7,940 results match your criteria: "Cysticercosis"

Occurrence of Taenia species and Toxoplasma gondii in pigs slaughtered in Bujumbura city, Kayanza and Ngozi provinces, Burundi.

BMC Vet Res

December 2024

Laboratory of Foodborne Parasitic Zoonoses, Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.

Background: Taenia spp. and Toxoplasma gondii are foodborne parasites affecting humans and pigs. The magnitude of the burden of these parasites in pigs in Burundi is not known.

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Taenia solium is a parasite and is endemic in the developing countries due to various unhygienic faecal practices. The disseminated form is commoner with the brain being the most common site of affliction. This report is of a young female patient with complaints of an insidious and progressive swelling of the right forearm.

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cysticercosis is a rare but recently more frequently reported disease that can affect both human and non-human primates as aberrant hosts. A common marmoset was noticed as being affected by advancing weight loss that did not respond to therapy and finally had to be euthanized due to poor prognosis. A complete necropsy with gross evaluation and subsequent histological and molecular analyses was performed, revealing the presence of a cysticercosis in the thoracic and pelvic cavity and in the mesentery.

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Background: Cysticercosis, a parasitic infection caused by the larval stages of the pork tapeworm, Taenia solium, predominantly affects cerebral and ocular tissues. The subcutaneous manifestation of this disease is a relatively uncommon clinical occurrence. Previously very few or no cases of cysticercosis presenting as subcutaneous solitary painful swelling have been reported in the literature.

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Taenia saginata prevalence in cattle slaughtered at low throughput abattoirs in South Africa.

Onderstepoort J Vet Res

December 2024

Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria.

Meat inspection is the routine method used to identify cattle infected with Taenia saginata; however, the sensitivity of this method is low. We investigated the prevalence of T. saginata infection in cattle slaughtered in low throughput abattoirs (LTs) in Gauteng province, South Africa, based on meat inspection and serology.

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Forearm mystery: rare flexor carpi radialis muscle cysticercosis.

J Surg Case Rep

December 2024

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202001, India.

This case report describes a rare instance of muscle cysticercosis in a 16-year-old vegetarian female from an endemic region, highlighting the challenges in diagnosing atypical presentations of the disease. The patient presented with a 2-month history of persistent pain and swelling in the right forearm, which did not respond to over-the-counter analgesics. A clinical examination identified a non-tender, immobile swelling, and imaging studies suggested cysticercosis.

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Thinking outside tuberculosis: A case of widespread active disseminated cysticercosis.

SA J Radiol

November 2024

Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.

Unlabelled: A rare case of widespread disseminated cysticercosis was identified in a 32-year-old female patient from the Eastern Cape province, South Africa. Initially, she displayed generalised nonspecific symptoms, leading to a misinterpretation of disseminated tuberculosis (TB). However, further radiological, haematological and pathological investigations revealed extensive dissemination of cysticercosis.

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Purpose: Ocular cysticercosis, caused by larvae, presents significant public health challenges, especially in regions with poor sanitation. Traditional imaging techniques often fail to detect anterior segment cysticercosis accurately, necessitating the exploration of more advanced diagnostic modalities like Ultrasound Biomicroscopy (UBM).

Patients And Methods: A retrospective observational analysis was conducted on 18 eyes from 14 patients with cysticercosis involving the anterior segment.

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Cysticercosis, although reported in several parts of the body, especially the liver, lesions occurring in the kidney are particularly rare. We report a 58-year-old female patient with intermittent epigastric pain, who was found to have a huge occupancy of the right kidney on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which was confirmed to have a predominantly cystic component, with no clear enhancement on CT images after injection of contrast medium, and significant enhancement of the peritoneum and septum visible on MRI. This case reports a case and its rarity of cysticercosis occurring in the kidney.

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Seroprevalence and Risk Factors for Cysticercosis in Mexican Americans in Starr County, Texas.

Pathogens

November 2024

National School of Tropical Medicine, Section of Tropical Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

Article Synopsis
  • - Cysticercosis is a parasitic infection caused by the pork tapeworm, often linked to chronic headaches and epilepsy in areas like Latin America and Asia, especially when it affects the central nervous system (neurocysticercosis).
  • - A serosurvey in Starr County, Texas, identified a 7.4% prevalence of cysticercosis among Mexican-American adults, with brain imaging revealing neurocysticercosis lesions in 2 of the 45 seropositive individuals.
  • - Factors such as being female, working in healthcare or social services, and having an indoor job were significantly associated with a higher likelihood of being seropositive, indicating a need for more research on
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The Sexual Dimorphism of the Neuroimmune Response in the Brains of -Infected Mice.

Brain Sci

November 2024

Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Coyoacán, Mexico.

Article Synopsis
  • Helminth infections in school-age children lead to cognitive deficits, and deworming treatment improves memory recall; similar effects are observed in mice with distinct differences between sexes.
  • Male and female mice showed different parasite loads and changes in neurotransmitter levels, with males experiencing increased norepinephrine and serotonin in the hippocampus, while females had decreased levels.
  • The study indicates that the brain's response to infection varies across different structures and can explain the behavioral changes seen in infected individuals, highlighting the complex interactions between the immune, endocrine, and nervous systems.
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Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is a common parasitic neuroinfectious disease caused by humans becoming intermediate hosts in the life cycle of the pig tapeworm, Taenia solium, after ingesting its eggs. This case series examines seven female patients with NCC who engaged in geophagy (soil consumption) and were evaluated at Centre Médical Baraka in Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, from January 2019 to December 2020. From a cohort of 176 patients with epilepsy evaluated during that period, 105 underwent brain computed tomography scans, and 36 were confirmed to have NCC.

