Efficacy and Reliability of Single Tooth Anesthesia (STA) for Surgical Removal of Impacted Wisdom Teeth: A Comparative Study.

Introduction: Single tooth anesthesia via intra-ligamentary injections has long been used to provide localized pain control with minimal discomfort while avoiding undesirable effects like lip numbness, mainly in pediatric population with definite success. In this study, we aimed to assess the efficacy of single tooth anesthesia (STA) via intra-ligamentary injections using WAND STA in the surgical removal of impacted third molar.

Methodology: Sixty patients were randomly divided into two groups of 30 each where Group I (study group) received local anesthesia via STA system with 4% articaine and Group II (control group) received conventional injection, that is, inferior alveolar nerve block, (IANB) with 4% articaine.

Exploration of the Utility of the Generic ICHOM Standard Set Measures in Evaluating the Speech of Patients with Cleft Lip/Palate.

Background: The International Consortium of Health Outcome Measurements (ICHOM) standard set for cleft care appraisal recommends clinicians assess articulation with percentage consonants correct (PCC) and velopharyngeal function with velopharyngeal competency rating (VPC-R). This study explores the utility and limitations of these generic measures in detecting cleft speech sound disorders by comparing them with two cleft-specific speech-rating systems, cleft audit protocol of speech-augmented Americleft modification (CAPS-A-AM) and Pittsburgh weighted speech scale (PWSS).

Methods: Consecutive children with repaired, nonsyndromic cleft lip/palate, aged 5 years or older (n = 27) underwent prospective speech evaluations conducted at a single academic institution.

Developmental Risk for Infants with Cleft Lip with or Without Cleft Palate Based on Caregiver-Proxy Reports.

Objectives: (1) Assess caregiver-reported development in infants born with cleft lip ± alveolus (CL ± A) and cleft lip and palate (CLP); (2) determine factors associated with increased developmental risk; and (3) determine consistency of developmental risk before and after surgery for cleft lip.

Design: Prospective, longitudinal assessment of development. Time (T) 1, prior to lip closure; T2, 2 months post lip closure.

Current Trends in Orthognathic Surgery.

Orthognathic surgery has evolved significantly over the past century. Osteotomies of the midface and mandible are contemporaneously used to perform independent or coordinated movements to address functional and aesthetic problems. Specific advances in the past twenty years include increasing fidelity with computer-assisted planning, the use of patient-specific fixation, expanding indications for management of upper airway obstruction, and shifts in orthodontic-surgical paradigms.

The Role of Intraoperative and Early Postoperative Blood Pressure Variations, Fluid Balance and Inotropics in Fibula Free Flap Head and Neck Reconstruction: A Retrospective Analysis.

Background: In head and neck reconstructive surgery, postoperative complications are a well-known concern.

Methods: We examined 46 patients who underwent ablative surgery and received fibula free flap reconstruction. The main focus was to assess the influence of intraoperative blood pressure fluctuations and the administration of inotropic drugs on complications, either related to the flap or systemic, serving as the primary endpoint.

Correlation Between Presurgical Alveolar Cleft Volume Measured by Simulation Software Using CBCT and Actual Bone Volume Used for Grafting.

Objective: To assess correlation between presurgical alveolar cleft volume measured by simulation software using CBCT and actual bone volume used for grafting.

Design: Prospective.

Setting: University hospital.

Rhinoplasty and Le Fort I Maxillary Osteotomy in Cleft Patients.

Introduction: Cleft patients often need orthognathic surgery to correct maxillary hypoplasia and rhinoplasty to correct nasal deformity. Rhinoplasty can be performed as a staged procedure after orthognathic surgery or simultaneously with maxillary osteotomy.

Aim: The authors evaluated need for and complications of staged and simultaneous rhinoplasties in patients with different cleft types undergoing maxillary osteotomy.

Clockwise versus counterclockwise rotation in bimaxillary surgery: 3D analysis of facial soft tissue outcomes.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare facial 3D soft tissue changes in subjects with Class III deformities who underwent bimaxillary clockwise (CW) and counterclockwise (CCW) rotational orthognathic surgery.

