Correlations between dyslipidemia and retinal parameters measured with Angio-OCT in type II diabetics without diabetic retinopathy.

Aim: To analyze the relationship between lipoproteins such as total cholesterol, LDL-c, TG, and retinal parameters in patients with DM type II without signs of DR.

Method: A case-control study, consisting of 2 groups. A group of 64 patients with type II diabetes without signs of DR and a control group of 24 healthy subjects.

Aorto-Right Atrial and Aorto-Right Ventricular Fistulas as a Complication of Subacute Infective Endocarditis.

Unlabelled: Aorto-atrial fistula (AAF) and aorto-ventricular fistula (AVF) are a rare, but potentially life-threatening condition, where an anomalous connection forms between the aortic structures and the cardiac atria or ventricles. The exact incidence of this condition is unknown, as are the major precipitating factors and best treatment options. It may be congenital, secondary to conditions such as aortic dissection, infective endocarditis, or valve replacement, or iatrogenic in nature.

Cell death and DNA damage via ROS mechanisms after applied antibiotics and antioxidants doses in prostate hyperplasia primary cell cultures.

Tumor heterogeneity results in aggressive cancer phenotypes with acquired resistance. However, combining chemical treatment with adjuvant therapies that cause cellular structure and function perturbations may diminish the ability of cancer cells to resist at chemical treatment and lead to a less aggressive cancer phenotype. Applied treatments on prostate hyperplasia primary cell cultures exerted their antitumor activities through mechanisms including cell cycle blockage, oxidative stress, and cell death induction by flow cytometry methods.

Apoptosis-Cell Cycle-Autophagy Molecular Mechanisms Network in Heterogeneous Aggressive Phenotype Prostate Hyperplasia Primary Cell Cultures Have a Prognostic Role.

Our study highlights the apoptosis, cell cycle, DNA ploidy, and autophagy molecular mechanisms network to identify prostate pathogenesis and its prognostic role. Caspase 3/7 expressions, cell cycle, adhesion glycoproteins, autophagy, nuclear shrinkage, and oxidative stress by flow-cytometry analysis are used to study the BPH microenvironment's heterogeneity. A high late apoptosis expression by caspases 3/7 activity represents an unfavorable prognostic biomarker, a dependent predictor factor for cell adhesion, growth inhibition by arrest in the G2/M phase, and oxidative stress processes network.

CT Angiography for Aortic Arch Anomalies: Prevalence, Diagnostic Efficacy, and Illustrative Findings.

Aortic arch anomalies encompass a diverse spectrum of conditions. Elucidating the prevalence of these anomalies, their impact on patient wellbeing, and the most effective diagnostic tools are crucial steps in ensuring optimal patient care. This paper aims to explore the various presentations of aortic arch anomalies, emphasizing the remarkable utility of computed tomography (CT) angiography in their definitive diagnosis and characterization.

Healing from Within: How Gut Microbiota Predicts IBD Treatment Success-A Systematic Review.

Recent research indicates that the microbiome has a significant impact on the progression of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and that creating therapies that change its composition could positively impact the outcomes of IBD treatment. This review summarizes the results of extensive studies that examined IBD patients undergoing several therapies, including anti-TNF medication, vedolizumab, ustekinumab, probiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), and the alterations in their gut microbiota's composition and function. The objective was to investigate the variety and effectiveness of microbial species in order to discover new biomarkers or therapeutic targets that could improve the outcome of treatment for these patients.

Same Organ, Two Cancers: Complete Analysis of Renal Cell Carcinomas and Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinomas.

: Renal cell carcinomas and upper tract urothelial carcinomas are types of malignancies that originate in the kidneys. Each of these examples shows an increasing trend in the frequency and the mortality rate. This study aims to comprehensively define carcinomas by analyzing clinical, paraclinical, and histological aspects to predict aggressiveness and mortality.

Mental Manifestations and Biomarkers of Alcohol Consumption.

The purpose of this study is to examine healthcare usage, morbidities, and alcohol consumption monitoring in patients before a diagnosis of mental manifestations to assist in the early identification of individuals at risk. Biological markers of alcoholism are separated into two groups: those biological variables that highlight with great confidence and validate the presence of a predisposition to alcoholism, also called trait markers, or those that highlight alcohol consumption, called markers of alcoholism ("status markers"). Biomarkers are the true "gold standard" for the diagnosis of alcoholism.

