Exploring the impact of surgeon-reported gender on palliative care utilization in geriatric trauma patients.

Introduction: Geriatric trauma research increasingly supports the use of Palliative Care (PC). We surveyed trauma surgeon for perspectives on PC usage. Significant gender differences were identified, necessitating post-hoc investigation.

SARS-CoV-2 Prevalence in a Delivering Refugee Population: Refugee Status, Payor Type, Race, and Vaccination Status.

Underserved communities were disproportionately affected during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Limited data exist on the impact of COVID-19 among refugee populations because refugee status is not often classified in electronic medical record (EMR) systems, unlike race or primary language. The study aim was to evaluate the PCR-based prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in a delivering population over the first 2 years of the pandemic by refugee status, ethnicity, insurance, and vaccination status.

Unleashing surgical skills: Ultra-high fidelity trauma thoracotomy training on knowledge donor platform.

Background: Resuscitative thoracotomies are a time-sensitive emergency surgical procedure with an immediate risk of mortality. We hypothesize that a high-fidelity whole-body donor simulation model, referred to as a Knowledge Donor (KD), with mechanical lung ventilation and expired human blood perfusion could increase learner confidence in performing this critical procedure.

Methods: General surgery residents and faculty were invited to participate in KD training.

Intermediate-sized follicular thyroid cancer surgical trends before and after the 2015 American thyroid association guideline changes.

In 2015, the ATA updated the guidelines to advocate for a lobectomy for tumors <1.0 ​cm and total thyroidectomy for tumors >4.0 ​cm.

Marijuana may lead to increased platelet activity in trauma patients.

Introduction: Delta-9-tetraydrocannabinol (THC) usage is associated with venous thromboembolic events (VTE) in trauma patients. We hypothesized that THC ​+ ​trauma patients would have less platelet inhibition than THC - patients using thromboelastography with platelet mapping (TEG-PM).

Methods: Results from initial TEG- PM assays and patient's UDS were reviewed between 2019 and 2023.

Search engine optimization and its association with readability and accessibility of diabetic retinopathy websites.

Purpose: This study investigated whether websites regarding diabetic retinopathy are readable for patients, and adequately designed to be found by search engines.

Methods: The term "diabetic retinopathy" was queried in the Google search engine. Patient-oriented websites from the first 10 pages were categorized by search result page number and website organization type.

Prevalence of and factors associated with burnout in pediatric urology fellows.

Introduction: The 2016 AUA census found 39% of practicing urologists experienced burnout. Burnout is a syndrome of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and decreased feelings of personal accomplishment due to workplace stress. Despite the demands of training, little is known about the prevalence of burnout in pediatric urology fellows.

The Time Is Now: Leveraging the Affective Domain in PT Education and Clinical Practice.

Background And Purpose: The traditional domains of learning are cognitive, psychomotor, and affective. These parallel the habits of head, hand, and heart as the foundations for knowing, doing, and being in health professions education. Physical therapy education is deeply rooted in a cognitive (head) and psychomotor (hand) taxonomy despite the mission, vision, and values of the profession that embody the knowledge, skills, and attitudes (KSAs) requiring competence in the affective (heart) domain.

Bioenergetic signatures of neurodevelopmental regression.

Studies have linked autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to physiological abnormalities including mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrial dysfunction may be linked to a subset of children with ASD who have neurodevelopmental regression (NDR). We have developed a cell model of ASD which demonstrates a unique mitochondrial profile with mitochondrial respiration higher than normal and sensitive to physiological stress.

Evolving impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on lung transplant recipients: A single-center experience.

Background: Lung transplant recipients (LTRs) are at increased risk of morbidity and mortality from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); however, the disease course has changed as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants have mutated. We compared COVID-19-related clinical outcomes in LTRs at different stages of the pandemic. We also identified risk factors for developing severe COVID-19 independent of the dominant SARS-CoV-2 variant.

Pulmonary and esophageal function in lung transplantation: Fundamental principles and clinical application.

The lungs and esophagus have a close anatomical and physiological relationship. Over the years, reflux-induced pulmonary injury has gained wider recognition, but the full effects of pulmonary disease on esophageal function are still unknown. Intrathoracic pressure dynamics potentially affect esophageal function, especially in patients with end-stage lung disease, both obstructive and restrictive.

Surgical Repair of Large Hiatal Hernias: Insight from a High-Volume Center.

Background: Laparoscopic-assisted hiatal hernia (HH) repair is safe and effective; however, it is unclear whether hernia size affects perioperative outcomes and whether a watch-and-wait strategy is appropriate for patients with asymptomatic large HHs. We aimed to investigate these issues.

Methods: After IRB approval, we queried our prospectively maintained database for patients who underwent primary laparoscopic HH repair at our center between August 2016 and December 2019.

Pentobarbital coma for management of intracranial hypertension following traumatic brain injury: Lack of early response to treatment portends poor outcomes.

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in the death of over 50,000 and the permanent disability of 80,000 individuals annually in the United States. Much of the permanent disability is the result of secondary brain injury from intracranial hypertension (ICH). Pentobarbital coma is often instituted following the failure of osmotic interventions and sedation to control intracranial pressure (ICP).

Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection may not alter the clinical course of COVID-19 in lung transplant recipients: A single-center experience.

Background: In the general population, prior infection with SARS-CoV-2 reduces the risk of severe COVID-19; however, studies in lung transplant recipients (LTRs) are lacking. We sought to describe the clinical course of COVID-19 recurrence and compare outcomes between the first and second episodes of COVID-19 in LTRs.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective, single-center cohort study of LTRs with COVID-19 between January 1, 2022, and September 30, 2022, during the Omicron wave.

From bedside to bedside: how iterative clinical research influenced the diagnosis and management of pneumonia at the Elvis Presley Trauma Center.

Ventilator-associated pneumonia is a well-acknowledged complication after hospitalization for injury or surgical emergency. The contribution to the literature on this topic by Dr Timothy Fabian and the Memphis group at the Elvis Presley Trauma Center resulted in the contemporary recognition that the diagnosis and management of pneumonia is an essential component of surgical critical care. During three decades, the Memphis group, under Dr Fabian's leadership, performed numerous clinical studies that led to the publication of over 40 articles concerning the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of pneumonia after injury.

Learning How to Learn: An Innovative Medical School Orientation Activity.

Problem: In 2018, Creighton University School of Medicine initiated a multiyear strategy to redesign the pedagogic approach of its educational program, transitioning from large-group, lecture-based experiences to small-group, active learning experiences using case-based learning (CBL) as required prework for team-based learning (TBL). In July 2019, the authors introduced their first-year medical students to the pedagogic and empiric underpinnings of the new curriculum they would experience. Initially, and ironically, this introduction was presented as a 30-minute didactic lecture, and students' ability to assimilate this information in any meaningful way was challenged.

Loss of IGFBP2 mediates alveolar type 2 cell senescence and promotes lung fibrosis.

Accumulation of senescent cells contributes to age-related diseases including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) regulate many biological processes; however, the functional contributions of IGFBP2 in lung fibrosis remain largely unclear. Here, we report that intranasal delivery of recombinant IGFBP2 protects aged mice from weight loss and demonstrated antifibrotic effects after bleomycin lung injury.