Methods: Asian Class III subjects who completed bimaxillary surgical orthodontic treatments were enrolled and categorized into CW and CCW groups based on maxillary occlusal plane alterations. Preoperative and 9-month follow-up cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and 3D stereophotogrammetry were obtained, superimposed, and quantified for skeletal movements and soft tissue changes in six facial regions.

Pediatric Otoplasty and Auricular Molding.

With the advent of widespread use of commercial ear molding products, the literature addressing the indications for and timing of perinatal intervention in auricular deformations and malformations has increased significantly. Although the rationale for perinatal ear molding seems to be hormonally mediated, the common assertion that breastfeeding may prolong the window of effective intervention remains without convincing evidence. The common auricular anomalies as well as indications, timing, and methodology of effective intervention including ear molding or surgical otoplasty are reviewed herein.

Diagnosing and Managing Velopharyngeal Insufficiency in Patients With Cleft Palate After Primary Palatoplasty.

Velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) after palatoplasty is caused by improper anatomy preventing velopharyngeal closure and manifests as a hypernasal resonance, audible nasal emissions, weak pressure consonants, compensatory articulation, reduced speech loudness, and nostril or facial grimacing. A multidisciplinary team using multimodal instruments (speech analysis, nasoendoscopy, videofluoroscopy, nasometry, and magnetic resonance imaging) to evaluate velopharyngeal function should manage these patients. Careful monitoring of velopharyngeal function by a speech pathologist remains paramount for early identification of VPI and the perceptual assessment should follow a standardized protocol.

Lip and tongue strength associated with chewing patterns in aging population.

Background: Improving chewing function of older adults increases the health-related quality of life. Few studies indicated the correlation between tongue, lip strength on masticatory performance in older people. The study aimed to investigate the association between lip, tongue strength on chewing pattern in aging population.

Characterizing Speech Phenotype in Individuals With Craniofacial Microsomia: A Scoping Review.

Introduction: Craniofacial microsomia (CFM) is a complex congenital condition primarily affecting the ear, mandible, facial nerve and muscles, and tongue. Individuals with CFM are at increased risk of hearing loss, obstructive sleep apnea, and feeding/swallowing difficulties. The purpose of this scoping review was to summarize evidence pertaining to speech production in CFM.

Quantitative Detection and Follow-Up of Intracranial Hypertension in Craniosynostosis: An Optical Coherence Tomography Study.

Background: In patients with craniosynostosis, the authors evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of fundoscopy and optical coherence tomography (OCT) to detect intracranial hypertension (ICH), the time course of retinal thickness after treatment of ICH, and the relationship between high hyperopia (HH) and fundoscopy/OCT scan findings.

Methods: Patients with syndromic, multisuture, unicoronal, unilambdoid, or sagittal synostosis visiting the authors' national center were included in this longitudinal cohort study and formed a consecutive series. Retinal layers on OCT, OCT fundus images, and fundoscopy results were evaluated.

The Role of Digital Surgical Planning and Surgical Guides in the Treatment of Unilateral Condylar Hyperplasia.

Unilateral condylar hyperplasia (UCH) results in facial asymmetry, malocclusion, and temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Treatment consists of both surgical and orthodontic intervention. A review was performed for 4 patients with UCH who underwent digital surgical planning (DSP)-assisted condylectomy.

Virtual Reality Planning in Reconstructive Surgery for Orbital Prosthetic Rehabilitation Using ImmersiveTouch Platform: Preliminary Report.

Background/purpose: Virtual reality (VR) is emerging as an effective and intuitive surgical planning and 3D visualization tool. Digital surgical planning is the gold standard for planning the placement of implants in maxillofacial prosthetics, but the field lacks a platform exclusively designed to perform the task. Virtual reality planning (VRP) specific for maxillofacial prosthetics offers the clinician improved control of the presurgical planning and the potential to limit the need to adapt other advanced segmentation software.

