Dual Interface Modification for Reduced Nonradiative Recombination in n-i-p Methylammonium-Free Perovskite Solar Cells.

High defect concentrations at the interfaces are the basis of charge extraction losses and instability in perovskite solar cells. Surface engineering with organic cations is a common practice to solve this issue. However, the full implications of the counteranions of these cations for device functioning are often neglected.

Detection of clinically relevant variants in the gene below 10% allelic frequency: A multicenter study by ERIC, the European Research Initiative on CLL.

In chronic lymphocytic leukemia, the reliability of next-generation sequencing (NGS) to detect variants ≤10% allelic frequency (low-VAF) is debated. We tested the ability to detect 23 such variants in 41 different laboratories using their NGS method of choice. The sensitivity was 85.

Neuropathology in 1984: a deadly shot into the heart of Europe.

Just 40 years ago, Europe was divided into the Eastern communist bloc, which included the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic (ČSSR) and was dominated by the now historical Soviet Union, and the Western bloc comprising democracies such as Austria. The Iron Curtain, a heavily guarded and deadly border zone, separated the two blocs and constrained, in prison style, the populations of the Eastern bloc. The present neuropathological article relates the sad fate of František Faktor, a 33 years-old Czech who was shot by ČSSR border guards when attempting to flee to Austria at the border between and .

Phylogenomics and a new classification of the tropical genus L. (Monocots, Zingiberales, Heliconiaceae).

Members of the genus L. (Heliconiaceae) have evolved complex interactions with both insect herbivores and hummingbird pollinators in tropical forests and secondary growth where they are abundant and diverse. Many of these same species have also been cultivated as ornamentals around the world for hundreds of years because of their extraordinary colors and forms.

Cross-Coupling Reactions with Nickel, Visible Light, and -Butylamine as a Bifunctional Additive.

Transition metal catalysis is crucial for the synthesis of complex molecules, with ligands and bases playing a pivotal role in optimizing cross-coupling reactions. Despite advancements in ligand design and base selection, achieving effective synergy between these components remains challenging. We present here a general approach to nickel-catalyzed photoredox reactions employing -butylamine as a cost-effective bifunctional additive, acting as the base and ligand.

Characterization of Amorphous Ibrutinib Thermal Stability.

The choice of method for drug amorphization depends on various factors, including the physicochemical properties of the active pharmaceutical ingredients, the desired formulation, and scalability requirements. It is often important to consider a combination of methods or the use of excipients to further enhance the stability and performance of the amorphous drug. This study presents a comparison of techniques including melt quench, hot melt extrusion, solvent evaporation, ball milling, and lyophilization used for the preparation of amorphous ibrutinib.

Towards a sustainable set of European Core Health Indicators (ECHI).

Background: The European Core Health Indicators (ECHI) are a set of 88 indicators that provide a compact overview of the extensive field of European public health and healthcare. The ECHI set adds value to European Union health information systems (HIS) for both Member States and EU-associated countries and the European Commission by providing a solid, comparable information base on national public health and healthcare trends and developments. The indicators allow for learning by comparison and the list supports the organisation of national health information systems.

Inflammatory changes in the choroid plexus following subarachnoid hemorrhage: the role of innate immune receptors and inflammatory molecules.

Introduction: The choroid plexus is located in the cerebral ventricles. It consists of a stromal core and a single layer of cuboidal epithelial cells that forms the blood-cerebrospinal barrier. The main function of the choroid plexus is to produce cerebrospinal fluid.

Remote Deep-Ultraviolet Laser Ablation in Connection with Electrospray Ionization-Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization (rDUVLAESCI): A Novel Dual Ionization Source for Molecular Mass Spectrometry.

A novel remote deep ultraviolet laser ablation inlet connected to a dual electrospray ionization-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (rDUVLAESCI) source is presented. This system allows for the simultaneous and spatial acquisition of mass spectrometry (MS) data for organic molecules with diverse polarities and molecular weights. Deep 193 nm UV laser ablation was used to sample analytes from dried spots for molecular MS analysis precisely.

In Vitro Assessment of Chitosan-PEG Hydrogels Enriched with MSCs-Exosomes for Enhancing Wound Healing.

Regenerating skin tissue remains a major challenge in medical science, especially due to the risk of scarring and prolonged healing, which becomes even more complicated in people with diabetes. Recent advancements have led to the creation of therapeutic dressings incorporating drug-delivery systems to tackle these issues. Exosomes (Exos) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have gained significant attention for mediating therapy without directly using cells, thanks to their natural anti-inflammatory and tissue repair properties mirroring those of MSCs.

Genome sequences of four Ixodes species expands understanding of tick evolution.

