Exploring the Needs and Preferences of Users and Parents to Design a Mobile App to Deliver Mental Health Peer Support to Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes: Qualitative Study.

Background: Beyond physical health, managing type 1 diabetes (T1D) also encompasses a psychological component, including diabetes distress, that is, the worries, fears, and frustrations associated with meeting self-care demands over the lifetime. While digital health solutions have been increasingly used to address emotional health in diabetes, these technologies may not uniformly meet the unique concerns and technological savvy across all age groups.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the mental health needs of adolescents with T1D, determine their preferred modalities for app-based mental health support, and identify desirable design features for peer-delivered mental health support modeled on an app designed for adults with T1D.

Era of Generalist Conversational Artificial Intelligence to Support Public Health Communications.

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into health communication systems has introduced a transformative approach to public health management, particularly during public health emergencies, capable of reaching billions through familiar digital channels. This paper explores the utility and implications of generalist conversational artificial intelligence (CAI) advanced AI systems trained on extensive datasets to handle a wide range of conversational tasks across various domains with human-like responsiveness. The specific focus is on the application of generalist CAI within messaging services, emphasizing its potential to enhance public health communication.

Using Community Engagement to Create a Telecoaching Intervention to Improve Self-Management in Adolescents and Young Adults With Cystic Fibrosis: Qualitative Study.

Background: Adolescents and young adults (AYA) with cystic fibrosis (CF) are at risk for deviating from their daily treatment regimen due to significant time burden, complicated daily therapies, and life stressors. Developing patient-centric, effective, engaging, and practical behavioral interventions is vital to help sustain therapeutically meaningful self-management.

Objective: This study aimed to devise and refine a patient-centered telecoaching intervention to foster self-management in AYA with CF using a combination of intervention development approaches, including an evidence- and theory-based approach (ie, applying existing theories and research evidence for behavior change) and a target population-centered approach (ie, intervention refinement based on the perspectives and actions of those individuals who will use it).

Proteomic characterization and comparison of the infective and adult life stage secretomes from Necator americanus and Ancylostoma ceylanicum.

More than 470 million people globally are infected with the hookworms Ancylostoma ceylanicum and Necator americanus, resulting in an annual loss of 2.1 to 4 million disability-adjusted-life-years. Current infection management approaches are limited by modest drug efficacy, the costs associated with frequent mass drug administration campaigns, and the risk of reinfection and burgeoning drug resistance.

The clinical assessment of lung involvement in patients with Still's disease, results from the multicentre international AIDA Network Still's Disease Registry.

Objectives: To assess the lung involvement in patients with Still's disease, an inflammatory disease assessing both children and adults. To exploit possible associated factors for parenchymal lung involvement in these patients.

Methods: A multicentre observational study was arranged assessing consecutive patients with Still's disease characterized by the lung involvement among those included in the AIDA (AutoInflammatory Disease Alliance) Network Still's Disease Registry.

Are adolescents who do physical activity with their parents more active and mentally healthier?

Background: Adolescents who engage in physical activity experience positive mental health outcomes. However, the increasing prevalence of physical inactivity combined with high screen time use among adolescents is a growing concern. Parents play an important role in shaping adolescents' physical activity and screen time levels through active participation and involvement.

Utility of the 6-Min Walk Test for Assessing Physical Performance in Pediatric Heart Transplant Recipients.

Background: Physical performance capacity (PPC) of pediatric heart transplant (HT) recipients is reportedly low to normal, and longitudinal follow-up of these patients is recommended. However, no recommendation for a follow-up method is available. In this study, the correlation between the 6-min walk test (6MWT), various clinical parameters, and a physical performance test set was evaluated to develop a simple follow-up tool for PPC.

Enhanced recovery after surgery for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a revised systematic review and meta‑analysis.

Purpose: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis surgery (AIS) is often associated with high costs and significant recovery challenges. Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols aim to improve outcomes, reducing hospital stays and complications compared to traditional (TD) pathways. This study evaluates the impact of ERAS protocols on AIS treatment.

The potential link between the development of Alzheimer's disease and osteoporosis.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and osteoporosis (OP) pose distinct but interconnected health challenges, both significantly impacting the aging population. AD, a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory impairment and cognitive decline, is primarily associated with the accumulation of abnormally folded amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. OP, a skeletal disorder marked by low bone mineral density, involves dysregulation of bone remodeling and is associated with an increased risk of fractures.

Hepatopulmonary syndrome from liver disease associated with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease.

Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a life-threatening complication of chronic liver disease (CLD) that currently can be managed only by liver transplant. Though uncommon, some children with kidney disease have coexistent CLD and hence are at risk of developing HPS. Paediatric cases of HPS are rarely described in the nephrology literature.