Using "Real-World Data" to Study Cleft Lip/Palate Care: An Exploration of Speech Outcomes from a Multi-Center US Learning Health Network.

Objective: To assess the ability of a cleft-specific multi-site learning health network registry to describe variations in cleft outcomes by cleft phenotypes, ages, and treatment centers. Observed variations were assessed for coherence with prior study findings.

Design: Cross-sectional analysis of prospectively collected data from 2019-2022.

Full-arch restoration with the NEXUS IOS® system: A retrospective clinical evaluation of 37 restorations after a one year of follow-up.

Objectives: Report the results with a novel workflow of digital restoration for completely edentulous patients with implant supported full arch fixed dental prostheses (ISFDP).

Methods: This multicenter retrospective clinical study was based on the evaluation from a cohort of 29 patients restored with 37 ISFDP designed and manufactured from the data captured by a direct intraoral scan, using a novel full digital system (NEXUS IOS®, Osteon Medical, a Keystone Dental Group company, Melbourne, Australia). Data was collected over a 3-year period, in six different dental centers.

Non-progressive mandibular changes in children with Type I and II craniofacial microsomia.

Objective: To describe the mandibular growth of craniofacial microsomia (CFM) patients during early childhood to adolescence with attention to symmetry.

Materials And Methods: Altogether 61 CFM patients were studied at the Cleft Palate and Craniofacial Center, Helsinki University Hospital between 1986 and 2006. In this cohort study, we measured and analysed 293 radiographs (posteroanterior, panoramic and lateral); 165 radiographs of 40 patients met the final inclusion criteria.

Measuring the Unilateral Cleft Lip Nasal Deformity: Lateral Deviation of Subnasale Is a Clinical and Morphologic Index of Unrepaired Severity.

Objective: Objective measurement of pre-operative severity is important to optimize evidence-based practices given that the wide spectrum of presentation likely influences outcomes. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation of objective measures of form with a subjective standard of cleft severity.

Design: 3D images were ranked according to severity of nasal deformity by 7 cleft surgeons so that the mean rank could be used as the severity standard.

Aesthetic Outcomes in Cleft Care: Exploring Patterns in Patient-Reported Outcomes across Adolescence.

Background: For patients with cleft lip/palate, adolescence is a time of maxillofacial growth and complex psychosocial stressors. The personal significance of facial differences may change, making patient-reported outcomes measures invaluable. In this study, we use several scales from the CLEFT-Q and FACE-Q to explore how aesthetic outcomes differ by age and by gender among patients with unilateral cleft lip/palate.

Complications and Associated Risk Factors for Bimaxillary Osteotomies: A 15-Year Single-center Retrospective Study.

Aim: The aim of this study was to retrospectively investigate the risk factors and their association on bimaxillary osteotomies to be able to improve patient selection and bimaxillary osteotomy planning.

Material And Methods: Patients treated with a bimaxillary osteotomy were included in the study. The complications were collected retrospectively from the patient data records.

Rationale for white skin roll flap in unilateral cleft lip repair: A retrospective anthropometric measurement analysis.

Background: Although the "white skin roll" of the lip is often considered a line, it is better defined as the subunit between the vermilion border and the upper lip horizontal groove. In many unilateral cleft lip repair techniques, this structure is approximated between both sides of the cleft without restoration. This study aimed to analyze the white skin roll height in patients with unilateral cleft lip.

A Photo Score For Aesthetic Outcome In Sagittal Synostosis: An ERN CRANIO Collaboration.

European Reference Network (ERN) CRANIO is focused on optimizing care for patients with rare or complex craniofacial anomalies, including craniosynostosis and/or rare ear, nose, and throat disorders. The main goal of ERN CRANIO is to collect uniform data on treatment outcomes for multicenter comparison. We aimed to develop a reproducible and reliable suture-specific photo score that can be used for cross-center comparison of phenotypical severity of sagittal synostosis and aesthetic outcome of treatment.