Host-microbe multi-omics and succinotype profiling have prognostic value for future relapse in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are chronic relapsing inflammatory bowel disorders (IBD), the pathogenesis of which is uncertain but includes genetic susceptibility factors, immune-mediated tissue injury and environmental influences, most of which appear to act via the gut microbiome. We hypothesized that host-microbe alterations could be used to prognostically stratify patients experiencing relapses up to four years after endoscopy. We therefore examined multiple omics data, including published and new datasets, generated from paired inflamed and non-inflamed mucosal biopsies from 142 patients with IBD (54 CD; 88 UC) and from 34 control (non-diseased) biopsies.

Oral Microbiota Associated with Clinical Efficacy of Ustekinumab in Crohn's Disease.

Background: Crohn's Disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal disease. Ustekinumab (UST) has been utilized as a therapeutic option for CD patients. However, approximately 40-60% of patients exhibit an inadequate response to UST.

Interplay between creeping fat and gut microbiota: A brand-new perspective on fecal microbiota transplantation in Crohn's disease.

Inflammatory bowel disease, particularly Crohn's disease (CD), has been linked to modifications in mesenteric adipose tissue (MAT) and the phenomenon known as "creeping fat" (CrF). The presence of CrF is believed to serve as a predictor for early clinical recurrence following surgical intervention in patients with CD. Notably, the incorporation of the mesentery during ileocolic resection for CD has been correlated with a decrease in surgical recurrence, indicating the significant role of MAT in the pathogenesis of CD.

Exploring gut microbiota as a novel therapeutic target in Crohn's disease: Insights and emerging strategies.

Extensive research has investigated the etiology of Crohn's disease (CD), encompassing genetic predisposition, lifestyle factors, and environmental triggers. Recently, the gut microbiome, recognized as the human body's second-largest gene pool, has garnered significant attention for its crucial role in the pathogenesis of CD. This paper investigates the mechanisms underlying CD, focusing on the role of 'creeping fat' in disease progression and exploring emerging therapeutic strategies, including fecal microbiota transplantation, enteral nutrition, and therapeutic diets.

Spontaneous Resolution and Recurrence of Aseptic Splenic Abscesses in a Patient With Newly Diagnosed Crohn's Disease.

Aseptic splenic abscesses are rare in the early phases of Crohn's disease and are typically reported in patients with longstanding illness or uncontrolled symptoms despite medical treatment. We present a case of recurrent aseptic splenic abscesses in a young man newly diagnosed with Crohn's disease, whose illness remained well-controlled. This unique case raises questions regarding the spontaneous resolution of aseptic splenic abscesses without steroid therapy and their recurrence without acute Crohn's disease flare-ups.

Acquired factor V inhibitor in a case of pediatric venous thrombosis.

Background: The development of acquired factor (F)V with inhibitor (AFVwI) is rare, resulting mainly in bleeding complications, although sporadic cases of thrombosis in adults have been reported.

Key Clinical Question: How do you diagnose and manage a pediatric case of acute deep venous thrombosis associated with the concurrent finding of AFVwI?

Clinical Approach: A 13-year-old female with Crohn's Disease and May-Thurner anatomy developed extensive deep venous thrombosis of the left lower extremity, complicated by the finding of AFVwI, discovered during the evaluation of a prolonged prothrombin time and a low FV activity. Anticoagulation was initiated with low-molecular-weight heparin followed by a direct oral anticoagulant, rivaroxaban, without any complications.

Establishment and internal validation of a model to predict the efficacy of Adalimumab in Crohn's disease.

Background: Clinically, the ability to distinguish which Crohn's disease patients can benefit from Adalimumab is limited.

Aims: This study aimed to develop a model for predicting clinical remission probability for Crohn's disease patients with Adalimumab at 12 weeks. The model assists clinicians in identifying which Crohn's disease patients are likely to benefit from Adalimumab treatment before starting therapy, thus optimizing individualized treatment strategies.

Genetically predict the association between 91 human blood cell perturbation phenotypes and IBD: A Mendelian randomization study.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), encompassing Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis, is a group of persistent and recurrent gastrointestinal disorders. Despite the prevalence of these conditions, no studies have been conducted to examine the connection between altered human blood cell phenotypes and the underlying mechanisms of IBD pathogenesis. By utilizing summary statistics from genome-wide association studies, we executed a systematic two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) investigation on 91 genetically determined blood cell perturbation traits in relation to 3 separate IBD phenotypes.

Esophageal Candida Infection and Esophageal Cancer Risk in Patients With Achalasia.

Importance: Patients with achalasia face a higher risk of developing esophageal cancer (EC), but the surveillance strategies for these patients remain controversial due to the long disease duration and the lack of identified risk factors.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of esophageal Candida infection among patients with achalasia and to assess the association of Candida infection with EC risk within this population.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This retrospective cohort study included patients with achalasia diagnosed at or referred for treatment and monitoring to the Erasmus University Medical Center in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, between January 1, 1980, and May 31, 2024.

Atypical Intestinal Behçet's Disease Complicated by Latent Tuberculosis Infection.

Background: When Behçet's disease is complicated with gastrointestinal ulcers, it is referred to as intestinal Behçet's disease (BD). Clinically uncommon, this condition can involve the entire gastrointestinal tract, often presenting diagnostic challenges in differentiation from Crohn's disease.

Methods: In this case, atypical BD was diagnosed through endoscopic examination, whereas latent tuberculosis infection (LBTI) was confirmed via T-SPOT and PPD tests.

Cytokine Dynamics in Action: A Mechanistic Approach to Assess Interleukin 6 Related Therapeutic Protein-Drug-Disease Interactions.

