Comparison of spectacle lenses with highly aspherical lenslets versus orthokeratology for the management of axial length elongation.

Clinical Relevance: When selecting an intervention for myopia management, parental inquiries centre around the comparative efficacy of orthokeratology versus myopic defocus spectacle lenses. This prompts an intriguing investigation into the nuanced differences between these two treatment methods.

Background: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of spectacle lenses with highly aspherical lenslets (HAL) versus orthokeratology (Ortho-k) in controlling axial length elongation.

Efficacy and safety of preservative-free anti-glaucomatous eye drops (dorzolamide/timolol) in ocular hypertension and/or glaucoma.

Purpose: This study evaluated the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of a single-dose, preservative-free (PF) Dorzolamide/Timolol combination (Twinzol-SDU).

Methods: A 3-month single-arm, multicenter, prospective cohort study was conducted in Egypt between January 2021 and October 2022 on previously diagnosed and controlled patients with ocular hypertension and/or glaucoma. Efficacy was assessed using the change in intraocular pressure (IOP) after 6 and 12 weeks.

Metamorphopsia after surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Improvements in surgical techniques have led to 90% success in the surgical repair of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). However, anatomical reattachment of the retina does not ensure complete recovery of visual function. The incidence of metamorphopsia remains the most common postoperative complaint, from 24% to 88.

Topographic factors associated with anterior chamber angle narrowing in patients with keratoconus.

Aim: To identify topographic determinants of the anterior chamber angle (ACA) in patients with keratoconus (KCN).

Methods: Four hundred and ten eyes of 294 patients with KCN were recruited for this study. First, complete ocular examinations were performed for all patients, including visual acuity measurement, refraction, and slit-lamp biomicroscopy.

Comparison of biomechanical indices measured by ocular response analyzer between children and elderly: a systematic review.

Biomechanical study of the visual system by ocular response analyzer investigates the inter-structural biological relationships, mechanics, and function of the visual system. This review aimed to investigate the changes in corneal biomechanical parameters with age and sex. The articles published in PubMed between 2000 and 2021 were investigated and critiqued, and valid scientific evidence was collected, reviewed and concluded according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Guidelines for standard operation of imaging modalities in orbital diseases (2024).

Orbital disorders include conditions originating from the orbital bones, surrounding tissues, and post-orbital septum. They also include systemic ailments affecting the orbit. Different clinical symptoms make up the complex range of orbital disorders.

Autophagy serves as a protective effect against inflammatory injury of oxidative stress in ARPE-19 cell.

Aim: To test the effect of autophagy on inflammatory damage resulting from oxidative stress in adult retinal pigment epithelial cell line (ARPE-19).

Methods: ARPE-19 cells were pretreated with 200 and 600 µmol/L hydrogen peroxide (HO) at various time intervals. The changes of cell morphology, cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, autophagic activity, and the inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-6, and TGFβ) were measured at baseline and after treatment with autophagy inducer rapamycin (Rapa) and suppressor wortmannin (Wort) or shATG5.

A cross-sectional study of the association between dietary inflammatory index and glaucoma prevalence in a US population.

Aim: To assess the relationship between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and prevalence of glaucoma among individuals aged 40y and above in the United States.

Methods: Participants were drawn from 2 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2005-2008) for a cross-sectional study. DII was calculated from 24-hour dietary recall questionnaire conducted by experienced researchers and data analyzed in R according to the NHANES user guide, "Stratified Multi-stage Probability Sampling".

Latanoprostene bunod: the first nitric oxide-donating antiglaucoma medication.

Glaucoma is a chronic optic neuropathy that causes characteristic visual field defects and is considered one of the leading causes of irreversible vision loss worldwide. Lowering intraocular pressure is the only proven treatment for glaucoma. Medical therapy is usually the first-line treatment for open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension.

LDHAα, a lactate dehydrogenase A isoform, promotes glycolysis and tumor progression.

Lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) is upregulated in multiple cancer types and contributes to the Warburg effect. Several studies have found that many tumor-related genes have subtypes and play important roles in promoting cancer development. Here, we identified a novel LDHA transcript, which produced a new protein 3 kDa larger than LDHA, which we named LDHAα.

Seroma under the amniotic membrane following simple limbal epithelial transplantation.

A woman in her 50s underwent simple limbal epithelial transplantation (SLET) in the left eye for chemical injury with total limbal stem cell deficiency. A seroma, a hitherto unreported complication of the procedure was noted on the 10th postoperative day. It was associated with an accumulation of inflammatory cells and exudates in the inferior part of the amniotic membrane resembling a hypopyon.

A Prospective Self-Controlled Study on the Alterations of the Ocular Surface and Conjunctival Transcriptomic Profile Associated with Prolonged Exposure to Video Display Terminals.

Purpose: To assess the impact of prolonged and intense exposure to video display terminals (VDTs) on ocular surface homeostasis.

Methods: 30 subjects limited daily VDT usage to less than 3 hours for one week, then extended usage to more than 8 hours/day for the next three weeks. Ocular symptoms and signs were evaluated weekly using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire and clinical examinations.

Clinical Features, Risk Factors and Outcomes following Surgery for Late Intraocular Lens Decentration in the Dead Bag Syndrome.

