Cumulative Social Disadvantage and Medicinal Cannabis Use Among Younger Adults in Rural Communities: A Mixed Methods Approach.

This mixed-methods study investigated the role of medicinal cannabis use among younger adults who live in rural communities and experience high levels of cumulative social disadvantage (CSD). Results are based on cross-sectional surveys and online interviews with 153 younger adults (18-35-years old) in rural California. We assessed participants' levels of CSD (high, medium, and low) and examined associations with perceived general physical and mental health and with medicinal use of cannabis (MUC).

Interpreting Variants of Uncertain Significance in PCD: Abnormal Splicing Caused by a Missense Variant of DNAAF3.

Background: Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by dysfunction of motile cilia. While approximately 50 genes have been identified, around 25% of PCD patients remain genetically unexplained; elucidating the pathogenicity of specific variants remains a challenge.

Methods: Whole exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing were conducted to identify potential pathogenic variants of PCD.

FMT reduces systemic inflammatory response in severe acute pancreatitis by increasing the abundance of intestinal and fecal bacteria.

Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is one of the leading causes of hospital admissions for gastrointestinal diseases, with a rising incidence worldwide. Intestinal microbiota dysbiosis caused by SAP exacerbates systemic inflammatory response syndrome and organ dysfunction. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has emerged as a promising therapeutic option for gastrointestinal diseases.

Characteristics and outcomes of patients with repeat rapid response team activations in a tertiary centre in Singapore.

Introduction: Rapid response teams (RRTs) are prevalent in healthcare institutions worldwide. Repeated activations are associated with increased morbidity and higher resource utilisation, and represent a heterogeneous population that may benefit from early identification. To date, there are no published data on repeat RRT activations in Singapore.

A medical trailblazer in the Ottoman Empire: The legacy of Dr Caroline Frances Hamilton (1861-1944).

This article explores the life and work of Dr Caroline F. Hamilton, one of the pioneering female physicians sent from the USA to the Ottoman Empire in the late 19th century. Over a career spanning three decades, Hamilton provided critical medical care, especially to women, at the Azariah Smith Memorial Hospital in Aintab, overcoming legal, cultural, and political obstacles to become one of the first women licensed to practise medicine in the region.

Digital health interventions in adult intensive care and recovery after critical illness to promote survivorship care.

Digital health refers to the field of using and developing technology to improve health outcomes. Digital health and digital health interventions (DHIs) within the area of intensive care and critical illness survivorship are rapidly evolving. Digital health interventions refer to technologies in clinical interventional format.

Nigerian medicinal plants with potential anticancer activity-a review.

Despite the fact that life expectancies are increasing and the burden of infectious diseases is decreasing, global cancer incidence rates are on the rise. Cancer outcome metrics are dismal for low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), including sub-Saharan Africa, where adequate resources and infrastructure for cancer care and control are lacking. Nigeria, the most populous country in Africa, exemplifies the miserable situation.

The promises and perils of circulating tumor DNA for monitoring immunotherapy response in non-small cell lung cancer.

There has been a rapid expansion of immunotherapy options for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) over the past two decades, particularly with the advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Despite the emerging role of immunotherapy in adjuvant and neoadjuvant settings though, relatively few patients will respond to immunotherapy which can be problematic due to expense and toxicity; thus, the development of biomarkers capable of predicting immunotherapeutic response is imperative. Due to the promise of a noninvasive, personalized approach capable of providing comprehensive, real-time monitoring of tumor heterogeneity and evolution, there has been wide interest in the concept of using circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) to predict treatment response.

The comparison of the efficacy of intramuscular tetracosactide and subacromial triamcinolone injection in rotator cuff tendinitis: a randomized trial.

Objectives: Rotator cuff tendinitis (RCT) is a tendon inflammation often following subacromial impingement syndrome. One of the non-surgical management modalities for RCT is subacromial injection of corticosteroids. Some studies have claimed a correlation between ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic Hormone) deficiency and rotator cuff lesions; hence, intramuscular ACTH analogue injection has been recommended as an option.

Comparison of Band Percentage vs Immature Granulocyte Percentage in the Setting of Possible Infection Principle Investigators.

Sepsis is a major cause of mortality worldwide. Early identification and treatment are critical to improve survival. Band count has been used as part of SIRS criteria for the early identification of potentially septic patients.

Traumatic Posterior Sternoclavicular Joint Dislocation With a Five-Day Delayed Presentation: A Case Report.

Posterior sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) dislocation is a rare but potentially life-threatening injury due to its proximity to critical mediastinal structures. Early diagnosis and prompt management are essential to prevent severe complications such as vascular or respiratory compromise. We report a case of a 23-year-old male who presented to our emergency department five days after a high-energy motor vehicle accident with isolated, closed posterior dislocation of the SCJ.

Extension of an ICU-based noninvasive model to predict latent shock in the emergency department: an exploratory study.

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) has been widely adopted for the prediction of latent shock occurrence in critically ill patients in intensive care units (ICUs). However, the usefulness of an ICU-based model to predict latent shock risk in an emergency department (ED) setting remains unclear. This study aimed to develop an AI model to predict latent shock risk in patients admitted to EDs.

