Thyroid hormone signaling is essential for the maturation and survival of cochlear root cells in mice.

Thyroid hormone and its receptors (TRs) are crucial for late-stage cochlear development and the maintenance of endocochlear potential (EP), yet the mechanisms underlying EP reduction in their absence remain unclear. Cochlear outer sulcus root cells undergo significant morphological changes during late-stage development and are thought to play a role in maintaining endolymph homeostasis and EP. Nevertheless, it remains unknown whether thyroid hormone and TRs are essential for root cell differentiation and function.

Comparison of Adverse Reactions With Solvent/Detergent Treated Plasma Versus Untreated Plasma Use in Therapeutic Plasma Exchange in Pediatric Patients.

Solvent/detergent treated plasma (SD plasma) use in therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) in pediatric patients is not commonly reported. This study aimed to determine transfusion reaction rates using SD plasma and to compare transfusion reaction rates and adverse events when using SD plasma versus untreated plasma in pediatric TPE. A retrospective review was performed on TPE procedures performed at a single institution over a 3-year period.

Current state of entry-level physical therapy qualitative research methods curricula in the United States: A faculty survey.

Introduction: Qualitative research methods in healthcare delve into the nuanced complexities of health professions work, seeking to comprehend the contextual and interpretive dimensions of patient, caregiver, and provider perspectives and experiences. Qualitative research is an essential contribution to evidence-based and evidence-informed practice, and therefore foundational for practice across all health professions.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the breadth and depth of curricular content, delivery models, instructional strategies, and resources related to qualitative research methods in Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) programs in the United States.

Anterior Subluxation of a Metal-on-Metal Total Hip Arthroplasty Resulting in Erosion and Metal Debris.

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a commonly performed and highly successful surgical procedure. Metal-on-metal (MoM) THA implants were introduced two decades ago and subsequently recalled due to high early revision rates. Acetabular cup erosion and fragmentation secondary to chronic edge loading causing delayed instability are rare but devastating complications of MoM THA warranting expeditious revision surgery.

Aseptic Abscess Syndrome: A Case Report of a Rare Extraintestinal Manifestation of Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Introduction: Aseptic hepatic abscesses are a highly uncommon phenomenon and even more rare in the spectrum of extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease. Part of the spectrum of "neutrophilic disease," both the pathogenesis and the optimal management of these aseptic abscesses remain unclear. In the context of inflammatory bowel disease, sometimes these abscesses appear despite normal endoscopic findings.

Female Urologists' Experiences with Lactation in the Workplace.

Objective: To investigate institutional support and lactation policies for urologists and to explore surgeon satisfaction with available lactation resources.

Methods: An anonymous, voluntary survey was administered to female physicians through private female physician social media groups and the Society of Women in Urology in 2023 and 2024. The survey assessed demographic information, institutional lactation policy information, and personal perception of lactation resources and support.

High-definition transcranial direct-current stimulation of left primary motor cortices modulates beta and gamma oscillations serving motor control.

Recent studies have linked non-invasive transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) with altered neural processing near the site of stimulation and across a distributed network of brain regions, with some evidence for a possible therapeutic role. However, negative results also exist and the potential impacts on motor-related neural oscillations have rarely been studied. Herein, we applied high-definition tDCS to the left primary motor cortex of 62 healthy adults in three sessions (anodal, cathodal and sham).

"Cracking" the Code on Nitrous Oxide Safety in the Dental Setting.

Nitrous oxide-oxygen sedation is typically regarded as the safest in-office inhalational sedation method dentists can employ when treating patients with dental fear and/or anxiety. Despite a considerable inherent margin of safety with nitrous oxide-oxygen administration as a means to provide analgesia and anxiolysis in the dental office, concerns among staff workers about potential harm from environmental exposure over time have led to efforts to mitigate occupational exposure. Concerns over nitrous oxide's high global warming potential have also emerged.

Psychiatric Manifestations of Delta-8-Tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ8-THC) Use Among Patients With Preexisting Psychiatric Disorders: A Case Series.

Delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ8-THC) products, made from hemp-derived cannabidiol, have become more widely available since changes in legislation allowed hemp to be excluded from controlled substances. These products are often perceived as a safe, legal, and accessible alternative to marijuana or delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol. However, scientific research on their effects remains limited.

Exploring Cognitive Stimulation as a Therapy for the Prevention of Delirium in a Hospital Setting: A Narrative Review.

Delirium is a highly prevalent and costly neuropsychiatric condition that affects up to 87% of critically ill hospitalized patients. It impacts various cognitive domains, including attention, memory, perception, and motor functions, with symptoms such as behavioral changes, hallucinations, slurred speech, visual impairments, and fatigue. Non-pharmacological interventions have been shown to reduce the incidence and duration of delirium, with strategies like reality orientation, cognitive stimulation, family support, and physical support.

Students', Teachers', and Parents' Knowledge About and Perceptions of Learning Strategies.

