mild Stroke Who Did or Did Not Receive Thrombolytics and/or Thrombectomy.

Objectives: The utility of thrombolysis and/or thrombectomy in patients with mild stroke and large vessel occlusion (LVO) remains inconclusive. This retrospective study compared short-term and long-term outcomes in patients treated with best medical therapy (BMT group) versus with intravenous thrombolytics and/or endovascular thrombectomy (intervention group).

Methods: Patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS), LVO, and National Institutes of Health Stroke Score (NIHSS) ≤5 were included.

3D-Printing of Freestanding Pure MXene Microarchitectures.

Since their discovery, titanium-based MXenes (TiCT) have attracted significant attention. Several studies have presented versatile, cost-effective, and scalable approaches for fabricating TiCT-based functional components. However, most previous studies only allowed the realization of 2D patterns or required diverse additives to produce 3D architectures.

Enhancing security and efficiency in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks using a hybrid deep learning model for flooding attack detection.

Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) are increasingly replacing conventional communication systems due to their decentralized and dynamic nature. However, their wireless architecture makes them highly vulnerable to flooding attacks, which can disrupt communication, deplete energy resources, and degrade network performance. This study presents a novel hybrid deep learning approach integrating Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) with Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) architectures to effectively detect and mitigate flooding attacks in MANETs.

Long-term outcomes of Türkiye's first population-based mammography screening program: a decade of breast cancer detection and survival analysis in Bahçeşehir.

Background: The Bahçeşehir population-based mammography screening program (BMSP) is an example of Türkiye's first population-based screening program. This study aims to reveal the successful implementation of population-based secreening program in one of the low- and middle-income countries, Türkiye and long-term results of patients diagnosed with breast cancer during BMSP.

Methods: This study was conducted between 2009 and 2019, in the Bahçeşehir county of Istanbul.

Appraisal of the Fragments-In-Fragments Method for the Energetics of Individual Hydrogen Bonds in Molecular Crystals.

We report a direct application of the molecular tailoring approach-based (MTA-based) method to calculate the individual hydrogen bond (HB) energy in molecular crystal. For this purpose, molecular crystals of nitromalonamide (NMA) and salicylic acid (SA) were taken as test cases. Notably, doing a correlated computation using a large molecular crystal structure is difficult.

Clinicogenomic landscape of pancreatic adenocarcinoma identifies KRAS mutant dosage as prognostic of overall survival.

Nearly all pancreatic adenocarcinomas (PDAC) are genomically characterized by KRAS exon 2 mutations. Most patients with PDAC present with advanced disease and are treated with cytotoxic therapy. Genomic biomarkers prognostic of disease outcomes have been challenging to identify.

Establishing bio-logging data collections as dynamic archives of animal life on Earth.

Rapid growth in bio-logging-the use of animal-borne electronic tags to document the movements, behaviour, physiology and environments of wildlife-offers opportunities to mitigate biodiversity threats and expand digital natural history archives. Here we present a vision to achieve such benefits by accounting for the heterogeneity inherent to bio-logging data and the concerns of those who collect and use them. First, we can enable data integration through standard vocabularies, transfer protocols and aggregation protocols, and drive their wide adoption.

How does dopamine convert into norepinephrine? Insights on the key step of the reaction.

Context: Dopamine -monooxygenase (D M) is an essential enzyme in the organism that regioselectively converts dopamine into R-norepinephrine, the key step of the reaction, studied in this paper, is a hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) from dopamine to a superoxo complex on D M, forming a hydroperoxo intermediate and dopamine radical. It was found that the formation of a hydrogen bond between dopamine and the D M catalyst strengthens the substrate-enzyme interaction and facilitates the HAT which takes place selectively to give the desired enantiomeric form of the product. Six reactions leading to the hydroperoxo intermediate were analyzed in detail using theoretical and computational tools in order to identify the most probable reaction mechanism.

Experimental and computational kinetic evaluations of silver(I)-catalyzed oxidation of -chlorophenol by hexacyanoferrate(III): exploring the mechanistic pathway.

The present investigation delves into the redox reaction between -chlorophenol (-CP) and hexacyanoferrate(III) [HCF(III)], catalyzed by Ag(I) in an alkaline environment. Findings reveal a first-order dependence on both -CP and the oxidant, and the reaction rate showcased a first-order reaction towards Ag(I), which was further amplified by the medium as per the equation = + [OH]. Interestingly, the ionic strength remained unchanged throughout the reaction, exerting no discernible effect on the reaction rate.

Combination of Hotspot Mutations With Methylation and Fragmentomic Profiles to Enhance Multi-Cancer Early Detection.

Background: Multi-cancer early detection (MCED) through a single blood test significantly advances cancer diagnosis. However, most MCED tests rely on a single type of biomarkers, leading to limited sensitivity, particularly for early-stage cancers. We previously developed SPOT-MAS, a multimodal ctDNA-based assay analyzing methylation and fragmentomic profiles to detect five common cancers.

