The employment of recommended root canal treatment procedures by dentists in Croatia and the Czech Republic.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the compliance of dentists in Croatia and the Czech Republic with endodontic recommendations and identify the subjective and objective factors influencing their adherence to them.

Methodology: A total of 1386 dentists from Croatia and the Czech Republic participated in an online survey through a self-administered, author-designed questionnaire. After excluding those who did not perform root canal treatments (RCT), 1376 responses (394 from Croatia and 982 from the Czech Republic) were statistically analysed.

A Protocol for GC-MS Profiling of Chiral Secondary Amino Acids.

A simple analytical workflow is described for gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric (GC-MS)-based chiral profiling of secondary amino acids (AAs) in biological matrices. The sample preparation is carried out directly in aqueous biological sample extracts and involves in situ heptafluorobutyl chloroformate (HFBCF) derivatization-liquid-liquid microextraction of nonpolar products into hexane phase followed by subsequent formation of the corresponding methylamides from the HFB esters by direct treatment with methylamine reagent solution. The (O, N) HFB-butoxycarbonyl-methylamide AA products (HFBOC-MA) are separated on a Chirasil-L-Val capillary column and quantitatively measured by GC-MS operated in selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode.

Total joint arthroplasty of the thumb CMC joint.

Purpose Of The Study: Rhizarthrosis-osteoarthritis of the thumb carpometacarpal (CMC) joint is usually a primary idiopathic disease. Total joint arthroplasty (TJA) is one of the surgical treatment options for symptomatic advanced thumb CMC arthritis. This retrospective study aims to evaluate the mid-term functional and radiological results of TJA with the minimum follow-up period of 3 years after the surgery.

Automated analysis of spoken language differentiates multiple system atrophy from Parkinson's disease.

Background And Objectives: Patients with synucleinopathies such as multiple system atrophy (MSA) and Parkinson's disease (PD) frequently display speech and language abnormalities. We explore the diagnostic potential of automated linguistic analysis of natural spontaneous speech to differentiate MSA and PD.

Methods: Spontaneous speech of 39 participants with MSA compared to 39 drug-naive PD and 39 healthy controls matched for age and sex was transcribed and linguistically annotated using automatic speech recognition and natural language processing.

Hearing thresholds at conventional and extended high frequencies in young personal listening devices' users: A pilot study.

<b>Introduction:</b> The exposure to unsafe sound levels is considered a risk factor for developing noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). Personal listening devices (PLDs) represent a common source of recreational noise among young adults. First changes of NIHL could be detected at extended high frequencies (EHFs).

The role of multi-modality imaging for the assessment of left atrium and left atrial appendage. A clinical consensus statement of the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI), European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC).

Structural, architectural, contractile or electrophysiological alterations may occur in the left atrium (LA). The concept of LA cardiopathy is supported by accumulating scientific evidence demonstrating that LA remodeling has become a cornerstone diagnostic and prognostic marker. The structure and the function of LA and left atrial appendage (LAA) which is an integral part of the LA, are key elements for a better understanding of multiple clinical conditions, most notably atrial fibrillation (AF), cardioembolism, heart failure and mitral valve diseases.

A comprehensive summary of the ASEV-CzeSEV joint meeting on extracellular vesicles.

This report summarizes the ASEV-CzeSEV Joint Meeting on Extracellular Vesicles (EVs), held at the Medical University of Vienna in September 2024. The conference focused on introducing and expanding EV research and infrastructure within the Czech Republic and Austria, highlighting areas for collaboration. Key sessions featured research on EV-based diagnostics, tissue regeneration, interspecies communication and therapeutic applications, with an emphasis on shared resources and cross-border partnerships.

High-resolution isotopic data link settlement complexification to infant diets within the Roman Empire.

Our study explores the potential relationship between infant feeding practices and settlement complexity in the Roman Empire through high-resolution Bayesian-modeled stable isotope measurements from incremental dentine. We compiled isotopic data from permanent first molars of individuals from various Roman sites: five from Bainesse (UK), 30 from Thessaloniki (Greece), along with new carbon and nitrogen isotope analyses from four individuals from Pompeii and six from Ostia Via del Mare (AVM). Our results reveal significant inter-site variability in breastfeeding durations, ranging from 1.

poisoning in two horses: A case report.

This case report describes the poisoning of two mares from the same paddock with (Black locust) bark. The poisoning manifested itself by the sudden onset of weakness and fever with transient improvement after the administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and fluids. After the initial stabilisation, the mares were left unattended overnight.

From Stigma to Strength? The Interrelations Between Sexual Identity Stigma, Well-Being, and Accepting Communities on Instagram Amongst Sexual Minority Youth.

Introduction: Initial evidence suggests that engaging with accepting communities on social media such as Instagram may inform sexual minority youths' sense of stigma and well-being. However, as existing research has predominately drawn upon cross-sectional or qualitative designs, it is currently unclear whether the positive experiences identified in previous research accumulate, endure, or evolve over time. We also know relatively little about whether engagement with accepting online communities is primarily a compensatory or enhancing behavior.

Deciphering key nano-bio interface descriptors to predict nanoparticle-induced lung fibrosis.

Background: The advancement of nanotechnology underscores the imperative need for establishing in silico predictive models to assess safety, particularly in the context of chronic respiratory afflictions such as lung fibrosis, a pathogenic transformation that is irreversible. While the compilation of predictive descriptors is pivotal for in silico model development, key features specifically tailored for predicting lung fibrosis remain elusive. This study aimed to uncover the essential predictive descriptors governing nanoparticle-induced pulmonary fibrosis.

