Diabetes is associated with a higher incidence of short-term mortality risk and readmission in patients who undergo surgical but not transcatheter aortic valve replacement.

Background: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is increasingly used for aortic valve replacement instead of surgical aortic valve replacement (sAVR). We aimed to examine the impact of diabetes on 30-day mortality, 30-day readmission and compare outcomes between TAVR and sAVR.

Methods: Data were extracted from the Nationwide Readmissions Database from 2012 to 2017.

Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for patients undergoing radical cystectomy: Surgeons' perspectives and recommendations ten years after its implementation.

Background And Objectives: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) guidelines for Radical Cystectomy (RC) were published over ten years ago. Aim of this systematic review is to update ERAS recommendations for patients undergoing RC and to give an expert opinion on the relevance of each single ERAS item.

Methods: A systematic review was performed to identify the impact of each single ERAS item on RC outcomes.

Young, Empowered & strong (YES): a study protocol paper for a randomized controlled trial of an mHealth symptom monitoring and self-management intervention for adolescent and young adult (AYA) breast cancer survivors.

Background: Compared to older adults with breast cancer (BC), adolescents and young adults (AYAs) develop more aggressive disease necessitating more intensive therapy with curative intent, which is disruptive to planned life trajectories. The burden of unmet needs among AYA BC survivors exists in two domains: (1) symptoms (e.g.

Chromatin Accessibility Mediated by CHROMATIN REMODELING 11 Promotes Chilling Tolerance in Rice.

Chromatin remodeling plays a crucial role in controlling gene transcription by modifying chromatin structure. However, the involvement of chromatin remodeling in plant stress responses, especially cold tolerance, through chromatin accessibility remains largely unexplored. Here, we report that rice (Oryza sativa L.

Cascade-Responsive Nanoparticles for Efficient CRISPR/Cas9-Based Glioblastoma Gene Therapy.

CRISPR/Cas9 (CRISPR, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) gene editing technology represents great promise for treating glioblastoma (GBM) due to its potential to permanently eliminate tumor pathogenic genes. Unfortunately, delivering CRISPR to the GBM in a safe and effective manner is challenging. Herein, a glycosylated and cascade-responsive nanoparticle (GCNP) that can effectively cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and activate CRISPR/Cas9-based gene editing only in the GBM is designed.

Effect of additional dimensions and views in the echocardiographic determination of 3-dimensional left ventricular volume in myxomatous mitral valve disease in dogs.

Background: Left ventricular (LV) volumes can be calculated from various linear, monoplane, and multiplane echocardiographic methods, and the same method can be applied to different imaging views. However, these methods and their variations have not been comprehensively evaluated against real-time 3-dimensional echocardiography (RT3D).

Hypothesis/objectives: To identify the LV volumetric approaches that produce the least bias and the best agreement with RT3D, and to assess interoperator reproducibility between an experienced and an inexperienced operator.

infection and staple-line leak in patients with class III obesity undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: a retrospective study.

Objective: Globally, over 50% of the population is affected by , yet research on its prevalence and impact in patients with obesity undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is inconclusive. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of infection in individuals with obesity undergoing LSG, evaluate the percentage of postoperative staple-line leaks, and explore the potential link between infection and staple-line leaks.

Methods: This retrospective analysis assessed adult patients with class III obesity who underwent LSG between 2015 and 2020 at a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Young Children's and Caregivers' Evaluations About Household Helping: Balancing the Interests of Helper and Recipient.

Young children's helping can benefit both recipient and helper. This study examined how children and caregivers incorporate helper and recipient interests in evaluations of household helping. Data were collected throughout 2022.

Clinical characteristics associated with cervical hydrated nucleus pulposus extrusion in dogs.

Background: Clinical characteristics of cervical hydrated nucleus pulposus extrusion (HNPE) in dogs compared to other causes of cervical myelopathy are not well described.

Hypothesis/objectives: To evaluate for clinical characteristics and mechanical ventilation likelihood associated with HNPE compared to other causes of cervical myelopathy.

Animals: Three hundred seventy-seven client-owned dogs from 2010 to 2022.

Gemcitabine and docetaxel for high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: EuroGemDoce group results.

Objective: To evaluate the oncological efficacy and safety of sequential intravesical gemcitabine/docetaxel (Gem/Doce) therapy in a European cohort of patients with high-risk and very-high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) after previous Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) treatment.

Materials And Methods: Data were retrospectively collected from 95 patients with NMIBC, treated with Gem/Doce at 12 European centres between 2021 and 2024. Patients previously treated with BCG who had completed a full induction course and received at least one follow-up evaluation were included.

