120,426 results match your criteria: "Czechia; Institute of Vertebrate Biology[Affiliation]"

A comprehensive summary of the ASEV-CzeSEV joint meeting on extracellular vesicles.

Extracell Vesicles Circ Nucl Acids

December 2024

Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic.

This report summarizes the ASEV-CzeSEV Joint Meeting on Extracellular Vesicles (EVs), held at the Medical University of Vienna in September 2024. The conference focused on introducing and expanding EV research and infrastructure within the Czech Republic and Austria, highlighting areas for collaboration. Key sessions featured research on EV-based diagnostics, tissue regeneration, interspecies communication and therapeutic applications, with an emphasis on shared resources and cross-border partnerships.

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High-resolution isotopic data link settlement complexification to infant diets within the Roman Empire.

PNAS Nexus

January 2025

Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche e Farmaceutiche (DiSTABiF) and Mediterranean bioArchaeological Research Advances (MAReA) centre, Università degli studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, Caserta 81100, Italy.

Our study explores the potential relationship between infant feeding practices and settlement complexity in the Roman Empire through high-resolution Bayesian-modeled stable isotope measurements from incremental dentine. We compiled isotopic data from permanent first molars of individuals from various Roman sites: five from Bainesse (UK), 30 from Thessaloniki (Greece), along with new carbon and nitrogen isotope analyses from four individuals from Pompeii and six from Ostia Via del Mare (AVM). Our results reveal significant inter-site variability in breastfeeding durations, ranging from 1.

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poisoning in two horses: A case report.

Vet Med (Praha)

November 2024

Equine Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.

This case report describes the poisoning of two mares from the same paddock with (Black locust) bark. The poisoning manifested itself by the sudden onset of weakness and fever with transient improvement after the administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and fluids. After the initial stabilisation, the mares were left unattended overnight.

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Global Aromatic Ring Currents in Neutral Porphyrin Nanobelts.

ACS Nano

January 2025

Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.

The ability of a ring-shaped molecule to sustain a global aromatic or antiaromatic ring current when placed in a magnetic field indicates that its electronic wave function is coherently delocalized around its whole circumference. Large molecules that display this behavior are attractive components for molecular electronic devices, but this phenomenon is rare in neutral molecules with circuits of more than 40 π-electrons. Here, we use theoretical methods to investigate how the global ring currents evolve with increasing ring size in cyclic molecular nanobelts built from edge-fused porphyrins.

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Introduction: Initial evidence suggests that engaging with accepting communities on social media such as Instagram may inform sexual minority youths' sense of stigma and well-being. However, as existing research has predominately drawn upon cross-sectional or qualitative designs, it is currently unclear whether the positive experiences identified in previous research accumulate, endure, or evolve over time. We also know relatively little about whether engagement with accepting online communities is primarily a compensatory or enhancing behavior.

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Deciphering key nano-bio interface descriptors to predict nanoparticle-induced lung fibrosis.

Part Fibre Toxicol

January 2025

State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical School, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.

Background: The advancement of nanotechnology underscores the imperative need for establishing in silico predictive models to assess safety, particularly in the context of chronic respiratory afflictions such as lung fibrosis, a pathogenic transformation that is irreversible. While the compilation of predictive descriptors is pivotal for in silico model development, key features specifically tailored for predicting lung fibrosis remain elusive. This study aimed to uncover the essential predictive descriptors governing nanoparticle-induced pulmonary fibrosis.

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Syndecan-1 in the Serum of Deceased Kidney Donors as a Potential Biomarker of Kidney Function.

Transplant Proc

January 2025

Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Faculty of Health Studies, Technical University in Liberec, Liberec, Czech Republic.

Background: The process of kidney transplantation remains the optimal treatment for end-stage renal disease, offering improved quality of life and increased survival rates compared to long-term dialysis. However, despite advances in surgical techniques, immunosuppression regimens, and post-operative care, there are still significant challenges in predicting the organ's status and long-term outcomes of transplantation. Among the many factors that influence graft survival, the quality of the donated organ plays a fundamental role.

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Teaching Pathological Physiology of Sepsis Using a High Fidelity Simulator.

Adv Physiol Educ

January 2025

Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, Hnevotinska 3, Olomouc 775 15, Czech Republic.

A good knowledge of the theoretical foundations of medicine helps students and physicians to better recognize and treat patients with complex medical conditions, including sepsis and septic shock. The article describes the authors' experience in implementing the analysis of sepsis and septic shock using a high-fidelity simulated clinical scenario in the course of pathological physiology for preclinical medical students. The unique aspect of our approach is the integration of core physiology concepts, such as homeostasis, causality, structure-function relationships, and fundamental pathophysiology concepts (e.

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Myocardial infarction in multivessel disease: Does presence of chronic total occlusion make a difference?

Int J Cardiol

January 2025

Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic; Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.

Background And Aims: Myocardial infarction (MI) in multivessel disease (MVD) and chronic total occlusion (CTO) is associated with high mortality. However, all-cause mortality of matched cohort without a CTO is unclear. Our aim was to analyse clinical characteristics, presenting symptoms, and survival of patients with MI in MVD and the possible impact of CTO on 1-year mortality.