Syndecan-1 in the Serum of Deceased Kidney Donors as a Potential Biomarker of Kidney Function.

Background: The process of kidney transplantation remains the optimal treatment for end-stage renal disease, offering improved quality of life and increased survival rates compared to long-term dialysis. However, despite advances in surgical techniques, immunosuppression regimens, and post-operative care, there are still significant challenges in predicting the organ's status and long-term outcomes of transplantation. Among the many factors that influence graft survival, the quality of the donated organ plays a fundamental role.

Teaching Pathological Physiology of Sepsis Using a High Fidelity Simulator.

A good knowledge of the theoretical foundations of medicine helps students and physicians to better recognize and treat patients with complex medical conditions, including sepsis and septic shock. The article describes the authors' experience in implementing the analysis of sepsis and septic shock using a high-fidelity simulated clinical scenario in the course of pathological physiology for preclinical medical students. The unique aspect of our approach is the integration of core physiology concepts, such as homeostasis, causality, structure-function relationships, and fundamental pathophysiology concepts (e.

Myocardial infarction in multivessel disease: Does presence of chronic total occlusion make a difference?

Background And Aims: Myocardial infarction (MI) in multivessel disease (MVD) and chronic total occlusion (CTO) is associated with high mortality. However, all-cause mortality of matched cohort without a CTO is unclear. Our aim was to analyse clinical characteristics, presenting symptoms, and survival of patients with MI in MVD and the possible impact of CTO on 1-year mortality.

Neoadjuvant Intratumoral MBT(A) Immunotherapy Prevents Distant Metastases and Recurrence in Murine Models.

Neoadjuvant immunotherapy represents a pioneering approach in the preoperative treatment of cancer, offering novel avenues for tumor reduction and improved patient outcomes by modulating the immune response. This study investigated neoadjuvant immunotherapy using intratumoral administration of mannan-BAM, Toll-like receptor ligands, and antiCD40 antibody (MBTA therapy) followed by surgery in murine models of mouse tumor tissue (MTT) pheochromocytoma, B16-F10 melanoma, and 4T1 and E0771.lmb mammary carcinomas.

Distinct retinal ganglion cell types in strictly subterranean, naturally microphthalmic mammals.

African mole-rats (Bathyergidae, Rodentia) are subterranean rodents that live in extensive dark underground tunnel systems and rarely emerge aboveground. They can discriminate between light and dark but show no overt visually driven behaviours except for light-avoidance responses. Their eyes and central visual system are strongly reduced but not degenerated.

Predictors of inter-individual variation in nausea and vomiting in pregnancy in two samples of women attending a pregnancy clinic.

Problem: The aetiology of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy is still not well understood.

Background: Previous research suggests that its incidence and severity are influenced by many different factors, including demographic, lifestyle and psychosocial factors.

Aim: This study aimed to test the effect of multiple factors (use of combined oral contraception (COC) on meeting the father, sex of the foetus, age when pregnant, parity, education, life standard/income, smoking before pregnancy and BMI) on levels of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy.

Neighborhood environment and cognitive functioning in middle-aged and older population: A mediating role of physical activity.

Background: Evidence on the impact of complex neighborhood environment, including air pollution, greenness, and neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation (nSED) on cognitive health in older adults remains scarce. Both cognition and neighborhood environment are associated with physical activity, but little is known about the potential mediating role of physical activity in this association.

Methods: Cross-sectional data of the Czech arm of the HAPIEE cohort study examined 4,178 participants (55.

Photoemission Study of GaN Passivation Layers and Band Alignment at GaInP(100) Heterointerfaces.

To date, III-V semiconductor-based tandem devices with GaInP top photoabsorbers show the highest solar-to-electricity or solar-to-fuel conversion efficiencies. In photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells, however, III-V semiconductors are sensitive, in terms of photochemical stability and, therefore, require suitable functional layers for electronic and chemical passivation. GaN films are discussed as promising options for this purpose.

Assessing the global dynamics of Nipah infection under vaccination and treatment: A novel computational modeling approach.

In biology and life sciences, fractal theory and fractional calculus have significant applications in simulating and understanding complex problems. In this paper, a compartmental model employing Caputo-type fractional and fractal-fractional operators is presented to analyze Nipah virus (NiV) dynamics and transmission. Initially, the model includes nine nonlinear ordinary differential equations that consider viral concentration, flying fox, and human populations simultaneously.

Multidimensional well-being and income inequality in Central and Eastern Europe: A comparative analysis of CEE North and CEE Continental countries.

Central Eastern European countries (CEEc) are characterized both by huge diversity in income inequality and, on average, by lower levels of well-being than in the other European Union (EU) countries. Given that income inequality may affect well-being negatively, the present study aims to explore the links between income inequalities and different dimensions of well-being in the eight CEEc, i.e.

Stereotactic Radiosurgery for World Health Organization Grade 2 and 3 Oligodendroglioma: An International Multicenter Study.

Background And Objectives: Oligodendrogliomas are primary brain tumors classified as isocitrate deshydrogenase-mutant and 1p19q codeleted in the 2021 World Health Organization Classification of central nervous system tumors. Surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are well-established management options for these tumors. Few studies have evaluated the efficacy of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for oligodendroglioma.