Purpose: To evaluate demographic profile, risk factors and outcomes following intraocular lens (IOL) exchange surgery for late decentration of IOLs in the dead bag syndrome DESIGN: Prospective, interventional case series PARTICIPANTS: 46 eyes (43 patients) with late decentration/dislocation of IOLs and spontaneous posterior capsule rupture in a clear and relatively intact capsular bag. None of the eyes had significant zonular weakness.

Methods: Study conducted at Raghudeep Eye Hospital, India.

Fundus vascular arcades angle reflects choroidal thickness in highly myopic children and adolescents.

Objectives: To identify the role of fundus vascular arcades angle (VAA) in reflecting choroidal thickness (ChT) of highly myopic children and adolescents.

Methods: Participants aged 5 to 18 yrs with high myopia (spherical equivalent, SE ≤ -5.0 D) were enrolled and followed up for one year from the Shanghai Child and Adolescent Large-scale Eye Study.

The Interplay between Metabolic Reprogramming, Mitochondrial Impairment, and Steroid Response in Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy.

Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is a major cause of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair failure. Despite many attempts to find therapeutics for PVR, no pharmacotherapy has been proven effective. Steroids, as the epitome, show uncertain clinical effectiveness, which lacks an explanation and hints at unappreciated mechanisms of PVR.

Topography-guided, patterned, customized corneal crosslinking for non-invasive astigmatism correction.

Objectives: To propose and evaluate a novel, non-invasive approach for enduring corneal astigmatism correction based on topography-guided, patterned, customized riboflavin-ultraviolet A corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL).

Methods: Astigmatism was modelled on both eyes of rabbits. A randomly selected eye of each rabbit was treated by the proposed CXL procedure with another eye as control.

Prediction of OCT contours of short-term response to anti-VEGF treatment for diabetic macular edema using generative adversarial networks.

Diabetic macular edema (DME) stands as a leading cause for vision loss among the working-age population. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents are currently recognized as the first-line treatment. However, a significant portion of patients remain insensitive to anti-VEGF, resulting in sustained visual impairment.

Generation of a human iPSC line (UCLi025-A) from a patient with PHARC syndrome harbouring biallelic variants in ABHD12.

A human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) line (UCLi025-A) was generated from dermal fibroblast cells from a 42-year-old female donor with polyneuropathy, hearing loss, retinitis pigmentosa and early-onset cataract (PHARC) syndrome carrying a homozygous nonsense variant in ABHD12 c.193C>T, p.(Arg65*).

Low-Level Red Light for the Progression Myopia in Children: A Meta-Analysis.

Purposes: This meta-analysis aims to systematically analyze the efficacy of low-level red light (LRL) therapy for myopia control and prevention in children.

Methods: All the data were searched from the PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. The Cochrane Handbook was used to evaluate the quality of the included studies.

Characterisation of the ocular inflammatory response to AAV reveals divergence by sex and age.

Progress for ocular AAV gene therapy has been hindered by AAV-induced inflammation, limiting dose escalation and long-term efficacy. Broadly, the extent of inflammatory responses alters with age and sex, yet these factors are poorly represented in pre-clinical development of ocular AAV gene therapies. Here, we combined clinical imaging, flow cytometry and bulk-sequencing of sorted microglia to interrogate the longitudinal inflammatory response following intravitreal delivery of AAV2 in young (3-month), middle aged (9-month) and old (18-month) Cx3cr1-creER:R26tdTomato+/- mice of both sexes.

Assessment of Quality of Life in Mothers of Visually Impaired Children.

Objective: To assess the factors that affect mothers' quality of life (QOL) and the association of various demographic variables with QOL of the respondents.

Study Design: A cross-sectional survey. Place and Duration of the Study: Al-Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from April to September 2023.

Comparison of two-year myopia control efficacy between spectacle lenses with highly aspherical lenslets and orthokeratology lenses.

Purpose: To compare the two-year efficacy of spectacle lenses with highly aspherical lenslets (HAL) and orthokeratology (OK) lenses in managing myopia in children.

Methods: This retrospective study examined medical records from the Affiliated Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, involving 1683 HAL users and 1192 OK users. Participants were children aged 8-13 with a refractive error of -0.

Assessing Surgical Competency Among Fellows in Vitreoretinal Surgery: A Survey of Fellowship Program Directors and Fellows.

Purpose: We surveyed vitreoretinal (VR) fellowship program directors (PDs) to elucidate how they assess surgical competency among VR fellows. In addition, we also surveyed fellowship program graduates for the years 2022 and 2023 regarding assessment metrics and tools used during VR fellowship training.

Design: Web-based, cross-sectional descriptive study.

Perifoveal vascular anomalous complex and telangiectatic capillaries: An overview of two entities potentially sharing a common pathophysiology.

Focal capillary ectasia in the macular region can manifest in distinct clinical scenarios, which can be categorized into two main entities: perifoveal vascular anomalous complex (PVAC) and telangiectatic capillaries (TelCaps). PVAC represents a primary, idiopathic condition, whereas TelCaps occur secondary to underlying vascular disorders, including diabetic macular edema and retinal vein occlusion. We provide a comprehensive analysis of these two entities, encompassing their clinical presentations, multimodal imaging findings, histological evidence, and differential diagnosis from other retinal microvascular abnormalities, such as Type 1 macular telangiectasia, adult-onset Coats disease, Type 3 macular neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration, and retinal arterial macroaneurysms.