The Interplay between Obesity and Inflammation.

Obesity is an important condition affecting the quality of life of numerous patients and increasing their associated risk for multiple diseases, including tumors and immune-mediated disorders. Inflammation appears to play a major role in the development of obesity and represents a central point for the activity of cellular and humoral components in the adipose tissue. Macrophages play a key role as the main cellular component of the adipose tissue regulating the chronic inflammation and modulating the secretion and differentiation of various pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines.

Coronary Artery Anomalies: A Computed Tomography Angiography Pictorial Review.

Coronary arteries have a wide range of anatomical variability, and their spectrum ranges from asymptomatic cases to those predisposed to hemodynamic compromise or even sudden cardiac death. This paper aims to review the classification of coronary artery anomalies (CAAs) and illustrate their imaging characteristics by highlighting the important role of CT coronary angiography. Some of the coronary anomalies usually met in current practice are the high origin coronary artery, multiple ostia, aberrant origin from the opposite/non-coronary Valsalva sinus, single coronary artery, ALCAPA syndrome, duplications of the left anterior descending artery, coronary fistulas, and extracardiac terminations.

The Impact of Cardiovascular Antecedents on the Prognosis of COVID-19 Critically Ill Patients.

: The objective of the study is to analyze the impact of cardiovascular history on mortality in COVID-19 patients, hospitalized in the intensive care unit with indications for continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and subsequently mechanical ventilation, without oncological disease. : A retrospective observational study was carried out on a group of 108 critical COVID-19 patients. We compared demographic data, paraclinical and clinical parameters, days of hospitalization, and mortality rate between two groups of patients, one group with a history of cardiovascular disease (81 patients) and a group without a history of cardiovascular disease (27 patients).

Multiple Primary Melanoma Associated with CDKN2A Mutation-Case Report and Review of the Literature.

The CDKN2A gene remains understudied in melanoma compared to BRAF alterations. Inactivation of this tumor suppressor gene through homozygous deletions in the 9p21 chromosomal region leads to cellular proliferation and disrupts pro-apoptotic pathways. Genetic changes in CDKN2A are linked to multiple primary melanomas (MPM), with patients diagnosed with melanoma facing an elevated risk of developing additional primaries.

Acute Myocardial Infarction in COVID-19 Patients-A Review of Literature Data and Two-Case Report Series.

: The newly emergent COVID-19 pandemic involved primarily the respiratory system and had also major cardiovascular system (CVS) implications, revealed by acute myocardial infarction (AMI), arrhythmias, myocardial injury, and thromboembolism. CVS involvement is done through main mechanisms-direct and indirect heart muscle injury, with high mortality rates, worse short-term outcomes, and severe complications. AMI is the echo of myocardial injury (revealed by increases in CK, CK-MB, and troponin serum markers-which are taken into consideration as possible COVID-19 risk stratification markers).

The Role of CT Imaging in a Fractured Coronary Stent with Pseudoaneurysm Formation.

We report a case of a 63-year-old male patient with multiple cardiovascular risk factors and previous myocardial infarction who was referred to the emergency department on September 2023 with symptoms and clinical and biological data consistent with an acute coronary event. A coronary angiography revealed severe ostial stenosis of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) and intrastent thrombotic occlusion in the first two segments of the LAD. Two drug-eluting stents were implanted and the patient was discharged when hemodynamically stable; however, three weeks later, he returned to the emergency department complaining of fever, anterior chest pain, dyspnea at rest, and high blood pressure values at home.

P16-CD8-Ki67 Triple Algorithm for Prediction of CDKN2A Mutations in Patients with Multiple Primary and Familial Melanoma.

Melanoma, a malignant neuroectodermic tumor originating from the neural crest, presents a growing global public health challenge and is anticipated to become the second most prevalent malignancy in the USA by 2040. The CDKN2A gene, particularly p16INK4a, plays a pivotal role in inhibiting the cell cycle via the cyclin D/CDK2-pRb pathway in certain tumors. In familial melanomas (FM), 40% exhibit CDKN2A mutations affecting p16INK4a, impacting checkpoint G1, and stabilizing p53 expression.

