Smart medical report: efficient detection of common and rare diseases on common blood tests.

Introduction: The integration of AI into healthcare is widely anticipated to revolutionize medical diagnostics, enabling earlier, more accurate disease detection and personalized care.

Methods: In this study, we developed and validated an AI-assisted diagnostic support tool using only routinely ordered and broadly available blood tests to predict the presence of major chronic and acute diseases as well as rare disorders.

Results: Our model was tested on both retrospective and prospective datasets comprising over one million patients.

Inequalities and Differences in Health Status of Pre- and Perinatal Periods in Hungarian Long-Term Series Analysis (1997-2019).

Objectives: The main goal of this study is to publish findings on the lifestyle factors of pregnant women in Hungary and their impact on early childhood health status by examining changes over time and regional/geographical disparities.

Methods: The source of the data is the raw indicators reported by health visitors as per mandatory annual report data for the period of 1997-2019. To examine the association, we used indicators of pregnant women's states as explanatory variables (for example, pregnant women in very late care, prenatal smoking habits, and pregnant women without care), and the outcome indicators were prematurity, intrauterine malnutrition, and newborn babies with developmental disorders.

The prognostic value of histological grade determined after neoadjuvant chemotherapy of breast cancer.

Histological grade is a validated prognostic factor of breast cancer but may show alterations following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). Its reporting after NACT is recommended by several guidelines, but evidence of its retained prognostic impact is scarce. Patients treated with NACT followed by surgery and having sufficient residual tumour for the determination of grade were analysed for the survival effects of posttreatment grade (yG).

Trilaciclib prior to FOLFOXIRI/bevacizumab for patients with untreated metastatic colorectal cancer: phase 3 PRESERVE 1 trial.

Background: In metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), improvements in survival from combining leucovorin/fluorouracil/oxaliplatin/irinotecan (FOLFOXIRI) with bevacizumab have come at the risk of increased rates of high-grade toxicities. Trilaciclib is indicated to decrease the incidence of chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression in patients receiving standard-of-care chemotherapy for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer.

Methods: Patients with untreated mCRC were randomized 1:1 to trilaciclib (n = 164) or placebo (n = 162) prior to FOLFOXIRI/bevacizumab for up to 12 cycles (induction), followed by trilaciclib or placebo prior to fluorouracil/leucovorin/bevacizumab (maintenance).

Investigating the effect of immunomagnetic separation on the immunophenotype and viability of plasma cells in plasma cell disorders.

Plasma cell enrichment plays a pivotal role in the accurate prognosis and molecular characterization of multiple myeloma. The separation is commonly carried out by positive cell selection using CD138 monoclonal antibody conjugated to magnetic beads. Optimally, during the separation procedure, the cells should neither be damaged, nor should their phenotype be significantly altered, as these changes would falsify the results if the isolated cells were subsequently used.

Zymogen granule protein 16B (ZG16B) is a druggable epigenetic target to modulate the mammary extracellular matrix.

High tissue density of the mammary gland is considered a pro-tumorigenic factor, hence suppressing the stimuli that induce matrix buildup carries the potential for cancer interception. We found that in non-malignant mammary epithelial cells the combination of the chemopreventive agents bexarotene (Bex) and carvedilol (Carv) suppresses the zymogen granule protein 16B (ZG16B, PAUF) through an interaction of ARID1A with a proximal enhancer. Bex + Carv also reduced ZG16B levels in vivo in normal breast tissue and MDA-MB231 tumor xenografts.

Revising cancer incidence in a Central European country: a Hungarian nationwide study between 2011-2019 based on a health insurance fund database.

Background: The nationwide HUN-CANCER EPI study examined cancer incidence and mortality rates in Hungary from 2011 to 2019.

Methods: Using data from the National Health Insurance Fund (NHIF) and Hungarian Central Statistical Office (HCSO), our retrospective study analyzed newly diagnosed malignancies between Jan 1, 2011, and Dec 31, 2019. Age-standardized incidence and mortality rates were calculated for all and for different tumor types using both the 1976 and 2013 European Standard Populations (ESP).

