Comparison of front-of-package nutrition labelling schemes in Costa Rica: A multi-arm parallel-group randomised controlled trial assessing objective understanding and purchase intention.

Different front-of-package labelling (FOPL) schemes have been developed worldwide to encourage informed and healthier food purchase decisions. However, few studies have formally compared different schemes, particularly in the Latin American context. This study aimed to assess the effects of four different FOPL schemes on the objective understanding of the nutritional content and intention to purchase products.

Inter-Individual Responses to Acute Resistance Training in the Blood Pressure Dipping Response in Normotensive and Hypertensive Men.

The blood pressure dipping response to acute resistance training exercise (RTE) is scarce in the literature. We determined the inter-individual blood pressure (BP) dipping variability of normotensive (NT) and hypertensive (HT) men completing two modalities of a single session of RTE. Volunteers (NT = 21, HT = 20) underwent a non-exercise control (CTRL), RTE high-sets low-repetitions (HSLR), and RTE high-repetitions low-sets (HRLS) conditions.

Serosurvey of Arboviruses in Free-Ranging Mantled Howler Monkeys (Alouatta palliata) in Costa Rica.

We investigated the prevalence of arthropod-borne viral diseases in a population of free-ranging mantled howler monkeys (Alouatta palliata) in Costa Rica in 1998. Blood samples were opportunistically collected from monkeys anesthetized for another study. Serology was performed on 64 individuals to assess exposure of this population to vesicular stomatitis virus, equine encephalitis viruses, Mayaro virus, St.

Nature-inspired innovations: unlocking the potential of biomimicry in bionanotechnology and beyond.

Bionanotechnology research has surged to the forefront of scientific innovation, propelling the exploration of cutting-edge technologies and interdisciplinary collaboration. Biomimicry, which harnesses nature's ingenuity, drives the development of novel research-based solutions in diverse fields such as vaccines, medicine, and biomedical devices. Nature's role is becoming increasingly pivotal in addressing complex challenges related to environmental conservation, human health, and pandemic preparedness, including those posed by SARS-CoV-2 and other emerging pathogens.

Factors associated with the perception of resentment towards the Chinese in Latin America during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Introduction: Resentment towards the Chinese population was perceived during the first months of the pandemic because the pandemic/disease started in that country.

Objective: To determine the factors associated with the perception of resentment towards the Chinese in Latin America during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methodology: Analytical cross-sectional study conducted during the second semester of the pandemic in more than a dozen countries.

Active restoration increases tree species richness and recruitment of large-seeded taxa after 16-18 years.

Tropical forest restoration presents a potential lifeline to mitigate climate change and biodiversity crises in the Anthropocene. Yet, the extent to which human interventions, such as tree planting, accelerate the recovery of mature functioning ecosystems or redirect successional trajectories toward novel states remains uncertain due to a lack of long-term experiments. In 2004-2006, we established three 0.

Assessing antimicrobial consumption in public and private sectors within the Costa Rican health system: current status and future directions.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance is a significant global health threat. Therefore, robust surveillance systems for antimicrobial consumption (AMC) are essential to develop public health strategies. However, Latin American countries, including Costa Rica, face challenges in regularly reporting AMC data.

Respiratory symptoms among e-cigarette users without an established smoking history in the VERITAS cohort.

Prior research on e-cigarettes' health impacts is inconclusive due to confounding by previous tobacco smoking. Studies of e-cigarette use among people without an established smoking history are informative for this question. A cross-sectional survey was administered across six geopolitical world regions to adults aged 18+ without a history of established cigarette smoking or regular use of other nicotine/tobacco products.

Exploring the Symptoms of and Insights Into Idiopathic Opsoclonus-Myoclonus-Ataxia Syndrome in Adults.

Opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia syndrome (OMAS) is a rare immunological central nervous system disorder that mostly affects children, and it is extremely uncommon in adults. It usually presents idiopathically, as a parainfectious condition, or as a paraneoplastic syndrome. We present a case of a patient who developed adult-onset opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia syndrome (OMAS) without any associated infectious or neoplastic disease, a condition that is considered very rare in Central America.