Radiosurgery for Intracranial Meningiomas: A Review of Anatomical Challenges and an Update on the Evidence.

Radiation has been used to treat meningiomas since the mid-1970s. Traditionally, radiation was reserved for patients unfit for major surgery or those with surgically inaccessible tumors. With an increased quantity and quality of imaging, and an aging population, there has been a rise in incidentally diagnosed meningiomas with smaller tumors at diagnosis time.

Abnormal p53 High-Grade Endometrioid Endometrial Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: Our primary objective was to evaluate the oncologic outcomes of patients with abnormal p53 FIGO grade 3 (high-grade) endometrioid endometrial cancer. As secondary objectives, we determined the global prevalence of abnormal p53 in grade 3 endometrioid endometrial carcinomas and the geographical variations.

Methods: The following electronic databases were searched: PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science.

Nutrient Intake and Dietary Adequacy Among Rural Tanzanian Infants Enrolled in the Mycotoxin Mitigation Trial.

Background: The Mycotoxin Mitigation Trial (MMT) was a community-based cluster-randomized trial designed to assess the effect of dietary aflatoxin (AF) on linear growth. Similar dietary intake between arms was an important component of the trial's program theory and essential for the trial's internal validity and interpretation.

Objective: This analysis assessed and compared dietary intake by arm within a sub-sample of infants enrolled in the MMT.

Folic Acid and Methyltetrahydrofolate Supplementation in the Mouse Model with Hepatic Steatosis.

Background/objectives: The gene variant results in a thermolabile MTHFR enzyme associated with elevated plasma homocysteine in TT individuals. Health risks associated with the TT genotype may be modified by dietary and supplemental folate intake. Supplementation with methyltetrahydrofolate (methylTHF) may be preferable to folic acid because it is the MTHFR product, and does not require reduction by DHFR to enter one-carbon folate metabolism.

A BCG kill switch strain protects against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in mice and non-human primates with improved safety and immunogenicity.

Improved vaccination strategies for tuberculosis are needed. Intravenous (i.v.

Engineered Mycobacterium tuberculosis triple-kill-switch strain provides controlled tuberculosis infection in animal models.

Human challenge experiments could accelerate tuberculosis vaccine development. This requires a safe Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) strain that can both replicate in the host and be reliably cleared. Here we genetically engineered Mtb strains encoding up to three kill switches: two mycobacteriophage lysin operons negatively regulated by tetracycline and a degron domain-NadE fusion, which induces ClpC1-dependent degradation of the essential enzyme NadE, negatively regulated by trimethoprim.

Seasonal changes of mélange thickness coincide with Greenland calving dynamics.

Iceberg calving is a major contributor to Greenland's ice mass loss. Ice mélange, tightly packed sea ice and icebergs, has been hypothesized to buttress the calving fronts. However, quantifying the mélange buttressing force from field observations remains a challenge.

New device, old algorithm? Bridging generations in perioperative coagulation management.

Viscoelastic testing permits targeted correction of coagulopathy in bleeding patients. As new generations of viscoelastic testing platforms become available, research exploring similarities and differences with older devices can provide insight for institutions seeking to use the newer technologies. Care must be taken to ensure such studies are designed to produce clinically meaningful guidance for adapting existing treatment algorithms to accommodate the latest viscoelastic testing technology.

Improving the Robustness of Deep-Learning Models in Predicting Hematoma Expansion from Admission Head CT.

Background And Purpose: Robustness against input data perturbations is essential for deploying deep-learning models in clinical practice. Adversarial attacks involve subtle, voxel-level manipulations of scans to increase deep-learning models' prediction errors. Testing deep-learning model performance on examples of adversarial images provides a measure of robustness, and including adversarial images in the training set can improve the model's robustness.

Women with persistent/recurrent vaginal discharge should be offered multiplex-7 PCR testing.

Background: Recurrent vaginal discharge is an important cause of repeated visits to the gynaecologists. Failure to correctly identify the causative organism with standard microscopy and culture techniques results in repeated unsuccessful treatment and the risk of developing antibiotic resistance. Multiplex PCR test is increasingly being used for investigating infections where multiple organisms may be involved.

Age-Related Vulnerability to Malnutrition-Related Mortality: Younger Patients are at Risk.

Introduction: Malnutrition among older adults continues to be a prevalent health concern. While literature has highlighted an increased risk of malnutrition mortality for adults older than 65 y, the age threshold at which malnutrition effects survival and mortality remains unexplored.

Methods: Annual crude and age-adjusted malnutrition-related mortality data from 2009 to 2018 was extracted from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research database.