Understanding cytokine-related therapeutic protein-drug interactions (TP-DI) is crucial for effective medication management in conditions characterized by elevated inflammatory responses. Recent FDA and ICH guidelines highlight a systematic, risk-based approach for evaluating these interactions, emphasizing the need for a thorough mechanistic understanding of TP-DIs. This study integrates the physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for TP (specifically interleukin-6, IL-6) with small-molecule drug PBPK models to elucidate cytokine-related TP-DI mechanistically.

Efficacy of Methotrexate and Anti-TNF Combination Therapy in Adults with Refractory Crohn's Disease.

Background: Biological medications have played a significant role in maintenance therapy for Crohn's disease (CD), but some cases become refractory to these agents. Methotrexate (MTX) appears to be a cost-effective and readily available drug for enhancing the effectiveness of maintenance therapy when used in combination with anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapy in such cases. However, its effectiveness is still to be established.

Factors affecting perception and acceptance of colonoscopy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Objective: The noncompliance rate with routine or surveillance colonoscopies is high, and the underlying reasons remain unverified among Asian patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study aimed to examine the perceptions of Asian patients with IBD regarding bowel preparation and colonoscopy and their attitudes toward the recommended intervals for colonoscopies.

Methods: Using data from one medical center between July 2020 and May 2022, we analyzed the perceptions of bowel preparation and colonoscopy and attitudes toward examination intervals among 94 patients with IBD (Crohn's disease, 41; ulcerative colitis, 53).

hsa_circ_0015388 Reduces Macrophage Derived Reactive Oxygen Species in Crohn's Disease.

Background: Crohn's disease (CD) is a refractory inflammatory bowel disease with an unclear etiology. CircularRNA (circRNA) has been highlighted as a novel class of functional noncoding RNAs associated with the pathogenesis of various diseases. However, the functions of circRNA in CD remain unclear.

Physical activity pattern and its influencing factors among patients with inflammatory bowel disease in East China.

Objective: To investigate the current level of physical activity (PA) and its influencing factors among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in East China.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Questionnaire survey recruiting from six tertiary referral hospitals in East China between October and December 2023.

Gut bacteria Prevotellaceae related lithocholic acid metabolism promotes colonic inflammation.

Background: The conversion of primary bile acids to secondary bile acids by the gut microbiota has been implicated in colonic inflammation. This study investigated the role of gut microbiota related bile acid metabolism in colonic inflammation in both patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and a murine model of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis.

Methods: Bile acids in fecal samples from patients with IBD and DSS-induced colitis mice, with and without antibiotic treatment, were analyzed using ultraperformance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS).

MAPK signaling mediated intestinal inflammation induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress and NOD2.

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is crucially involved in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but the mechanisms remain incompletely understood. This study aimed to elucidate how ER stress promotes inflammation in IBD. ER stress marker Grp78 and NOD2 in colon tissues of Crohn's disease (CD) patients and IBD model mice were detected by immunohistochemical analysis.

Patency Capsule and Cross-Sectional Imaging for Predicting Capsule Endoscopy Retention: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Aims: Small bowel capsule endoscopy, which has been widely used to evaluate small bowel disease, has a risk of capsule retention (CR). The present systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the accuracy of patency capsule (PC) and cross-sectional imaging (CSI) for predicting CR.

Methods: Databases, including MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and the Cochrane library, were searched for articles through August 15, 2023, that investigated the diagnostic accuracy of PC or CSI for predicting CR.

[Crohn's disease complicated with squamous cell carcinoma originating from an enterocutaneous fistula:a case report].

This case report describes Crohn's disease complicated by squamous cell carcinoma in an enterocutaneous fistula. A 48-year-old male patient was diagnosed with Crohn's disease 24 years ago and has undergone five surgical operations. An enterocutaneous fistula originated from the midline abdominal wound 11 years after the onset.

Injectable DAT-ALG Hydrogel Mitigates Senescence of Loaded DPMSCs and Boosts Healing of Perianal Fistulas in Crohn's Disease.

Perianal fistulas (PAFs) are a severe complication of Crohn's disease that significantly impact patient prognosis and quality of life. While stem-cell-based strategies have been widely applied for PAF treatment, their efficacy remains limited. Our study introduces an injectable, temperature-controlled decellularized adipose tissue-alginate hydrogel loaded with dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells (DPMSCs) for in vivo fistula treatment.

Childhood-onset inflammatory bowel disease and chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis: A Swedish nationwide cohort study 2002-2022.

Background And Aims: Nationwide, population-based studies of chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) in patients with childhood-onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are lacking.

Methods: We used nationwide registers to identify all children in Sweden diagnosed with IBD during 2002-2022 and the occurrence of CNO in this IBD cohort and general population non-IBD comparators. To estimate the temporal associations between IBD and CNO we used Cox regression.

Improvement in serum eosinophilia is observed in clinical responders to ustekinumab but not adalimumab in inflammatory bowel disease.

Introduction: In inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), the number of eosinophils increases in the lamina propria of the intestinal tract, but their specific patho-mechanistic role remains unclear. Elevated blood eosinophil counts in active IBD suggest their potential as biomarkers for predicting response to biological therapies. This study evaluates blood eosinophil count trends and their predictive value for clinical response and endoscopic improvement in patients with IBD receiving ustekinumab or adalimumab induction therapy.

Risankizumab efficacy and safety based on prior inadequate response or intolerance to advanced therapy: post hoc analysis of the INSPIRE and COMMAND phase 3 studies.

Background And Aims: Treating ulcerative colitis (UC) in patients with prior advanced therapy (AT) exposure may be challenging. We report the efficacy and safety of risankizumab, a monoclonal interleukin 23p19 antibody, in patients with UC and prior inadequate response or intolerance to AT (AT-IR).

Methods: In the 12-week phase 3 INSPIRE induction study, patients were randomized to intravenous risankizumab 1200 mg or placebo.