WITHDRAWN: First morphological and molecular characterisation of Spirometra mansoni (Cestoda, Diphyllobothriidae) in a domestic cat from Veracruz, Mexico.

This article has been withdrawn: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/policies/article-withdrawal).

Gray foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) as natural definitive hosts of Paragonimus mexicanus.

Paragonimus mexicanus is a trematode that causes pulmonary and extrapulmonary infections in humans, characterized by chest pain, dyspnea, fever, and weight loss. The detection of Paragonimus spp. is primarily achieved through the microscopic observation of eggs in feces, sputum, and pleural fluid.

Worldwide trends in diabetes prevalence and treatment from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 1108 population-representative studies with 141 million participants.

Background: Diabetes can be detected at the primary health-care level, and effective treatments lower the risk of complications. There are insufficient data on the coverage of treatment for diabetes and how it has changed. We estimated trends from 1990 to 2022 in diabetes prevalence and treatment for 200 countries and territories.

Concomitant diagnosis of Trypanosoma cruzi and HIV in a patient with neurologic manifestations: A case report.

American trypanosomiasis or Chagas disease is a vector-borne infection caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, characterized by acute and chronic phases; reactivations due to immunosuppression can occur. In this case report, we confirm the presence of trypomastigotes of T. cruzi in a patient with neurologic manifestations.

Men's mourning experiences for the death of a loved one: An integrative review.

Objective: To analyze the current state of knowledge regarding men's mourning experiences following the death of a loved one.

Method: An integrative review was conducted using quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods studies published in English or Spanish between 2017 and 2022 that investigated men's mourning experiences. Studies focused on grief in participants with different sexes or gender identities, maladaptive grief, persistent complex bereavement disorder, prolonged grief disorder, bereavement over pets, or losses other than a human death were excluded.

QCD Running Coupling in the Nonperturbative and Near-Perturbative Regimes.

We use analytic continuation to extend the gauge-gravity duality nonperturbative description of the strong force coupling into the transition, near-perturbative, regime where perturbative effects become important. By excluding the unphysical region in coupling space from the flow of singularities in the complex plane, we derive a specific relation between the scales relevant at large and short distances; this relation is uniquely fixed by requiring maximal analyticity. The unified effective coupling model gives an accurate description of the data in the nonperturbative and the near-perturbative regions.

Conspiracy Thinking, Conspiracy Beliefs, Denialism, Motivation, and COVID-19 Vaccination Intentions in Costa Rica.

An observational cross-sectional study was conducted among inhabitants of Costa Rica to examine motivational determinants of COVID-19 vaccination intentions (CVI), as well as to better understand the role of a set of conspiracy-related variables within the framework of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Data were collected online, and a subsample of those not yet vaccinated ( = 406, age = 44.35, .

The second Latin American catheter ablation registry ("II LAHRS EP registry").

Background: Patient's clinical characteristics, technical resources, center and operator volume, and operator experience and training are known variables impacting outcomes. Although international standards have been agreed to maximize the benefits of this therapy, regional and global differences still exist. Latin American information has not been updated in the last 10 years.

Macrophage Activation Syndrome in MIS-C.

Background: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) represents a diagnostic challenge because of its overlap with Kawasaki disease, Kawasaki disease shock syndrome, and toxic shock syndrome. Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is a frequently fatal complication of various pediatric inflammatory disorders and has been reported in MIS-C. Early diagnosis and prompt initiation by immune modulating therapies are essential for effectively managing MAS.

Subsurface microbial community structure shifts along the geological features of the Central American Volcanic Arc.

Subduction of the Cocos and Nazca oceanic plates beneath the Caribbean plate drives the upward movement of deep fluids enriched in carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, and iron along the Central American Volcanic Arc (CAVA). These compounds fuel diverse subsurface microbial communities that in turn alter the distribution, redox state, and isotopic composition of these compounds. Microbial community structure and functions vary according to deep fluid delivery across the arc, but less is known about how microbial communities differ along the axis of a convergent margin as geological features (e.