Expression profiles of microRNA-mRNA and their potential impact on anthocyanin accumulation in purple petals of Brassica napus.

Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) possesses substantial economic value as an oil, vegetable, and forage crop, while also exhibiting notable ornamental characteristics. Recent advances in flower colour breeding have significantly enhanced the visual appeal of rapeseed, with anthocyanins identified as the primary contributor to the development of red, purple, and pink flowers.

Efficient promoter editing of the SBEIIb gene enables fine-tuning of the resistant starch content in rice.

Rice, a staple in diets, undergoes digestion post-consumption, often triggering a swift surge in blood sugar among diabetics, intensifying their health burden. Notably, resistant starch (RS) emerges as a potent ally in fostering satiety and mitigating metabolic syndrome in diabetes. The SBEIIb gene, a key orchestrator of starch branching enzymes, plays a pivotal role in starch synthesis, and its genetic alteration can dramatically boost RS content in rice.

Genome-wide analysis of the laccase gene family in Arachis hypogaea and functional characterization of AhLAC63 involved in lignin biosynthesis and abiotic stress.

Plant laccases (LACs) play a vital role in lignification and participate in multiple biotic/abiotic stress responses. However, little is known about their role in lignin deposition and stress resistance in cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.).

Transcriptional regulatory network reveals key transcription factors for regulating agronomic traits in soybean.

Background: Transcription factors (TFs) bind regulatory genomic regions to orchestrate spatio-temporal expression of target genes. Global dissection of the cistrome is critical for elucidating transcriptional networks underlying complex agronomic traits in crops.

Results: Here, we generate a comprehensive genome-wide binding map for 148 TFs using DNA affinity purification sequencing in soybean.

Effective xylan integration for remodeling biochar uniformity and porosity to enhance chemical elimination and CO adsorption.

Although plant evolution has offered diverse biomass resources, the production of high-quality biochar from desirable lignocelluloses remains unexplored. In this study, distinct lignocellulose substrates derived from eight representative plant species were employed to prepare biochar samples under three different temperature treatments. Correlation analysis showed that only hemicellulose was a consistently positive factor of lignocellulose substrates to account for the dye-adsorption capacities of diverse biochar samples.

Assessment of genetic structure and trait associations of Watkins wheat landraces under Egyptian field conditions.

Background: Wheat landraces represent a reservoir of genetic diversity that can support wheat improvement through breeding. A core panel of 300 Watkins wheat landraces, as well as 16 non-Watkins landraces and elite wheat cultivars, was grown during the 2020-2021 and 2021-2022 seasons at four Agricultural Research Stations in Egypt, Gemmiza, Nubaria, Sakha, and Sids, to evaluate the core panel for agromorphological and yield-related traits. The genetic population structure within these genotypes were assessed using 35,143 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).

Conversion of α-linolenic acid into n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids: bioavailability and dietary regulation.

N-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFAs) are essential for physiological requirements and disease prevention throughout life but are not adequately consumed worldwide. Dietary supplementation with plant-derived α-linolenic acid (ALA) has the potential to rebalance the fatty acid profile and enhance health benefits but faces challenges such as high β-oxidation consumption, low hepatic conversion efficiency, and high oxidative susceptibility under stress. This review focuses on the metabolic fate and potential regulatory targets of ALA-containing lipids , specifically the pathway from the gastrointestinal tract to the lymph, blood circulation, and liver.

CRISPR/Cas: An Emerging Toolbox for Engineering Virus Resistance in Plants.

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas have been recognized as powerful genome-editing tools in diverse eukaryotic species, including plants, and thus hold great promise for engineering virus resistance in plants. Nevertheless, further attention is required regarding various issues associated with applying new powerful technologies in the field. This mini-review focuses on the recent advances in using CRISPR/Cas9 and CRISPR/Cas13 systems to combat DNA and RNA viruses in plants.

Analysis of Taste Quality Differences Between High and Low Grades of Ninghong Tea: From the Perspective of Sensory, Metabolite, and Taste Activity Values.

In this study, the taste quality difference between high (Ninghong-Jinhao tea, JH, unfolded fresh leaves) and low (Ninghong-Congou tea, CG, unfurled fresh leaves) grades of Ninghong tea (unique black tea) was analyzed from the perspective of sensory omics, non-targeted metabolomics, and chemical dose. JH was characterized by sweetness and mellowness with umami, while CG was characterized by sweetness and thickness. A total of 94 differential metabolites contribute to the quality difference between two grades.