Background: Ticks, hematophagous Acari, pose a significant threat by transmitting various pathogens to their vertebrate hosts during feeding. Despite advances in tick genomics, high-quality genomes were lacking until recently, particularly in the genus Ixodes, which includes the main vectors of Lyme disease.

Results: Here, we present the genome sequences of four tick species, derived from a single female individual, with a particular focus on the European species Ixodes ricinus, achieving a chromosome-level assembly.

Highly sensitive persons feel more emotionally lonely than the general population.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sensory processing sensitivity (SPS), emotional and social loneliness and social isolation. Data were collected from September 2022 to May 2023 on a sample of 3247 participants aged 18 to 80 (mean age = 31.9 years ± 13.

Mitochondrial DNA variants and their impact on epigenetic and biological aging in young adulthood.

The pace of biological aging varies between people independently of chronological age and mitochondria dysfunction is a key hallmark of biological aging. We hypothesized that higher functional impact (FI) score of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants might contribute to premature aging and tested the relationships between a novel FI score of mtDNA variants and epigenetic and biological aging in young adulthood. A total of 81 participants from the European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood (ELSPAC) prenatal birth cohort had good quality genetic data as well as blood-based markers to estimate biological aging in the late 20.

Nanotubular clay minerals for simultaneous sorption of pesticides and PFCAs: a molecular simulation study.

Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and herbicides are important persistent contaminants that require specific management. A variety of herbicides is stored in fluorinated containers in the form of aquatic solutions. In such environments, the simultaneous release of PFAS and herbicides takes place.

Dating the origin of a viral domestication event in parasitoid wasps attacking Diptera.

Over the course of evolution, hymenopteran parasitoids have developed a close relationship with heritable viruses, sometimes integrating viral genes into their chromosomes. For example, in parasitoids belonging to the genus, 13 viral genes from the family have been domesticated to deliver immunosuppressive factors to host immune cells, thereby protecting parasitoid offspring from the host immune response. The present study aims to comprehensively characterize this domestication event in terms of the viral genes involved, the wasp diversity affected by this event and its chronology.

Cophylogeny, narrow host breadth and local conditions drive highly specialized bird-haemosporidian associations in West-Central African sky islands.

The parasite island syndrome denotes shifts in parasite life histories on islands, which affect parasite diversity, prevalence and specificity. However, current evidence of parasite island syndromes mainly stems from oceanic islands, while sky islands (i.e.

CryoEM structure and small-angle X-ray scattering analyses of porcine retinol-binding protein 3.

The vertebrate visual cycle hinges on enzymatically converting all--retinol (at-ROL) into 11--retinal (11c-RAL), the chromophore that binds to opsins in photoreceptors, forming light-responsive pigments. When struck by a photon, these pigments activate the phototransduction pathway and initiate the process of vision. The enzymatic isomerization of at-ROL, crucial for restoring the visual pigments and preparing them to receive new light stimuli, relies on various enzymes found in both the photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelium cells.

Effects of fulvic acid on zebrafish (Danio rerio) growth, immunity and antioxidant status.

This experiment aimed to determine the efficacy of fulvic acid (FLA) on growth performance, innate immune system, antioxidant parameters, and expression of immune and antioxidant-related genes in zebrafish (Danio rerio). To this end, 12 tanks (3 per group), each containing 50 zebrafish (with an average weight of 85.7 ± 10.

The transition to flying insects: lessons from evo-devo and fossils.

Insects are the only arthropod group to achieve powered flight, which facilitated their explosive radiation on land. It remains a significant challenge to understand the evolutionary transition from non-flying (apterygote) to flying (pterygote) insects due to the large gap in the fossil record. Under such situation, ontogenic information has historically been used to compensate fossil evidence.

WBP1L, a transmembrane adaptor protein involved in the regulation of hematopoiesis, is controlled by CRL1 ubiquitin ligases.

WBP1L is a broadly expressed transmembrane adaptor protein involved in regulating hematopoietic stem cell function and T cell development. It interacts with NEDD4-family E3 ubiquitin ligases and regulates important chemokine receptor CXCR4. Using tandem affinity purification coupled with mass spectrometry, we identified novel WBP1L interactions with the IFNγ receptor and the Cullin-RING ubiquitin ligases CRL1.

Comparison of ultrasound to MR and histological methods for liver fat quantification.

Purpose: This prospective pilot study aims to evaluate the capabilities of novel quantitative ultrasound (QUS) methods based on attenuation (Att.PLUS) and sound speed (SSp.PLUS) for detecting liver fat.

Safety of Human USH1C Transgene Expression Following Subretinal Injection in Wild-Type Pigs.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate early-phase safety of subretinal application of AAVanc80.CAG.USH1Ca1 (OT_USH_101) in wild-type (WT) pigs, examining the effects of a vehicle control, low dose, and high dose.