Competition between Granule Bound Starch Synthase and Starch Branching Enzyme in Starch Biosynthesis.

Background: Starch branching enzymes (SBE) and granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS) are two important enzymes for starch biosynthesis. SBE mainly contributes to the formation of side branches, and GBSS mainly contributes for the synthesis of amylose molecules. However, there are still gaps in the understanding of possible interactions between SBE and GBSS.

Efficient genome editing of Brassica campestris based on the CRISPR/Cas9 system.

Conventional methods for gene function study in Brassica campestris have lots of drawbacks, which greatly hinder the identification of important genes' functions and molecular breeding. The clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) system is a versatile tool for genome editing that has been widely utilized in many plant species and has many advantages over conventional methods for gene function study. However, the application of CRISPR/Cas9 system in B.

High Temporal-Resolution Transcriptome Landscape of Early Maize Seed Development.

The early maize () seed undergoes several developmental stages after double fertilization to become fully differentiated within a short period of time, but the genetic control of this highly dynamic and complex developmental process remains largely unknown. Here, we report a high temporal-resolution investigation of transcriptomes using 31 samples collected at an interval of 4 or 6 h within the first six days of seed development. These time-course transcriptomes were clearly separated into four distinct groups corresponding to the stages of double fertilization, coenocyte formation, cellularization, and differentiation.

Mutation of the rice TCM12 gene encoding 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-independent phosphoglycerate mutase affects chlorophyll synthesis, photosynthesis and chloroplast development at seedling stage at low temperatures.

Glycolysis is a central metabolic pathway that provides energy and products of primary metabolites. 2,3-Biphosphoglycerate-independent phosphoglycerate mutase (iPGAM) is a key enzyme that catalyses the reversible interconversion of 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PGA) to 2-phosphoglycerate (2-PGA) in glycolysis. Low temperature is a common abiotic stress in rice production.

Heterologous Expression and Characterization of a Laccase from in and .

Laccases can oxidize a variety of phenolic and non-phenolic substrates including synthetic dyes. In this research, a laccase gene from was chemically synthesized and optimized to heterogeneous expression in and . The properties of recombinant laccase expressed by were investigated.

Combined linkage and association mapping reveal QTL for host plant resistance to common rust (Puccinia sorghi) in tropical maize.

Background: Common rust, caused by Puccinia sorghi, is an important foliar disease of maize that has been associated with up to 50% grain yield loss. Development of resistant maize germplasm is the ideal strategy to combat P. sorghi.

HTT2 promotes plant thermotolerance in Brassica rapa.

Background: Numerous regulatory genes participate in plant thermotolerance. In Arabidopsis, HEAT-INDUCED TAS1 TARGET2 (HTT2) is an important thermotolerance gene that is silenced by ta-siR255, a trans-acting siRNA. ta-siR255 is absent from heading Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp.

A single amino acid mutation of contributes to resistant starch accumulation in rice.

Foods rich in resistant starch can help prevent various diseases, including diabetes, colon cancers, diarrhea, and chronic renal and hepatic diseases. Variations in starch biosynthesis enzymes could contribute to the high content of resistant starch in some cultivars of rice ( L.).

Genome-Wide Association Study and QTL Mapping Reveal Genomic Loci Associated with Fusarium Ear Rot Resistance in Tropical Maize Germplasm.

Fusarium ear rot (FER) incited by Fusarium verticillioides is a major disease of maize that reduces grain quality globally. Host resistance is the most suitable strategy for managing the disease. We report the results of genome-wide association study (GWAS) to detect alleles associated with increased resistance to FER in a set of 818 tropical maize inbred lines evaluated in three environments.

Heterologous expression and characterisation of a laccase from Colletotrichum lagenarium and decolourisation of different synthetic dyes.

Laccases have received considerable attention in recent decades because of their ability to oxidise a large spectrum of phenolic and non-phenolic organic substrates and highly recalcitrant environmental pollutants. In this research, a laccase gene from Colletotrichum lagenarium was chemically synthesised using yeast bias codons and expressed in Pichia pastoris. The molecular mass of the recombinant laccase was estimated to be 64.

Map-based cloning and characterization of BPH29, a B3 domain-containing recessive gene conferring brown planthopper resistance in rice.

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) production, essential for global food security, is threatened by the brown planthopper (BPH). The breeding of host-resistant crops is an economical and environmentally friendly strategy for pest control, but few resistance gene resources have thus far been cloned.

Variation in NRT1.1B contributes to nitrate-use divergence between rice subspecies.

Asian cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.) consists of two main subspecies, indica and japonica. Indica has higher nitrate-absorption activity than japonica, but the molecular mechanisms underlying that activity remain elusive.

A putative gene sbe3-rs for resistant starch mutated from SBE3 for starch branching enzyme in rice (Oryza sativa L.).

Foods high in resistant starch (RS) are beneficial to prevent various diseases including diabetes, colon cancers, diarrhea and chronic renal or hepatic diseases. Elevated RS in rice is important for public health since rice is a staple food for half of the world population. A japonica mutant 'Jiangtangdao 1' (RS = 11.

Isolation and characterization of an AP2/ERF-RAV transcription factor BnaRAV-1-HY15 in Brassica napus L. HuYou15.

Transcriptional regulation is thought to be important for stress tolerance and response of transcription factors. RAV subfamily transcription factor contains an AP2- and B3-DNA binding domain, which belongs to the AP2/ERF family. It encodes transcriptional regulators with a variety of functions involved in the developmental and physiological processes in plants.

Statistical optimization of parametric accelerated failure time model for mapping survival trait loci.

Most existing statistical methods for mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL) are not suitable for analyzing survival traits with a skewed distribution and censoring mechanism. As a result, researchers incorporate parametric and semi-parametric models of survival analysis into the framework of the interval mapping for QTL controlling survival traits. In survival analysis, accelerated failure time (AFT) model is considered as a de facto standard and fundamental model for data analysis.