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Article Synopsis
  • * Traditional diagnostic methods for cysticercosis lack sensitivity and require specialized labs, making effective disease control challenging.
  • * A new recombinant Ag2-based dot blot assay was developed, showing high sensitivity (89%) and specificity (100%), indicating it could be a cost-effective and reliable diagnostic tool for use in low-resource settings.
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We performed a literature review focusing on case reports and case series studies, aiming to better define the clinical presentation of isolated lateral intraventricular neurocysticercosis (LVNCC) and to discuss the current knowledge of its characteristics, patient demographics, clinical manifestations, treatment, and prognosis, based on the collected data. Data for this study were gathered by conducting searches on the Medline database and Google Scholar using various combinations of the following terms "intraventricular neurocysticercosis (IVNCC)," "brain ventricle cyst," "cysticercosis of lateral brain ventricles," "cysticercus cyst in brain ventricles," and "intraventricular cystic brain lesion." Articles published in English between January 1980 and March 2023 that reported cases of LVNCC were selected for analysis.

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Aims: Spinal neurocysticercosis is a rare central nervous system infection caused by the larval form of the . Due to its rarity, most knowledge is derived from isolated case reports. This review aims to evaluate existing case reports and observational studies to provide a comprehensive overview of the disease's clinical presentation and treatment outcomes.

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Accuracy of immunological tests on serum and urine for diagnosis of Taenia solium neurocysticercosis: A systematic review.

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

November 2024

Laboratory of Foodborne Parasitic Zoonoses, Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.

Article Synopsis
  • * A comprehensive review analyzed 169 records, focusing on 53 studies that evaluated the accuracy of various antibody and antigen tests using human serum or urine, revealing challenges in data interpretation due to variability in results.
  • * Notably, a new multi-antigen print immunoassay showed high sensitivity and specificity for detecting both parenchymal and extraparenchymal cysts, while point-of-care tests also showed potential but need additional validation, particularly in resource-limited settings.
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Purpose: This work aimed to develop fenbendazole nanocrystals to evaluate their effects on the energetic metabolism of cysticerci, following an intracranial inoculation in mice.

Methods: Fenbendazole was nanoformulated by the antisolvent method using poloxamers 188 and 407 as stabilizers. The nanosuspensions were lyophilized without cryoprotectants and the nanocrystals were characterized in terms of particle size, zeta potential, and dissolution performance.

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Global burden of zoonotic infectious diseases of poverty, 1990-2021.

Infect Dis Poverty

November 2024

School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.

Background: The zoonotic infectious diseases of poverty (zIDPs) are a group of diseases contributing to global poverty, with significant impacts on a substantial population. This study aims to describe the global, regional, and national burden of zIDPs-schistosomiasis, cystic echinococcosis, cysticercosis, and food-borne trematodiases (FBTs)-to support policy making and resource allocation for their control and elimination.

Methods: Data of zIDPs from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 were retrieved from 1990 to 2021.

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Background: Intraspinal cysticercosis, usually with serious neurological deterioration, is rarely diagnosed because its clinical manifestations are nonspecific, and most physicians might not be familiar with its imaging features.

Case Presentation: A 50-year-old woman presented with a 2-month history of increasing pain in her right buttock, rectal tenesmus and uncontrolled micturition. Intradural extramedullary cystic lesion was found, and the characteristic MRI findings of a living cysticercus and a dying cysticercus were presented simultaneously.

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Cysticercosis raises the alarm for domestic rabbits since it has a significant impact on their health, productivity, and nutritional value. In this study, several white creamy- colored cysts were detected in the mesentery of the stomach and intestine, as well as embedded in the liver of domestic rabbits collected from Qena Governorate, Egypt. Based on both morphological and molecular assessments, revealed cysts could be identified as , the larval stage of .

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Immunologic Profiling of CSF in Subarachnoid Neurocysticercosis Reveals Specific Interleukin-10-Producing Cell Populations During Treatment.

Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm

November 2024

From the Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases (N.L.T., P.G.-G., L.T., E.M., T.E.N., T.B.N., E.M.O.C.), Integrated Data Sciences Section (P.S., J.L.), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; and Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate (L.T.), Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research.

Background And Objectives: Subarachnoid neurocysticercosis (SANCC) is the most severe form of CNS infection and accounts for the majority of neurocysticercosis-associated mortality. Inflammation is important in the treatment of SANCC because overactivity can lead to serious complications, but excessive suppression may be counterproductive toward parasite eradication. A relative abundance of CSF IL-10 to IL-12 has been associated with increased treatment duration for patients with SANCC, suggesting that IL-10 plays an important role in this disease process.

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Porcine cysticercosis (PC) is an important public health problem, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, but limited information is available on the prevalence of infection in pigs entering the food chain. Existing diagnostic methods vary in accuracy and efficiency; whole carcass dissection is the most reliable method but is labour-intensive and destroys the carcass so can only be used in a research setting. Serological tests offer lower specificity, while meat inspection and lingual examination lack sensitivity, hampering accurate estimates and the removal of infected pigs from the food chain.

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NCC is responsible for around 30% of active epilepsy in endemic countries such as India. Knowing socioeconomic factors associated with NCC can help in decreasing the incidence of this disease. We intend to study socioeconomic risk factors in NCC patients and how these factors are different from patients without NCC.

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