The spatially informed mFISHseq assay resolves biomarker discordance and predicts treatment response in breast cancer.

Current assays fail to address breast cancer's complex biology and accurately predict treatment response. On a retrospective cohort of 1082 female breast tissues, we develop and validate mFISHseq, which integrates multiplexed RNA fluorescent in situ hybridization with RNA-sequencing, guided by laser capture microdissection. This technique ensures tumor purity, unbiased whole transcriptome profiling, and explicitly quantifies intratumoral heterogeneity.

Correlation of physicochemical properties with antioxidant activity in phenol and thiophenol analogues.

Oxidative stress, associated with excessive production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS, RNS), contributes to the development and progression of many ailments, such as aging, cardiovascular diseases, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, diabetes, cancer, preeclampsia or multiple sclerosis. While phenols and polyphenols are the most studied antioxidants structurally similar compounds such as anilines or thiophenols are sporadically analyzed despite their radical scavenging potential. This work assesses the impact of structural features of phenols and thiophenols on their antioxidant activity.

Spectroscopic, quantum chemical, and topological calculations of the phenylephrine molecule using density functional theory.

In this work, Density Functional Theory (DFT) on Gaussian 09 W software was utilized to investigate the phenylephrine (PE) molecule (C9H13NO2). Firstly, the optimized structure of the PE molecule was obtained using B3LYP/6-311 + G (d, p) and CAM-B3LYP/6-311 + G (d, p) basis sets. The electron charge density is shown in Mulliken atomic charge as a bar chart and also as a color-filled map in Molecular Electrostatic Potential (MEP).

Key Kinetic Interactions between NO and Unsaturated Hydrocarbons: H Atom Abstraction from C-C Alkynes, Dienes, and Trienes by NO.

An adequate understanding of the NO interacting chemistry is a prerequisite for a smoother transition to carbon-lean and carbon-free fuels such as ammonia and hydrogen. In this regard, this study presents a comprehensive study on the H atom abstraction by NO from C to C alkynes, dienes, and trienes forming 3 HNO isomers (i.e.

Short-term effects of follicle stimulating hormone on immune function, lipid, and vitamin metabolism in transiently castrated men.

Background: Prostate cancer therapy with surgical or chemical castration with GnRH agonists has been linked to elevated FSH levels, which may contribute to secondary health disorders, including atherosclerosis and diabetes. Although recent findings suggest a role for FSH beyond the reproductive system, its metabolic impact remains unclear and difficult to disentangle from that of androgens. In this study, we examined the metabolic changes induced by FSH and distinguished them from those caused by testosterone.

A theoretical study on the environmental oxidation of fenpyrazamine fungicide initiated by hydroxyl radicals in the aqueous phase.

Fenpyrazamine (FPA) is a widely used fungicide in agriculture to control fungal diseases, but its environmental degradation by oxidants and the formation of potential degradation products remain unexplored. This study investigates the oxidation of FPA by hydroxyl radicals (HO˙) using density functional theory (DFT) calculations at the M06-2X/6-311++G(3df,3pd)//M06-2X/6-31+G(d,p) level of theory. Three standard oxidation mechanisms, including formal hydrogen transfer (FHT), radical adduct formation (RAF), and single electron transfer (SET), were evaluated in the aqueous phase, with reaction kinetics analyzed over a temperature range of 283-333 K.

High-throughput computational screening of auxetic two-dimensional metal dichalcogenides and dihalides.

Auxetic materials hold tremendous potential for many advanced applications, but candidates are quite scarce, especially at two dimensions. Here, we focus on two-dimensional (2D) metal dichalcogenides and dihalides with the chemical formula MX2 by screening structures sharing the P4̄m2 space group among 330 MX2 compounds from the computational 2D materials database. Via high-throughput first-principles computations, 25 stable MX2 (M = Mg, Ca, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ge, Cd, Sn; X = F, Cl, Br, I, O, S, Se) systems with in-plane negative Poisson's ratios (NPRs) are successfully identified.

The effect of dexmedetomidine vs. atracurium on intubation condition in children - a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Using neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBA) in pediatric induction protocol is a challenging matter. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to find a safer way for anesthesia in children. We compared the effects of dexmedetomidine with atracurium on intubation conditions in children aged 6-12 years under general anesthesia.

Association between serum total indoxyl sulfate, intraperitoneal inflammation, and peritoneal dialysis technique failure: a 3-year prospective cohort study.

Background: The impact of protein-bound uremic toxins, specifically indoxyl sulfate (IS) on peritoneal dialysis (PD) complications remains controversial. This study aimed to explore the link between serum total IS (tIS) levels, proinflammatory cytokines in serum and peritoneal dialysis effluent (PDE), and PD technique survival.

Methods: In this prospective cohort study, 84 patients were followed up for three years and analyzed.