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Neoadjuvant immunotherapy represents a pioneering approach in the preoperative treatment of cancer, offering novel avenues for tumor reduction and improved patient outcomes by modulating the immune response. This study investigated neoadjuvant immunotherapy using intratumoral administration of mannan-BAM, Toll-like receptor ligands, and antiCD40 antibody (MBTA therapy) followed by surgery in murine models of mouse tumor tissue (MTT) pheochromocytoma, B16-F10 melanoma, and 4T1 and E0771.lmb mammary carcinomas.

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African mole-rats (Bathyergidae, Rodentia) are subterranean rodents that live in extensive dark underground tunnel systems and rarely emerge aboveground. They can discriminate between light and dark but show no overt visually driven behaviours except for light-avoidance responses. Their eyes and central visual system are strongly reduced but not degenerated.

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Problem: The aetiology of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy is still not well understood.

Background: Previous research suggests that its incidence and severity are influenced by many different factors, including demographic, lifestyle and psychosocial factors.

Aim: This study aimed to test the effect of multiple factors (use of combined oral contraception (COC) on meeting the father, sex of the foetus, age when pregnant, parity, education, life standard/income, smoking before pregnancy and BMI) on levels of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy.

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Neighborhood environment and cognitive functioning in middle-aged and older population: A mediating role of physical activity.

Int J Hyg Environ Health

January 2025

RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address:

Background: Evidence on the impact of complex neighborhood environment, including air pollution, greenness, and neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation (nSED) on cognitive health in older adults remains scarce. Both cognition and neighborhood environment are associated with physical activity, but little is known about the potential mediating role of physical activity in this association.

Methods: Cross-sectional data of the Czech arm of the HAPIEE cohort study examined 4,178 participants (55.

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To date, III-V semiconductor-based tandem devices with GaInP top photoabsorbers show the highest solar-to-electricity or solar-to-fuel conversion efficiencies. In photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells, however, III-V semiconductors are sensitive, in terms of photochemical stability and, therefore, require suitable functional layers for electronic and chemical passivation. GaN films are discussed as promising options for this purpose.

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In biology and life sciences, fractal theory and fractional calculus have significant applications in simulating and understanding complex problems. In this paper, a compartmental model employing Caputo-type fractional and fractal-fractional operators is presented to analyze Nipah virus (NiV) dynamics and transmission. Initially, the model includes nine nonlinear ordinary differential equations that consider viral concentration, flying fox, and human populations simultaneously.

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Central Eastern European countries (CEEc) are characterized both by huge diversity in income inequality and, on average, by lower levels of well-being than in the other European Union (EU) countries. Given that income inequality may affect well-being negatively, the present study aims to explore the links between income inequalities and different dimensions of well-being in the eight CEEc, i.e.

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Stereotactic Radiosurgery for World Health Organization Grade 2 and 3 Oligodendroglioma: An International Multicenter Study.

Neurosurgery

September 2024

Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.

Background And Objectives: Oligodendrogliomas are primary brain tumors classified as isocitrate deshydrogenase-mutant and 1p19q codeleted in the 2021 World Health Organization Classification of central nervous system tumors. Surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are well-established management options for these tumors. Few studies have evaluated the efficacy of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for oligodendroglioma.

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Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic coccus capable of causing infectious diseases in animals and humans. Especially dangerous are multidrug-resistant forms with poor or even no response to available treatments.

Objectives: The study aimed to verify the effect of enzybiotics on the healing of S.

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Objectives: Staphylococcus aureus is part of the human microbiota, but at the same time, it is capable of causing a wide range of diseases. Due to the ever-increasing resistance to antimicrobial agents and the existence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains, there is a real possibility of carrying even this resistant bacterium, which can subsequently cause a severe infection.

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Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) at the University Hospital Olomouc (UHO) over a 10-year period (2013-2022).

Material And Methods: Data was obtained from the ENVIS LIMS laboratory information system (DS Soft, Czech Republic, Olomouc) of the Department of Microbiology, UHO, for the period 1/1/2013-31/12/2022. Standard microbiological procedures using the MALDI-TOF MS system (Biotyper Microflex, Bruker Daltonics) were applied for the identification.

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Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the associations between radiographic damage, serum biomarkers, and clinical assessments in Czech patients with hand osteoarthritis (HOA) over a five-year follow-up period.

Methods: The study cohort comprised 129 patients diagnosed with HOA, including 72 patients with an erosive subtype and 57 patients with a non-erosive subtype. Radiographs were evaluated using the Kallman scoring system by two independent readers.

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Barriers to transition to resource-oriented sanitation in rural Ethiopia.

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int

January 2025

Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.

Recycling excreta resources through resource-oriented toilet systems (ROTS) holds transformative potential, yet adoption remains limited, especially where benefits could be high. This study aims to understand constraints hindering the adoption of ROTS in one such area in Ethiopia. Based on a survey among 476 households comprising 2393 individuals, we examine the plans to use ROTS and willingness to pay for ROTS and apply structural equation modelling to analyze the drivers of these two outcomes while comparing the explanative power of the extended technology acceptance model, extended theory of planned behaviour, and their combined model.

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An important part of the side effects of combined oral contraceptives (COC) usage is its psychological impact, which includes mood changes, anxiousness and depression. The psychological impacts are expected to be caused by physiological fluctuations of sex hormone levels during the menstrual cycle; this cycling is, however, suppressed in COC users. In our study, we assessed the differences in emotional awareness and anxiousness between women long term users of anti-androgenic COC (AA) and women with no COC use in their medical history (C).

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