Previous research has demonstrated that students have imperfect knowledge about learning strategies. Moreover, very little is known about teachers' and parents' knowledge about learning strategies, which is important as these groups can help to model and teach students effective strategies. The goal of the present research was to add to this literature by measuring students', teachers', and parents' beliefs about several learning strategies that have received empirical scrutiny, using methodology that builds upon prior work.

A randomized controlled trial of the outcomes of Arista™ hemostatic agent in robotic ventral hernia repair.

Ventral hernia repairs (VHR) are commonly performed surgical procedures in the United States, with over 300,000 cases treated annually. Robotic surgery has gained traction for its safety and efficacy in VHR, particularly with techniques such as myofascial release. However, the extensive dissection involved in these procedures may lead to postoperative complications like seromas and hematomas.

assays for clinical isolates of sequence type 131 do not recapitulate infectivity using a murine model of urinary tract infection.

Unlabelled: Sequence type 131 isolates are a major cause of cystitis and pyelonephritis. Many studies rely solely on assays to screen for bacterial virulence factors associated with the pathogenicity of clinical isolates of . Few studies have compared findings with infectivity of clinical isolates.

Promoting Self-Efficacy of Nursing Students in Academic Integrity Through a Digital Serious Game: A Pre/Post-Test Study.

Background: Academic integrity is an important component of nursing education, bridging academic ethics with professional practice. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a co-designed Academic Integrity digital serious game in improving nursing students' self-efficacy related to academic integrity, academic offenses, professionalism, and artificial intelligence use.

Methods: A pre-test/post-test design was employed, using a bespoke questionnaire to assess 303 first-year nursing students' self-efficacy before and after playing the game.

Feasibility of Ultrasound-Guided Lumbar Transforaminal Epidural Steroid Injections for Management of Lumbar Radicular Back Pain.

Background: Whereas traditional image guidance for placement of transforaminal epidural steroid injections (TFESI) has been fluoroscopy, it has disadvantages including inability to identify soft tissue, radiation exposure, and contrast administration need. Several studies found that ultrasonography is reliable in localizing lumbar nerve root. Few have investigated the feasibility of performing ultrasound guided TFESI in the lumbar spine.

Patients With Mood Disorders Have Higher Rates of Health Care Utilization, Medical Complications, Opioid Prescriptions, and Subsequent Knee Surgery After Arthroscopic Partial Meniscectomy.

Purpose: To compare rates of postoperative complications, health care utilization, opioid prescribing patterns, and secondary knee surgery in patients with versus without a pre-existing anxiety or depressive disorder (ADD) undergoing isolated primary arthroscopic partial meniscectomy (APM).

Methods: The TriNetX database was queried from inception to compare patients older than 18 years who underwent isolated primary APM with versus without a pre-existing ADD. Patients were matched in a 1:1 ratio based on demographic factors and comorbidities, including diabetes and hypertension.

Enhancing Text Message Support With Media Literacy and Financial Incentives for Vaping Cessation in Young Adults: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The persistent high prevalence of e-cigarette use among young adults remains a significant public health concern, with limited evidence and guidance on effective vaping cessation programs targeting this population.

Objective: This study aims to outline the study design and protocol of a pilot randomized controlled trial aimed at investigating feasibility and assessing whether media literacy education or financial incentives enhance the effectiveness of evidence-based text message support in promoting vaping abstinence among young adult e-cigarette users.

Methods: The pilot study uses a 4-arm (1:1:1:1) randomized controlled trial design to assess the potential impact of different combinations of media literacy education, financial incentives, and text message support on vaping abstinence over a 3-month period.

Trends and Disparities in Alzheimer's Disease Mortality in the United States: The Impact of COVID-19.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the fifth leading cause of death for Americans older than 65. Though fluctuations have been noticed over the past two decades, the mortality of Alzheimer's patients increased considerably during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to explore the temporal trends in AD-associated mortality (ADAM) and disparities in these trends, and we aim to discern changes to these trends during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Curriculum Guidelines for Wilderness Medicine Medical Student Electives: 2025 Update.

Wilderness medicine elective rotations for graduate medical students are gaining popularity. The number of electives continues to grow, each with varying curriculum, format, and means of assessment. Previous curriculum guidelines attempted to standardize the knowledge-based competency for medical students in this field.

Expert consensus on vitamin D in osteoporosis.

Background: Adequate vitamin D is essential for maintaining optimal bone health, preventing and treating of osteoporosis. However, in recent years, large clinical trials and meta-analyses on the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation to prevent fractures in populations at different risks have been equivocal. The optimal level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) remains controversial.

Pyoderma gangrenosum refined elements for core item selection and evaluation (PRECISE-PG): a study protocol for reaching consensus on core outcome domain items in clinical trials of pyoderma gangrenosum.

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a debilitating inflammatory skin condition characterized by painful, necrotic ulcers, significantly impairing patient quality of life. The variability in clinical outcomes and the lack of standardized treatment protocols challenge effective PG clinical management and research. The Understanding Pyoderma Gangrenosum, Review and Assessment of Disease Effects (UPGRADE) project seeks to address this gap by establishing a core outcome set (COS) for PG clinical trials.