Segmentation of atherosclerotic carotid plaque in ultrasound video.

The degree of stenosis of the common carotid artery (CCA) but also the characteristics of the arterial wall including plaque size, composition and elasticity represent important predictors used in the assessment of the risk for future cardiovascular events. This paper proposes and evaluates an integrated system for the segmentation of atherosclerotic carotid plaque in ultrasound video of the CCA based on normalization, speckle reduction filtering (with the hybrid median filter) and parametric active contours. The algorithm is initialized in the first video frame of the cardiac cycle with human assistance and the moving atherosclerotic plaque borders are tracked and segmented in the subsequent frames.

Multiscale amplitude-modulation frequency-modulation (AM-FM) texture analysis of multiple sclerosis in brain MRI images.

This study introduces the use of multiscale amplitude modulation-frequency modulation (AM-FM) texture analysis of multiple sclerosis (MS) using magnetic resonance (MR) images from brain. Clinically, there is interest in identifying potential associations between lesion texture and disease progression, and in relating texture features with relevant clinical indexes, such as the expanded disability status scale (EDSS). This longitudinal study explores the application of 2-D AM-FM analysis of brain white matter MS lesions to quantify and monitor disease load.

Multiscale amplitude-modulation frequency-modulation (AM-FM) texture analysis of ultrasound images of the intima and media layers of the carotid artery.

The intima-media thickness (IMT) of the common carotid artery (CCA) is widely used as an early indicator of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Clinically, there is strong interest in identifying how the composition and texture of the media layer (ML) can be associated with the risk of stroke. In this study, we use 2-D amplitude-modulation frequency-modulation (AM-FM) analysis of the intima-media complex (IMC), the ML, and intima layer (IL) of the CCA to detect texture changes as a function of age and sex.

Manual and automated media and intima thickness measurements of the common carotid artery.

The intima-media thickness (IMT) of the common carotid artery (CCA) is widely used as an early indicator of the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). It was proposed but not thoroughly investigated that the media layer (ML) thickness (MLT), its composition, and its texture may be indicative of cardiovascular risk and for differentiating between patients with high and low risk. In this study, we investigate an automated method for segmenting the ML and the intima layer (IL) and measurement of the MLT and the intima layer thickness (ILT) in ultrasound images of the CCA.

An integrated system for the segmentation of atherosclerotic carotid plaque.

In this paper, we propose and evaluate an integrated system for the segmentation of atherosclerotic plaque in ultrasound imaging of the carotid artery based on normalization, speckle reduction filtering, and four different snakes segmentation methods. These methods are the Williams and Shah, Balloon, Lai and Chin, and the gradient vector flow (GVF) snake. The performance of the four different plaque snakes segmentation methods was tested on 80 longitudinal ultrasound images of the carotid artery using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and the manual delineations of an expert.

Media thickness measurement of the common carotid artery.

The intima-media thickness (IMT) of the common carotid artery (CCA) is widely used as an early indicator of the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). It was proposed but not thoroughly investigated that the media thickness (MT), its composition and texture may be indicative for identifying the risk of stroke and differentiating between patients with high and low risk. In this study we present an automated method for segmentation of the media layer and measurement of its thickness in ultrasound images of the CCA.