Incarceration history, antiretroviral therapy, and stigma: A cross-sectional study of people with HIV who inject drugs in St. Petersburg, Russia.

Background: The HIV epidemic is intertwined with substance use and incarceration in Russia. The relationships between incarceration history, HIV treatment history, and stigma experiences among people with HIV (PWH) who inject drugs in Russia have not been well described.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of a cohort of PWH with opioid use disorder who inject drugs (n=201) recruited at a narcology (substance use treatment) hospital in St.

Hepatitis C Virus in Neonates and Infants.

Hepatitis C virus prevalence has steeply risen among pregnant women in association with the opioid epidemic and the major national infectious diseases and liver society guidelines recommend universal hepatitis C virus testing in pregnancy. All infants born to mothers with hepatitis C virus infection should be evaluated. Many children spontaneously clear hepatitis C virus or remain minimally symptomatic, but some develop significant liver disease if untreated.

Determinants of intentions to quit smoking among adult smokers in Bangladesh: findings from the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Bangladesh wave 2 survey.

Background: With about 22 million adult smokers, Bangladesh needs strong measures that would promote smoking cessation. Using data from Wave 2 of the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Survey, this study examined the factors associated with intention to quit smoking among Bangladeshi smokers.

Methods: Data from Wave 2 of the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Survey in Bangladesh, a face to face survey of adult smokers, were analysed.