Nasal Rehabilitation in a Patient After Basal Cell Carcinoma and Radiotherapy: A Case Report.

Nasal rehabilitation following basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and radiotherapy presents significant challenges due to the intricate balance between aesthetic and functional restoration. This case report discusses the rehabilitation of a 73-year-old male who underwent surgical excision and radiotherapy for BCC located on the left ala of the nose. Post-treatment, the patient experienced dissatisfaction with his facial appearance, negatively impacting his quality of life.

Causality of genetically determined glucosamine supplementation on cognition and sarcopenia: a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Evidence indicates a negative link between glucosamine and age-related cognitive decline and sarcopenia. However, the causal relationship remains uncertain. This study aims to verify whether glucosamine is causally associated with cognitive function and sarcopenia.

Artificial intelligence in respiratory care.

The evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionised numerous aspects of our daily lives, with profound implications across various sectors, including healthcare. Although the concept of AI in healthcare was introduced in the early 1970s, the integration of this technology in healthcare is still in the evolution phase. Despite barriers, the current decade is witnessing an increased utility of AI into diverse specialities of the medical field to enhance precision medicine, predict diagnosis, therapeutic results, and prognosis; this includes respiratory medicine, critical care, and in their allied specialties.

Lung cancer in Asia: the impact of climate change.

The escalating global threat of climate change is becoming more evident. The climate crisis intersects with another major challenge: lung cancer. With Asia already bearing half the global cancer burden, the impact of climate-related events on health and on lung cancer care specifically are profound.

Multi-modal prediction of extracorporeal support-a resource intensive therapy, utilizing a large national database.

Objective: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is among the most resource-intensive therapies in critical care. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the lack of ECMO resource allocation tools. We aimed to develop a continuous ECMO risk prediction model to enhance patient triage and resource allocation.

Diagnostic challenges of long COVID in children: a survey of pediatric health care providers' preferences and practices.

Introduction: Given the challenges in diagnosing children with long COVID, we sought to explore diagnostic practices and preferences among clinicians.

Methods: A ten-question survey assessed pediatric providers' clinical decision making for identifying and evaluating long COVID in children. Of the 120 survey respondents, 84 (70%) were physicians, 31 (26%) nurse practitioners, and 5 (4%) physician assistants.

A detailed kinetic model of Eastern equine encephalitis virus replication in a susceptible host cell.

Unlabelled: Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) is an arthropod-borne, positive-sense RNA alphavirus posing a substantial threat to public health. Unlike similar viruses such as SARS-CoV-2, EEEV replicates efficiently in neurons, producing progeny viral particles as soon as 3-4 hours post-infection. EEEV infection, which can cause severe encephalitis with a human mortality rate surpassing 30%, has no licensed, targeted therapies, leaving patients to rely on supportive care.

Association between weekday sleep, weekday-weekend sleep duration gap, and hypertension in American adolescents: a nationwide cross-sectional study.

Background: The increasing prevalence of primary hypertension among children and adolescents is a global health concern, with inadequate sleep duration identified as a significant risk factor. This study investigates the impact of weekday-weekend sleep duration gap (WWSDG) on hypertension among American adolescents.

Methods: Using data from the NHANES 2017-2020 cohort, we analyzed sleep patterns and hypertension prevalence among 430 adolescents.

Identification and experimental validation of diagnostic and prognostic genes CX3CR1, PID1 and PTGDS in sepsis and ARDS using bulk and single-cell transcriptomic analysis and machine learning.

Background: Sepsis is an uncontrolled reaction to infection that causes severe organ dysfunction and is a primary cause of ARDS. Patients suffering both sepsis and ARDS have a poor prognosis and high mortality. However, the mechanisms behind their simultaneous occurrence are unclear.

The role of gene polymorphisms in lung adenocarcinoma susceptibility and lipid profile.

Background: APOE gene polym orphisms have been linked to Alzheimer's disease and coronary heart diseases. However, their relationship with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains uncertain.

Methods: This study analyzed a cohort of 600 individuals comprising 200 LUAD patients in the lung cancer group and 400 healthy individuals as controls.

Artificial intelligence in lung cancer: current applications, future perspectives, and challenges.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly impacted various fields, including oncology. This comprehensive review examines the current applications and future prospects of AI in lung cancer research and treatment. We critically analyze the latest AI technologies and their applications across multiple domains, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, immunomics, microbiomics, radiomics, and pathomics in lung cancer research.

Penpulimab and Anlotinib in PDL1 high-expression pulmonary giant cell carcinoma with cerebral metastases: case report and review.

Pulmonary giant cell carcinoma (PGCC) is a rare subtype of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) characterized by complex pathology, high rates of misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis, an aggressive clinical course, rapid progression, and poor prognosis. This case report describes a 67-year-old Chinese male with a left upper lobe lung mass, diagnosed CT-guided lung biopsy as PGCC with symptomatic multiple cerebral metastases. The tumor showed strong PD-L1 positivity, and genetic testing revealed a TP53 exon 4 c.