Multi-chromatic and multi-component lateral flow immunoassay for simultaneous detection of CP4 EPSPS, Bt-Cry1Ab, Bt-Cry1Ac, and PAT/bar proteins in genetically modified crops.

A multi-chromatic and multi-component lateral flow immunoassay (MCMC-LFIA) was developed for simultaneous detection of CP4 EPSPS, Bt-Cry1Ab, Bt-Cry1Ac, and PAT/bar proteins in genetically modified (GM) crops. Captured antibodies specific to these exogenous proteins were separately immobilized on a nitrocellulose membrane as test zones. Multi-colored microspheres, used as visible multi-probes, were conjugated with corresponding antibodies and sprayed on the conjugate pad.

Methyl jasmonate enabled maintained the postharvest flavor quality of ginger (Zingiber officinale roscoe) by reducing the loss of terpene volatile compounds.

Ginger, as a globally vital medicinal and food homologous crop, plays an irreplaceable role in human diet and healthcare. However, during the storage of ginger, the decline of physical properties and degradation of volatile flavor quality have emerged as an industrial concern that severely restricts the market value of the product. MeJA plays an essential role in extending fruit shelf life and regulate the synthesis of volatiles in horticultural products, yet its application in ginger remains unreported.

Soybean nodulation shapes the rhizosphere microbiome to increase rapeseed yield.

Introduction: Crop rotation, a crucial agricultural practice that enhances soil health and crop productivity, is widely used in agriculture worldwide. Soybeans play a crucial role in crop rotation owing to their nitrogen-fixing ability, which is facilitated by symbiotic bacteria in their root systems. The soybean-rapeseed rotation is an effective agricultural practice in the Yangtze River Basin of China.

Characterization of differentially regulated carboxypeptidase (metallopeptidase M32) protein in Miltefosine resistant Leishmania donovani parasites.

Introduction: Carboxypeptidase, a member of the metallopeptidase M32 family, catalyses the C-terminal hydrolysis of a variety of peptides and proteins in the presence of metal ions.

Objective: To characterize Leishmania donovani carboxypeptidase (LdCP) in miltefosine (MIL) drug-resistant parasites.

Methods: We performed the MTT assay and cell cycle analysis to confirm the MIL resistance of clinical isolates.

Rice Bran Extraction and Stabilization Methods for Nutrient and Phytochemical Biofortification, Nutraceutical Development, and Dietary Supplementation.

Rice is a global staple food crop for nearly half of the world's population. Rice bran along with the germ are essential components of whole-grain rice and have immense potential for enhancing human nutrition. Rice bran has a unique composition and distinct requirements for processing before it can be consumed by humans when compared with other cereal brans.

Volatile content and genetic variation of citron in Tibet and Yunnan.

Citron (Citrus medica) is a representative aromatic species of the Citrus genus in the Rutaceae family. To determine the volatile profiles and genetic variation of citron, we collected 218 citron accessions within China, including 130 from Yunnan and 88 from Tibet. We identified a total of 80 volatile compounds from their pericarps.

Unraveling the mechanisms of multiple resistance across glyphosate and glufosinate in Eleusine indica.

The herbicides glyphosate and glufosinate are commonly used in citrus and sugarcane orchards in Guangxi Province, China, wherein the C plant Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. is known to be a dominant weed species.

Simultaneous analysis of PAEs in edible oil and dietary exposure assessment in Hubei.

Phthalic acid esters (PAEs), widely used in food processing, pose significant risks to food safety and human health. A rapid and accurate method to simultaneously detect 18 PAEs in edible oil was developed and applied to evaluate daily exposures in Hubei. By using ultrasound-assisted extraction and GC-MS with deuterated isotopes, we improved extraction efficiency and detection accuracy.

Time-resolved fluorescence/visual dual-readout nanobiosensors for the detection of aflatoxin B, benzo(α)pyrene and capsaicin in edible oils using a miniaturized paper analytical device.

Edible oil safety impacts food safety and consumer health. The typical pollutants-aflatoxin B (AFB) and benzo(α)pyrene (BaP), and kitchen waste oil-are significant hazards in edible oil consumption. Herein, we developed a dual-readout lateral flow immunoassay (tdLFIA) for the multi-quantitative detection of AFB, BaP and capsaicin (CAP).