Femur osteoid osteoma in children: are there location-dependent differences in MRI findings?

Background: Osteoid osteomas are most commonly found in the femur and preferentially affect the pediatric population. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of femoral osteoid osteomas are not well described.

Objective: To systematically characterize pretreatment MRI findings of clinically confirmed femur osteoid osteomas in children and determine location-dependent differences.

Navigating HPV Vaccination: a Qualitative Study on Chinese Women's Decision-Making Experiences.

This qualitative study explores the decision experiences of adult women regarding HPV vaccination, highlighting their decision needs, outcomes, and expected support. A qualitative descriptive study design was used. A semi-structured interview guide based on the Ottawa Decision Support Framework (ODSF) was used to interview Chinese women (aged 18 to 45).

Predictive Model for Histological Chorioamnionitis Risk in Parturients with Intrapartum Fever.

This study aimed to analyze the causative factors of histological chorioamnionitis (HCA) in parturients with intrapartum fever, assess the implications for maternal and neonatal outcomes, and develop a predictive model to enhance clinical decision-making. A retrospective analysis was performed on 408 parturients with intrapartum fever at Fujian Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2022 to June 2023. Based on post-delivery placental pathology, the data were categorized into HCA (249 cases) and non-HCA groups (159 cases).

Analysis of Platelet Morphological Parameters as Clinical Risk Stratification in Acute Coronary Syndrome.

Background: Platelet activation plays a central role in the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Platelet morphological parameters, including MPV, PDW, and P-LCR, are emerging as biomarkers for predicting the severity of ACS and prognosis.

Aims: This study aims to assess the relationship between these parameters and coronary severity and to evaluate their predicting adverse outcomes.

Edaravone Mitigates Hippocampal Neuronal Death and Cognitive Dysfunction by Upregulating BDNF Expression in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Rats.

Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a severe neurological injury during infancy, often resulting in long-term cognitive deficits. This study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of Edaravone (EDA), a free radical scavenger, and elucidate the potential role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in mediating these effects in neonatal HIE rats. Using the Rice-Vannucci model, HIE was induced in neonatal rats, followed by immediate administration of EDA after the hypoxic-ischemic insult.

Long-term impact of early identification of cerebral palsy.

Purpose Of Review: Early identification of cerebral palsy (CP), as in all neurologic conditions, has a profound impact on the ability to initiate interventions, support the education and empowerment of parents, ameliorate the effect of the conditions, and importantly identifies cohorts for neuroprotection or repair to address the primary injury. CP is a life span condition. Rapid initiation of services, support and anticipatory guidance is essential to maximize functional outcomes, prevent or manage complications and improve quality of life.

Reimagining apnea monitoring in the neonatal ICU.

Purpose Of Review: This review outlines the prevalence and complications of apneas and intermittent hypoxemic events in preterm infants, examines current monitoring limitations in neonatal ICUs (NICUs), and explores emerging technologies addressing these challenges.

Recent Findings: New evidence from the Prematurity-Related Ventilatory Control (Pre-Vent) study, which analyzed cardiorespiratory data from 717 extremely preterm infants, exposes the varying frequency, duration, and severity of apneas, intermittent hypoxemia, bradycardias, and periodic breathing during hospitalization, and highlights the negative impact of intermittent hypoxemia on pulmonary outcomes at discharge. Although traditional monitoring methods cannot differentiate between apnea types and quantify their burden, recent advancements in sensor technologies and data integration hold promise for improving real-time detection and evaluation of apneas in the NICU.

Stellate Ganglion Blockade as Rescue Therapy for Recurrent Torsades de Pointes and as a Bridge to Surgical Sympathectomy in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report.

Management of refractory ventricular fibrillation (VF) in patients with implantable implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) presents a therapeutic challenge. We present a case of pediatric refractory ventricular tachycardia (VT)/Torsade de Pointe managed effectively with bilateral stellate ganglion block (SGB) with a long-acting local anesthetic for 18 days as a bridge to more definitive surgical management.

Consensus statement for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of kaposiform hemangioendothelioma.

Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) is a rare vascular tumor that typically presents in infancy or early childhood. As awareness of KHE increases, it is imperative that the management of KHE be updated to reflect the latest evidence-based guidelines. The aim of this study was to integrate the literature and Chinese expert opinions to provide updated recommendations that will guide the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of patients with KHE.

From Sheep to Sling: Pediatric Injuries Due to Rodeo Mutton Bustin'.

Background: Mutton Bustin' was developed as a safer alternative to rough stock rodeo events such as bull riding to allow kids to participate in the rodeo. Children hold on to the bareback of a running sheep until they fall, competing to see who can ride the longest. While reports of injuries due to other rodeo events are well described in the literature, there are no reports of Mutton Bustin'-associated injuries.