Antiviral Therapy of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus between Present and Future.

: The objective of this study was to analyze the results of clinical trials regarding long-term antiviral therapies in chronic hepatitis with HBV to compare current therapeutic protocols and to analyze the results of preliminary studies with new antiviral therapies for HBV. : Clinical studies and meta-analyses from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Research Gate from 2011 to 2024 were analyzed on patients undergoing chronic antiviral therapy for HBV, and a retrospective observational study performed in our clinic on a group of 76 patients undergoing chronic therapy with entecavir was presented. Also, a summary of the results of preliminary studies with various innovative antiviral molecules for HBV was performed.

Endotoxin Inflammatory Action on Cells by Dysregulated-Immunological-Barrier-Linked ROS-Apoptosis Mechanisms in Gut-Liver Axis.

Our study highlighted the immune changes by pro-inflammatory biomarkers in the gut-liver-axis-linked ROS-cell death mechanisms in chronic and acute inflammations when gut cells are exposed to endotoxins in patients with hepatic cirrhosis or steatosis. In duodenal tissue samples, gut immune barrier dysfunction was analyzed by pro-inflammatory biomarker expressions, oxidative stress, and cell death by flow cytometry methods. A significant innate and adaptative immune system reaction was observed as result of persistent endotoxin action in gut cells in chronic inflammation tissue samples recovered from hepatic cirrhosis with the A-B child stage.

Unusual Localization of AIDS-Related Kaposi's Sarcoma in a Heterosexual Male during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Report.

Kaposi's sarcoma is an AIDS-defining illness and remains the most frequent tumor arising in HIV-infected patients with multifactorial etiology. We present a case of a 30-year-old Caucasian male with an 18-year history of HIV infection. The patient was presented with a one-week history of fever, non-productive cough, and skin lesions.

A Narrative Review of Current Knowledge on Cutaneous Melanoma.

Cutaneous melanoma is a public health problem. Efforts to reduce its incidence have failed, as it continues to increase. In recent years, many risk factors have been identified.

The impact of MYD88 and PIM1 in mature large B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas: Defining element of their evolution and prognosis.

Sequence studies of the entire exome and transcriptome of lymphoma tissues have identified MYD88 and PIM1 as involved in the development and oncogenic signaling. We aimed to determine the frequency of MYD88 and PIM1 mutations, as well as their expressions in conjunction with the clinicopathological parameters identified in mature large B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas. The ten-year retrospective study included 50 cases of mature large B-cell lymphoma, diagnosed at the Pathology Department of the Emergency County Hospital of Constanţa and Săcele County Hospital of Brasov.

The Association of Telangiectasias with Other Peripheral Vascular Lesions of Systemic Sclerosis.

Purpose: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a relatively rare collagenosis manifested as microvasculopathy, excessive cutaneous and visceral fibrosis in a background of autoimmune alteration. Autoimmune vasculopathy in SSc occurs early and begins with endothelial cell activation followed by blood vessel intimal proliferation in a context of defective angiogenesis. The alteration of peripheral micro and macrocirculation in SSc is evident through vascular lesions, such as Raynaud's phenomenon, telangiectasias, acrocyanosis, digital ulcers, gangrene, peripheral pulse deficiency.

Online Doc: Is Social Media Education a Tool for Melanoma Prevention? A Survey-Based Analysis Among Romanian Digitally Active Users.

Background: In the contemporary era, people are extracting medical information from content-sharing means on the Internet, and the most popular virtual platforms authorize users to access knowledge, guidance, and exchange opinions. Doctors have massively joined online communities and developed educational accounts to meet the informational necessities of general users. The aim of the current study is to identify the role of social media in augmenting the awareness of melanoma.

A 65-Year-Old Man Presenting to the Emergency Department with Gastric Hemorrhage Caused by a Glomus Tumor.

BACKGROUND Glomus tumor is a benign but rapidly growing mesenchymal tumor that is a rare in the gastrointestinal tract, can be locally invasive due to its rapid growth, and can result in perforation of a viscus. We report a 65-year-old man presenting as an emergency with gastric hemorrhage and gastric glomus tumor. CASE REPORT A 65-year-old man came to our hospital for a life-threatening upper digestive hemorrhage.