Not From Around Here: Evaluation of In-Person Interviews in an Urban General Surgery Residency Program.

Objective: This study used a program evaluation approach to investigate the perceptions of utilizing in-person applicant interviews for a general surgery residency program.

Design: The study utilized de-identified data routinely collected during the residency program applicant interviews in the General Surgery Residency Program during the fall of 2023. Applicant and faculty/resident exit interview questionnaires were developed to evaluate perceptions of in-person interviewing; the questions were informed by domains for considering the appropriateness and feasibility of continuing in-person interviews as identified by the institution's Graduate Medical Education Committee.

Impact of COVID-19 on emergency medical services utilization and severity in the U.S. Upper Midwest.

The COVID-19 pandemic has claimed over one million lives in the United States and has drastically changed how patients interact with the healthcare system. Emergency medical services (EMS) are essential for emergency response, disaster preparedness, and responding to everyday emergencies. We therefore examined differences in EMS utilization and call severity in 2020 compared to trends from 2015-2019 in a large, multi-state advanced life support EMS agency serving the U.

A Case Report on Radiation-Induced Cerebral Vasculopathy in a Long-Term Survivor of Childhood Medulloblastoma.

This case report discusses a patient diagnosed with radiation-induced cerebral vasculopathy who presented after cerebral irradiation of metastatic medulloblastoma to raise awareness of radiation-induced cerebral vasculopathy. Because radiation therapy has revolutionized treatment for children with brain cancers, radiation-induced vasculopathy is becoming ever more prominent, and its recognition is crucial to implementing early treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes. Currently, medical management is poorly defined, largely unexamined, and poorly studied.

Assessing the Effect of Infant Peanut Exposure Guidelines on Peanut Aspiration Using Google Trends Search Analysis.

Background The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) changed guidelines in 2017 to recommend introducing infants to peanuts as early as four months. Peanuts are also one of the most commonly aspirated food-related foreign bodies. Google Trends search pattern analysis has been validated in epidemiologic research as being reflective of healthcare events.

Impact of a Structured Roadmap, Individual Accountability and Support, and Outcome Measurement on the Culture of Scholarship in a Residency Program.

Background: Despite scholarly activity being an accreditation requirement for residency programs by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) since 2006, many family medicine programs have struggled to meet this requirement. A myriad of approaches and curricula have been proposed to enhance the scholarly output of residency programs.

Objectives: To determine the impact of a multimodal curricular intervention consisting of clear expectations, structured roadmap, availability of resources, and standardized accountability on the scholarly activity of residents.

Renal Manifestations of Chronic Hepatitis C: A Review.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has emerged as a major global health concern and, if left untreated, can lead to significant liver damage, including cirrhosis, decompensated liver disease, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Approximately 40% of patients with HCV infection experience extrahepatic manifestations, including renal involvement. HCV-related renal disease is of significant importance among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), leading to higher morbidity and mortality.

Blood Bonds: Transforming Blood Donation Through Innovation, Inclusion, and Engagement.

The journey of receiving blood as a patient with transfusion-dependent beta thalassemia has profoundly shaped my understanding of the life-saving power of blood donation. This personal experience underscores the critical importance of blood donors, not just for individual recipients but for the broader community, enhancing public health, productivity, and well-being. There are several challenges to securing a blood donor pool in current health care climate.

Hypernetwork modeling and topology of high-order interactions for complex systems.

Interactions among the underlying agents of a complex system are not only limited to dyads but can also occur in larger groups. Currently, no generic model has been developed to capture high-order interactions (HOI), which, along with pairwise interactions, portray a detailed landscape of complex systems. Here, we integrate evolutionary game theory and behavioral ecology into a unified statistical mechanics framework, allowing all agents (modeled as nodes) and their bidirectional, signed, and weighted interactions at various orders (modeled as links or hyperlinks) to be coded into hypernetworks.

AmpC induction by imipenem in occurs in the absence of OprD and impacts imipenem/relebactam susceptibility.

In the United States, carbapenem resistance in is linked to the regulation of chromosomal resistance determinants, AmpC and OprD. The β-lactamase AmpC requires overexpression and genetic modifications to be capable of inhibiting imipenem activity. The outer membrane porin OprD can be downregulated or undergo genetic modifications that strongly correlate with imipenem non-susceptibility.

Charting the Ethical Frontier in Newborn Screening Research: Insights from the NBSTRN ELSI Researcher Needs Survey.

From 2008 to 2024, the Newborn Screening Translational Research Network (NBSTRN), part of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Hunter Kelly Newborn Screening Program, served as a robust infrastructure to facilitate groundbreaking research in newborn screening (NBS), public health, rare disease, and genomics. Over its sixteen years, NBSTRN developed into a significant international network, supporting innovative research on novel technologies to screen, diagnose, treat, manage, and understand the natural history of more than 280 rare diseases. The NBSTRN tools and resources were used by a variety of stakeholders including researchers, clinicians, state NBS programs, parents, families, and policy makers.

Adoption of telemedicine for obesity treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic achieved comparable outcomes to in-person visits.

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, weight loss programs rapidly transitioned to a virtual model, replacing in-person clinic visits. We sought to compare the observed weight loss and adherence to treatment between patients referred for intensive behavioral therapy (IBT) who were treated via telemedicine and those treated in person.

Methods: After IRB approval, we conducted a retrospective observational study of patients referred for clinical bariatric IBT between January 2019 and June 2021 who were followed in person or via telemedicine.

Demographics of Adults With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Who Undergo Nasal Surgery.

Objective: To assess the demographic characteristics between adult obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients who did and did not undergo nasal surgery (NS).

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Kaiser Permanente Northern California clinical database.

A Comparison of In-Person and Telemedicine Triage in Otolaryngology.

Introduction: The integration of virtual visits has been met with skepticism by many surgical specialties, including otolaryngology, due to the lack of a complete physical exam. Analysis of differences in the workup between patients triaged virtually or in-person is warranted.

Methods: A chart review was performed for a cohort of adults undergoing septoplasty (January 2021-May 2022).

Impact of Demographics on Early-Stage vs. Stage IV Diagnosis in Amelanotic Melanoma: An Analysis of the National Cancer Database.

Introduction Amelanotic melanoma (AM) is a rare form of melanoma that lacks pigment. Although curable when diagnosed early, it is often missed or mistaken for other benign conditions. There has not been a study investigating the impact of demographic features on the diagnosis of stage 0-I (early-stage) versus stage IV AM.

Pneumonia in Patients Treated for Solid Organ Malignancy.

is a fungal pathogen that can present as an opportunistic cause of pneumonia and can occur in individuals with various causes of immunosuppression, including malignancy and treatments for malignancy that confer increased risk. Although the guidelines for use of prophylaxis in certain populations are clear, the rapid development of novel cancer therapies elicits the need to accurately assess the degree of immunosuppression conferred by these regimens and to determine if patients receiving these therapies warrant prophylaxis. We present 2 cases of pneumonia in patients with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast treated with a dose-dense chemotherapy regimen consisting of doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, and paclitaxel.