Digital Whole Slide Image Analysis of Elevated Stromal Content and Extracellular Matrix Protein Expression Predicts Adverse Prognosis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer with a poor prognosis and limited treatment options. This study evaluates the prognostic value of stromal markers in TNBC, focusing on the tumor-stroma ratio (TSR) and overall stroma ratio (OSR) in whole slide images (WSI), as well as the expression of type-I collagen, type-III collagen, and fibrillin-1 on tissue microarrays (TMAs), using both visual assessment and digital image analysis (DIA). A total of 101 female TNBC patients, primarily treated with surgery between 2005 and 2016, were included.

[I]6ß-Iodomethyl-19-norcholesterol SPECT/CT for the Lateralization of Mineralocorticoid Overproduction in Primary Aldosteronism.

Unlabelled: Primary: aldosteronism is a frequent cause of secondary hypertension. With access to specialized care, an increasing number of patients with aldosteronism are being identified. Primary aldosteronism is treatable by adrenal surgery if aldosterone excess originates from one of the two, and not from both, adrenals.

Revisiting surgical margins for invasive breast cancer patients treated with breast conservation therapy - Evidence for adopting a 1 mm negative width.

Clinical trials have demonstrated conclusively the non-inferiority of breast-conserving surgery followed by breast radiation therapy (BCT) compared with mastectomy for the treatment of early-stage invasive breast cancer (BC). The definition of the required surgical margin to ensure adequate removal of the cancer by BCT to obtain an acceptable low local recurrence (LR) rate remains controversial. Meta-analyses published by Houssami et al.

Long-Term Self-Management of Vaginal Cube Pessaries Can Improve Sexual Life in Patients with Pelvic Organ Prolapse, Results from a Secondary Analysis.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Currently, little is known about how daily self-management of cube pessaries influences sexual function. We hypothesized that removing the cube pessary prior to sexual activity did not negatively influence the sexual function, and pessary self-care did not lead to a deterioration of sexual wellbeing.

Methods: We conducted a planned secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study in which 214 patients with symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse (stage 2+) were enrolled (2015).

The roles of phosphorylation of signaling proteins in the prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia.

Signaling pathways of Retinoblastoma (Rb) protein, Akt-kinase, and Erk-kinase (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) have an important role in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia. Constitutive activation of these proteins by phosphorylation contributes to cell survival by regulation of cell cycle, proliferation and proapoptotic signaling processes. According to previous data phosphorylated forms of these proteins represent a worse outcome for cancer patients.

Novel Combinations of Immunotherapies or DNA Damage Repair Inhibitors in Platinum-Refractory Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer: The Phase II BALTIC Study.

Purpose: The phase II, multiarm, signal-searching BALTIC study (NCT02937818) assessed novel treatment combinations for platinum-refractory/resistant extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC).

Patients And Methods: Patients with ES-SCLC with progressive disease during or within 90 days of completing first-line platinum-based chemotherapy received one of three regimens: durvalumab plus tremelimumab followed by durvalumab monotherapy (arm A), adavosertib plus carboplatin (arm B), or ceralasertib plus olaparib (arm C). The primary endpoint was the objective response rate.

Comparative evaluation of culture results and composition of microbiome of removed tonsils due to distant focal disease or other reasons. A prospective pilot study.

The aim of this prospective pilot study was to compare culture and microbiome results of the removed tonsils of patients with assumed distant focal disease (11 patients) and those who underwent a tonsillectomy, due to other reasons, such as recurrent tonsillitis, tonsil stones or snoring (nine patients). Aerobic culture was carried out for samples taken from the surface of the tonsils by swabs before tonsillectomy for all 20 patients. The squeezed detritus and the tissue samples of removed tonsils, taken separately for the right and left tonsils, were incubated aerobically and anaerobically.

TRPS1 expression in breast angiosarcoma.

