5,846 results match your criteria: "Cornell University Medical College.[Affiliation]"

Lipodystrophy: a new phenomenon?

AIDS Read

May 2003

AIDS Care Center, Division of International Medicine and Infectious Disease, New York Presbyterian Hospital-Cornell University Medical College, New York, NY, USA.

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Cardiac surgery is currently performed on 800,000 patients each year worldwide. Complications involving the central nervous system account for the major adverse sequelae of the procedure and are increasing substantially as more elderly patients are undergoing surgery. Strokes occur in 5% of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), and in as many as 13% of patients undergoing open heart surgery.

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Background: With an increasing awareness of health issues and greater emphasis on preventive medicine, the general population is living longer and healthier lives than ever before. Physicians are taking care of older patients, many of whom may require cardiac surgical procedures. Improving cardiopulmonary bypass technology allows for safer procedures with reduced morbidity and mortality even in older patients.

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Thyroid hormone receptors/THR genes in human cancer.

Cancer Lett

March 2003

Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Cornell University Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA.

Thyroid hormone (triiodothyronine, T3) is a pleiotropic regulator of growth, differentiation and tissue homeostasis in higher organisms that acts through the control of target gene expression. Most, if not all, major T3 actions are mediated by specific high affinity nuclear receptors (TR) which are encoded by two genes, THRA and THRB. Several TRalpha and TRbeta receptor isoforms are expressed.

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Purpose: Purine analogs and alkylators are important agents in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Previously, combinations of fludarabine and chlorambucil were abandoned because of increased toxicity from overlapping myelosuppression and immunosuppression. Of the purine analogs active in CLL, pentostatin may be least myelosuppressive.

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New treatments for asthma: the role of leukotriene modifier agents.

J Natl Med Assoc

August 1999

Division of General Pediatric Medicine, Cornell University Medical College, and Children's Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital-Cornell Weill Center, 525 E. 68th St., New York, NY 10021, USA.

The three leukotriene (LT) modifiers approved for use in the United States, zileuton, zafirlukast, and montelukast, are the first new class of therapeutic agents to be introduced in 20 years for the treatment of asthma. These agents are referred to as leukotriene modifiers and have clearly demonstrated the ability to ameliorate bronchoconstriction and indices of airway edema and abnormal mucus production as observed in clinical trials. These agents have been shown to improve airflow, reduce the need for an inhaled bronchodilator, and improve nocturnal awakenings and asthma symptom scores appreciably.

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Sinus of Valsalva aneurysm.

Ann Thorac Surg

December 2002

Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cornell University Medical College, New York, New York, USA.

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Arthroscopic repair for traumatic posterior shoulder instability.

Am J Sports Med

July 2003

Sports Medicine and Shoulder Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, Cornell University Medical College, New York, New York, USA.

Background: The role of arthroscopic repair in the treatment of posterior shoulder instability remains poorly defined.

Purpose: To evaluate the results of arthroscopic repair of posterior Bankart lesions.

Study Design: Retrospective review.

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The subcortical white matter of the adult human brain harbors a pool of glial progenitor cells. These cells can be isolated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) after either transfection with green fluorescent protein (GFP) under the control of the CNP2 promoter, or A2B5-targeted immunotagging. Although these cells give rise largely to oligodendrocytes, in low-density culture we observed that some also generated neurons.

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Roundtable discussion of antibiotic therapy in surgical infections.

Surg Infect (Larchmt)

April 2003

Cornell University Medical College and Anne and Max A. Cohen Surgical Intensive Care Unit, The New York Presbyterian Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY 10021, USA.

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Elements of local tertiary structure in RNA molecules are important in understanding structure-function relationships. The loop E motif, first identified in several eukaryotic RNAs at functional sites which share an exceptional propensity for UV crosslinking between specific bases, was subsequently shown to have a characteristic tertiary structure. Common sequences and secondary structures have allowed other examples of the E-loop motif to be recognized in a number of RNAs at sites of protein binding or other biological function.

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Pancreatic cancer: epidemiology, genetics, and approaches to screening.

Oncology (Williston Park)

December 2002

Cornell University Medical College, Department of Medicine, Solid Tumor Division, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.

Pancreatic cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Treatment has limited efficacy, and 5-year survival rates remain less than 5%. Insights from epidemiology and discoveries in molecular genetics have laid the groundwork for a rational screening strategy for high-risk individuals.

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Vaccination against tumor neovascularization: Promise and reality.

Cancer Cell

December 2002

Cornell University Medical College, Division of Hematology-Oncology, 1300 York Avenue, Room D601, New York, NY 10021, USA.

Immunization against angiogenic-associated antigens selectively expressed on tumor vasculature provides for a novel strategy to block tumor growth. The feasibility of this approach has recently been borne out in several reports demonstrating that the protein or DNA of angiogenic molecules, such as VEGF-R2, can be used as vaccines to generate an effective cytotoxic T cell and antibody response against tumor vessels, thereby blocking tumor growth and metastasis.

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The purpose of this article is to review the current state of knowledge on contributions of nocturnal urine overproduction and overactive bladder to the syndrome of nocturia. We review the recent literature and current state of the art in differential diagnosis, pathophysiology, and classification of nocturia. We found that multiple pathologic factors may result in nocturia, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus or insipidus, third spacing of fluid, sleep apnea, lower urinary tract obstruction, primary sleep disorders, and behavioral and environmental factors.

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The treatment of patients with metastatic breast cancer that has progressed despite previous anthracycline- and taxane-based therapy is a challenge for oncologists. Several agents, including vinorelbine, gemcitabine, pemetrexed, and particularly capecitabine, have been evaluated in this setting, either alone or in combination with other cytotoxic agents. The efficacy of many of these agents has not yet been clearly established in this setting, as the majority have been evaluated in a limited number of patients and predominantly in single-center trials.

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Background: The currently prevailing paradigm calls for non-operative management of severe acute pancreatitis for as long as there is no evidence of infection. Our purpose in presenting this anecdotal experience is to propose that there is a subset of patients who may need a laparotomy in the absence of infection in order to decompress a clinically significant abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS), which is associated with the acute pancreatitis.

Methods: We present our recent experience with three patients suffering from severe acute pancreatitis.

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Oxytocin induces PGE2 release from bovine cervical mucosa in vivo.

Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat

September 2002

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cornell University Medical College, New York, NY 10128, USA.

Oxytocin receptor (OTR) concentrations in bovine cervical mucosa rise steeply a few days before estrus to high concentrations and fall rapidly after estrus. To study the physiological role of these OTR, the effect of OT on the release of PGE, from the cervical mucosa of periestrous cows in vivo was determined by inserting bags made of dialysis tubing containing isooncotic saline solution in the endocervix for two 2-h periods, a fresh bag for each period. During the first period no treatment was given, during the second period OT (100 IU) or saline was injected i.

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Cardiac neural crest cells are essential for normal development of the great vessels and the heart, giving rise to a range of cell types, including both neuronal and non-neuronal adventitial cells and smooth muscle. Endothelin (ET) signaling plays an important role in the development of cardiac neural crest cell lineages, yet the underlying mechanisms that act to control their migration, differentiation, and proliferation remain largely unclear. We examined the expression patterns of the receptor, ET(A), and the ET-specific converting enzyme, ECE-1, in the pharyngeal arches and great vessels of the developing chick embryo.

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