Angiosarcoma (AS) of the breast, a rare mesenchymal neoplasm, exhibits distinct forms based on etiological and genetic features. While cases with typical clinical presentation and morphology allow for a straightforward diagnosis, challenges arise when clinical data are scarce, diagnostic material is limited, or morphological characteristics overlap with other tumors, including undifferentiated carcinomas. The trichorhinophalangeal syndrome protein 1 (TRPS1), once regarded as highly specific for breast carcinomas, now faces doubts regarding its reliability.

Spirituality is associated with immune parameters and disease activity in primary Sjögren's syndrome: a cross-sectional study.

The role of spirituality in health and disease is a complex and emerging area of research. Incorporating spirituality into the bio-psycho-social model of health and disease leading to the bio-psycho-social-spiritual model provides a more comprehensive framework. In this context, chronic disorders like primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) are of interest due to their intricate interactions between biological, psychological, and spiritual factors.

Case Report: A Sudden Thyroid-Related Death of a 15-Year-Old Girl.

A 15-year-old young girl was found dead at home. There were no indications of any intervention or the application of force. On the previous day, she was admitted to hospital because of palpitations, fatigue, a headache, and a swollen neck.

Histological Patterns and Mammographic Presentation of Invasive Lobular Carcinoma Show No Obvious Associations.

Invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast has different mammographic appearances, including spiculated or lobulated masses, architectural distortion, increased breast density, and the possibility of also being occult. Histologically, the morphology is also variable, as several patterns have been described beside the classical one, including the solid, the alveolar, the trabecular, the one with tubular elements, and others. Of 146 ILC cases, 141 were reviewed for mammographic appearance and 136 for histological patterns by two radiologist and two pathologists, respectively; 132 common cases were analyzed for possible associations between mammographic presentation and the histological patterns.

Exploring the Ecological Implications, Gastronomic Applications, and Nutritional and Therapeutic Potential of L. (Green Walnut): A Comprehensive Review.

The green walnut, which is frequently overlooked in favor of its more mature sibling, is becoming a topic of great significance because of its unique ecological role, culinary flexibility, and therapeutic richness. The investigation of the bioactive substances found in green walnuts and their possible effects on human health has therapeutic potential. L.

The value of oestrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and keratins 5 and 14 immunohistochemistry in the evaluation of epithelial proliferations at cauterised margins in breast-conserving surgery specimens.

In breast conservative surgery, it is sometimes difficult to decide whether the cauterised tissue at the inked margin represents normal / hyperplastic or neoplastic tissue. We retrospectively assessed the value of ER, PR, CK5 and CK14 IHC in clarifying the nature of cauterised tissues at the margins concerning 34 lesions of 23 patients. 27 cases belonged to lesions that could not be adequately classified on the basis of the HE stains.

Colonic Tubular Adenoma with Clear Cell Change: Case Report with Whole-Exome Sequencing and Updated Review of the Literature.

Introduction: Colorectal tubular adenomas displaying clear cell change are rare entities, with unknown clinical relevance, prognosis, immunohistochemical, and molecular features.

Case Presentation: Hereby we report a case of a 43-year-old female patient with a rectosigmoid polyp. Histologically, conventional dysplasia was visible with scattered areas displaying clear cell change.

The prognostic value of stem cell markers in triple-negative breast cancer.

Among the many consecutive theories of cancer, the stem cell theory is currently the most accepted one. Cancer stem cells are located in small niches with specific environment, renew themselves and are believed to be responsible for many recurrences. They can be highlighted with stem cell markers, but often these markers also label tumor cells, and this may represent a phenotypical change associated with prognosis.

Attitudes of psychiatrists towards people with mental illness: a cross-sectional, multicentre study of stigma in 32 European countries.

Background: Mental health-related stigma occurs among the public and professionals alike. The lived experience of mental illness has been linked to less stigmatising attitudes. However, data on psychiatrists and the relationship between stigmatising attitudes and psychotherapeutic activity or case discussion groups remains scarce.